linux环境下通过源码编译的方式安装mysql8.0.16版本

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已于 2024-08-22 17:31:27 修改

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分类专栏：数据库中间件文章标签： mysql

于 2024-08-22 00:52:12 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_50902636/article/details/141404879

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前言

因为现在生产和预发等环境使用的mysql版本是5.7.32,比较老旧,同时在每次漏扫时也会遇到不同的漏洞,有时因为版本低不好修复。因此，内部开会沟通升级改造mysql至8.0版本。但因为两者的差异，不敢随意更新变动，因此，申请环境在搭建一个单节点的8.0版本mysql，让研发和测试、架构组等同学分别验证业务在高版本上的可行性。所以本篇文章以源码搭建mysql-8.0.16版本为示例。仅供参考!!!

一、资源准备

1.源码下载

此处使用的是包含boost的源码包。这样就不用单独在下载mysql依赖的boost库文件

[root@python1 packages]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-boost-8.0.16.tar.gz

2.依赖命令安装

注意:按以下步骤操作，请服务器尽可能通外网，需要下载依赖的组件

2.1 安装依赖包

[root@python1 servers]# yum install -y vim rsync lrzsz expect make bison gcc gcc-c++ bc libaio libaio-devel zlib zlib-devel \
           nc python python-devel ncurses-devel sysstat perl-DBI perl-DBD-mysql perl-Time-HiRes perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder \
             perl-CPAN perl-Parallel-ForkManager perl-Config-IniFiles MySQL-python.x86_64 perl-Config-Tiny \
             perl-Log-Dispatch pigz trickle iftop dos2unix libarchive python-argparse libev numactl numactl-devel \
             libconfuse apr python-paramiko tmpwatch python-setuptools cmake3 net-tools

2.2 安装高版本gcc

[root@python1 servers]# yum -y install centos-release-scl devtoolset-11-gcc devtoolset-11-gcc-c++ devtoolset-11-binutils

#启用 devtoolset-11 软件集和，此时使用 g++ --version 以及 gcc --version 命令就会发现我们的 gcc g++ 已经完成了升级
[root@python1 servers]#scl enable devtoolset-11 bash 

# 但是scl命令的作用只是暂时的，如果要长久生效，我们就需要写入到配置文件中：
[root@python1 servers]# echo "source /opt/rh/devtoolset-11/enable" >>/etc/profile

[root@python1 servers]# gcc --version
gcc (GCC) 11.2.1 20220127 (Red Hat 11.2.1-9)
Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

[root@python1 servers]# g++ --version
g++ (GCC) 11.2.1 20220127 (Red Hat 11.2.1-9)
Copyright (C) 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE

当执行完上述命令后,再次检查如下文件,如下图所示即可

[root@python1 servers]# vim /opt/rh/devtoolset-11/enable

在这里插入图片描述

踩坑点1

	注意事项:
		如果试图通过以下操作替换 gcc/g++ 来实现永久生效，那肯定是不行的，一定会在make操作时遇见报错
		[root@python1 servers]# mv /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8.5
		[root@python1 servers]# sudo ln -s /opt/rh/devtoolset-11/root/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc
		[root@python1 servers]#mv /usr/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.8.5
		[root@python1 servers]# sudo ln -s /opt/rh/devtoolset-11/root/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++
		原因:
			编译器确实是新版的，但是对应的头文件和库文件还都是原先老版本，一些新版的C++语法自然就不会支持。第一次安装mysql-8.0时就踩到了此坑
			c++: error: unrecognized command line option '-std=c++14'
			make: *** [all] Error 2

2.3 安装高版本cmake

Cmake需要3.5.1版本或则更高版本。静等编译安装完成

[root@python1 servers]#  mkdir /usr/local/cmake && cd /usr/local/cmake
[root@python1 cmake]#  wget https://github.com/Kitware/CMake/releases/download/v3.14.5/cmake-3.14.5.tar.Z
[root@python1 cmake]# tar -xf cmake-3.14.5.tar.Z
[root@python1 cmake]# cd cmake/cmake-3.14.5 && ./bootstrap
[root@python1 cmake-3.14.5]# make && make install

#安装完成并检查
[root@python1 cmake-3.14.5]# cmake --version
cmake version 3.14.5
CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake).

至此，环境和依赖准备完毕，下一步开始编译部署

二、编译安装mysql

1.解压mysql-boost-8.0.16安装包

[root@python1 packages]# tar xf mysql-boost-8.0.16.tar.gz

2.执行编译命令

[root@python1 packages]# cd mysql-8.0.16
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]#  cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/export/servers/app/mysql-8.0.16 \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULTCOLLATION=utf8_bin \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/packages/mysql-8.0.16/boost/boost_1_69_0

以上参数解释和常用参数如下
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/export/servers/app/mysql-8.0.16  指向mysql安装目录
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/var/lib/mysql 指向mysql数据文件目录（/var/lib/mysql）
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/mysql 指向mysql配置文件目录（/etc/mysql）【默认/etc，可以不指派】
-DINSTALL_SBINDIR=sbin 指向可执行文件目录（prefix/sbin）
-DINSTALL_PLUGINDIR=lib/mysql/plugin 指向插件目录（prefix/lib/mysql/plugin）
-DINSTALL_MANDIR=share/man 指向man文档目录（prefix/share/man）
-DINSTALL_SHAREDIR=share 指向aclocal/mysql.m4安装目录（prefix/share）
-DINSTALL_LIBDIR=lib/mysql 指向对象代码库目录（prefix/lib/mysql）
-DINSTALL_INCLUDEDIR=include/mysql 指向头文件目录（prefix/include/mysql）
-DINSTALL_INFODIR=share/info 指向info文档存放目录（prefix/share/info）
（prefix官方推荐设为/usr）

-DMYSQL_USER=mysql 指定mysql运行用户(默认为mysql)
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 指定mysql监听的TCP端口为3306
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock 指定mysql.sock文件路径
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 启用本地数据导入支持
-DENABLE_PROFILING=0 禁用Profiling分析（默认为开启）
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all 启用所有的字符集类型（默认为all）
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all 支持额外的字符集
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 指定默认的字符集为utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci 设定默认排序规则/校验字符集（utf8_general_ci快速/utf8_unicode_ci准确）
-DWITH_DEBUG=0 禁用debug调试（默认为禁用）
-DWITH_COMMENT='string' 一个关于编译环境的描述性注释
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 编译嵌入式服务器支持
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost  boost拓展库的路径
-DSYSCONFDIR=/data/mysqldata/3306 配置文件my.cnf所在目录路径
-DWITH_BIG_TABLES=1  将临时表存储在磁盘上

踩坑点2

如果在执行cmake命令后，遇见以下报错的解决方法如下
报错:
	Please do not build in-source.  Out-of source builds are highly   recommended: you can have multiple builds for the same source, and there is
  an easy way to do cleanup, simply remove the build directory (note that
  'make clean' or 'make distclean' does *not* work)

  You *can* force in-source build by invoking cmake with
  -DFORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD=1

解决方法:
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]#  cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/export/servers/app/mysql-8.0.16 \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULTCOLLATION=utf8_bin \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/packages/mysql-8.0.16/boost/boost_1_69_0 \
-DFORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD=1 #将提示的这个参数也添加进去

3.执行make命令

根据服务器配置高低，执行时间也不一样

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# make -j  4  #-j表示使用几个cpu同时编译，这个根据自身服务器的配置来写。

4.执行make install 命令

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# make install

步骤三和步骤四我没遇到相关问题，就是大概得等20-30分钟左右,编译安装速度根据服务器情况而定

5.编译安装完成后结果检查

在这里插入图片描述

至此，mysql8.0.16版本编译安装完成，接下来，初始化8.0.16版本的数据库

三、初始化mysql

1. 创建数据相关目录及编辑my.cnf文件

创建数据存放目录、日志目录(存放错误日志、慢日志文件)、binlog日志目录等等

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# mkdir -p /export/servers/data/my3306/{data,log,binlog,iblog,ibdata,tmp,run}

my.cnf配置文件如下所示。仅供参考，标注修改和注释的部分100%可以使用，其它参数的配置根据自身环境进行调整即可

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# vim /export/servers/data/my3306/my.cnf
[client]
port            = 3306 #修改
socket          = /export/servers/data/my3306/run/mysqld.sock #修改

[mysqld]
basedir             = /export/servers/app/mysql-8.0.16 #修改
port                = 3306  #修改
socket              = /export/servers/data/my3306/run/mysqld.sock  #修改
datadir             = /export/servers/data/my3306/data #修改
pid_file            = /export/servers/data/my3306/run/mysqld.pid #修改
bind_address        = 0.0.0.0

lower_case_table_names  = 1
collation_server        = utf8_bin
character_set_server    = utf8

skip_name_resolve
skip_external_locking
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=1
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1

tmp_table_size  = 24M
tmpdir                  = /export/servers/data/my3306/tmp #修改
back_log        = 1024

max_connections         = 1000
#max_user_connections    = 80
max_connect_errors      = 2000

table_open_cache        = 20480
table_definition_cache  = 20480
table_open_cache_instances = 16
open_files_limit = 655340
binlog_cache_size           = 512K
bulk_insert_buffer_size     = 64M
ft_min_word_len             = 4
join_buffer_size            = 6M
key_buffer_size             = 32M
max_allowed_packet          = 1024M
max_heap_table_size         = 32M
myisam_repair_threads       = 1
myisam_sort_buffer_size     = 24M
read_buffer_size            = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size        = 3M
sort_buffer_size            = 4M
thread_cache_size           = 512
thread_stack                = 192K
sql_mode                    = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_ALL_TABLES

# log
general_log                 = off
general_log_file            = /export/servers/data/my3306/log/general-log.log
log_error_verbosity         = 3
log_error                   = /export/servers/data/my3306/log/mysqld-err.log
log_timestamps              = SYSTEM
slow_query_log              = on
slow_query_log_file         = /export/servers/data/my3306/log/mysqld-slow.log
long_query_time             = 2
log_slow_admin_statements = on
log_slow_slave_statements = on
binlog_rows_query_log_events = on

# replication
read_only=0
super_read_only=0
log_slave_updates
skip_slave_start
slave_compressed_protocol = off
transaction_write_set_extraction = off
slave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
slave_preserve_commit_order = ON
binlog_checksum = CRC32
#binlog_group_commit_sync_delay = 50
#binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count =100

binlog_format               = row
binlog_row_image            = full
max_binlog_size             = 500M
expire_logs_days            = 7
gtid_mode                   = on
enforce_gtid_consistency    = on
gtid_executed_compression_period = 1000
log-bin                     = /export/servers/data/my3306/binlog/mysql-bin
relay_log                   = /export/servers/data/my3306/binlog/mysqld-relay-bin
master_info_repository      = table
relay_log_info_repository   = table
server-id                   = 1303306 #修改
slave_net_timeout           = 60
#slave_checkpoint_group      = 512
#slave_checkpoint_period     = 300
slave_load_tmpdir                   = /export/servers/data/my3306/tmp
slave_parallel_workers      = 4
slave_pending_jobs_size_max = 128M
sync_binlog                 = 1

report_port             = 3306
report_host             = 192.168.56.129 #修改为自身ip或者注释掉即可

default_storage_engine          = InnoDB
disabled_storage_engines        = "MyISAM,MEMORY"
# innodb
innodb_print_all_deadlocks
innodb_autoextend_increment     = 64
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = on
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup  = on
innodb_buffer_pool_instances    = 4
innodb_buffer_pool_size         = 4G  #修改，占服务器内存的60% ~~70%即可
innodb_data_file_path           = ibdata1:64M:autoextend
innodb_data_home_dir            = /export/servers/data/my3306/ibdata
innodb_fast_shutdown            = 1
innodb_file_per_table           = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit  = 1
innodb_flush_method             = O_DIRECT
innodb_flush_neighbors          = 0
#innodb_io_capacity              = 3000
innodb_io_capacity_max          = 1000
innodb_lock_wait_timeout        = 50
innodb_log_buffer_size          = 32M
innodb_log_file_size            = 500M
innodb_log_files_in_group       = 4
innodb_log_group_home_dir       = /export/servers/data/my3306/iblog
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct      = 75
innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 1342177280
innodb_open_files               = 64535
innodb_purge_threads            = 4
#innodb_read_io_threads          = 16
innodb_sort_buffer_size         = 4M
innodb_thread_concurrency       = 0
innodb_undo_directory           = /export/servers/data/my3306/iblog
#innodb_undo_logs                = 128 #这个需要注释掉，因为mysql8,0版本已经取消掉了该参数
innodb_undo_tablespaces         = 2
#innodb_write_io_threads         = 16
#innodb_file_format              = Barracuda #这个需要注释掉，因为mysql8,0版本已经取消掉了该参数
#innodb_file_format_max          = Barracuda #这个需要注释掉，因为mysql8,0版本已经取消掉了该参数
transaction_isolation           = READ-COMMITTED
secure_file_priv =

# plugin
plugin_load = rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so
# Semi_sync
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled                = 1
rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled                 = 1
rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout                = 1000
rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point             = AFTER_SYNC
rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave          = off
rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count   = 1


[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 256M


[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt=\\u@\\v \\d \\r:\\m:\\s>
default-character-set=utf8

帮助手册: 给大家提供一个查询mysql不同版本之间的配置参数变化网站，该网站可以清晰的对比出你想要查询的mysql不同版本之间的参数变化

https://mysql-params.tmtms.net/variable/?vers=5.7.32,5.7.22,8.0.16&plugin=true
如下所示

在这里插入图片描述

2.创建用户并对相关目录授权

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# /usr/sbin/groupadd  myinstall
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# /usr/sbin/groupadd  dba
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# /usr/sbin/useradd -c "Mysql software owner" -g myinstall -G myinstall,dba  mysql -s /sbin/nologin
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# chmod 755 /home/mysql && chown -R mysql:myinstall  /export/servers/data/my3306 (对数据目录授权)

在这里插入图片描述

3.拷贝mysql3306.server文件并修改、授权

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# cp /export/servers/data/my3306/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql3306.server

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# vim /etc/init.d/mysql3306.server
sleep 1
user=mysql
basedir=/export/servers/app/mysql-8.0.16
bindir=$basedir/bin
datadir=/export/servers/data/my3306/data
mysql_data_basedir="/export/servers/data"
mycnf=$mysql_data_basedir/my3306/my.cnf

lockdir='/var/lock/subsys'
lock_file_path="$lockdir/$user"

service_startup_timeout=900

lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions"
if test -f $lsb_functions ; then
  . $lsb_functions
else
  log_success_msg()
  {
    echo " SUCCESS! $@"
  }
  log_failure_msg()
  {
    echo " ERROR! $@"
  }
fi

PATH="/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin"
export PATH

mode=$1    # start or stop

case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in
    *c*,-n*) echo_n=   echo_c=     ;;
    *c*,*)   echo_n=-n echo_c=     ;;
    *)       echo_n=   echo_c='\c' ;;
esac

wait_for_pid () {
  verb="$1"           # created | removed
  pid="$2"            # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file
  pid_file_path="$3" # path to the PID file.

  i=0
  avoid_race_condition="by checking again"

  while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do

    case "$verb" in
      'created')
        # wait for a PID-file to pop into existence.
        test -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break
        ;;
      'removed')
        # wait for this PID-file to disappear
        test ! -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break
        ;;
      *)
        echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed pid pid_file_path"
        exit 1
        ;;
    esac

    # if server isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated
    if test -n "$pid"; then
      if kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then
        :  # the server still runs
      else
        # The server may have exited between the last pid-file check and now.
        if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then
          avoid_race_condition=""
          continue  # Check again.
        fi

        # there's nothing that will affect the file.
        log_failure_msg "The server quit without updating PID file ($pid_file_path)."
        return 1  # not waiting any more.
      fi
    fi

    echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"
    i=`expr $i + 1`
    sleep 1

  done

  if test -z "$i" ; then
    log_success_msg
    return 0
  else
    log_failure_msg
    return 1
  fi
}

bin_print_defualt=$bindir/my_print_defaults
mysqld_pid_file_path=`$bin_print_defualt --defaults-file=$mycnf mysqld | grep pid | cut -d= -f2`
if [ -z $mysqld_pid_file_path ];
then
    datadir=`$bin_print_defualt --defaults-file=$mycnf mysqld | grep datadir | cut -d= -f2`
    mysqld_pid_file_path=$datadir/$user.pid
fi

case "$mode" in
  'start')
    # Start daemon
    # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
    cd $basedir

    echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL"
    if test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe
    then
      # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
      # may be overwritten at next upgrade.
      $bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=$mycnf --user=$user  >/dev/null 2>&1 &
      wait_for_pid created "$!" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?

      # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
      if test -w "$lockdir"
      then
        touch "$lock_file_path"
      fi

      exit $return_value
    else
      log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)"
    fi
    ;;

  'stop')
    # Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the
    # root password.

    if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
    then
      mysqld_pid=`cat "$mysqld_pid_file_path"`

      if (kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null)
      then
        echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL"
        $bindir/mysqladmin --defaults-file=$mycnf -uroot -p shutdown

        # mysqld should remove the pid file when it exits, so wait for it.
        wait_for_pid removed "$mysqld_pid" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?
      else
        log_failure_msg "MySQL server process #$mysqld_pid is not running!"
        rm "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
      fi

      # Delete lock for RedHat / SuSE
      if test -f "$lock_file_path"
      then
        rm -f "$lock_file_path"
      fi
      exit $return_value
    else
      log_failure_msg "MySQL server PID file could not be found!"
    fi
    ;;

  'restart')
    # Stop the service and regardless of whether it was
    # running or not, start it again.
    if $0 stop ; then
      $0 start
    else
      log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."
      exit 1
    fi
    ;;

  'reload'|'force-reload')
    if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then
      read mysqld_pid <  "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
      kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL"
      touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
    else
      log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!"
      exit 1
    fi
    ;;
  'status')
    # First, check to see if pid file exists
    if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then
      read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
      if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then
        log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)"
        exit 0
      else
        log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists"
        exit 1
      fi
    else
      # Try to find appropriate mysqld process
      mysqld_pid=`pidof $libexecdir/mysqld`
      if test -z $mysqld_pid ; then
        if test -f "$lock_file_path" ; then
          log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock file ($lock_file_path) exists"
          exit 2
        fi
        log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running"
        exit 3
      else
        log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found"
        exit 4
      fi
    fi
    ;;
    *)
      # usage
      basename=`basename "$0"`
      echo "Usage: $basename  {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}  [ MySQL server options ]"
      exit 1
    ;;
esac

exit 0

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql3306.server

4.设置自启动并进行初始化操作

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# chkconfig  mysql3306.server   on

无密码初始化并启动mysql

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# /export/servers/app/mysql-8.0.16/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/export/servers/data/my3306/my.cnf --user=mysql --initialize-insecure

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# /etc/init.d/mysql3306.server start

踩坑3

如果在启动mysql时报如下错误:
	Starting MySQL. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid).
	排查方法:
		1、查看mysql的log目录中的mysqld-err.log日志文件
		2、查看文件中的ERROR关键错误,大部分情况是因为配置文件参数不符合mysql8.0版本，按照提示注释掉即可
		3、如果不是配置文件问题，则检查数据目录权限及my.cnf文件权限

更改root密码并创建普通用户并授权

#登录mysql
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# /export/servers/app/mysql-8.0.16/bin/mysql -uroot -S /export/servers/data/my3306/run/mysqld.sock

#设置权限
mysql> set global super_read_only=0;
mysql> set global read_only=0;

注意事项: mysql8.0版本已经不支持password() 函数了，因此不能使用老方法update user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root';更改密码，会报语法错误

#设置root账密
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxxx';

注意事项: 新版本的 MySQL 8.x 版本已经将创建账户和赋权的方式分开导致以上的命令在 MySQL 8.x 上执行报语法错误。因此不能在使用RANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;语句来完成此操作

#创建普通用户
# 创建账户
mysql> CREATE USER '用户名'@'访问主机' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';

# 为创建的账户赋权
mysql> GRANT '权限列表' ON '数据库' TO '用户名'@'访问主机';
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';

# 刷新
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

至此，初始化mysql8.0操作完成

四、管理mysql

1.配置systemd管理mysql

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]#  mysql_softdir=/export/servers/app
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]#  mysql_cnf=/export/servers/data/my3306/run/my.cnf
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]#  mysql_port=3306
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]#  cat <<EOF >/etc/systemd/system/mysql3306.service
[Unit]
Description=Deamon of mysql 3306
After=syslog.target

[Service]
LimitNOFILE=102400

Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/mysql3306.server start
ExecStop=$mysql_softdir/mysql-8.0.16/bin/mysqladmin --defaults-file=$mysql_cnf  -uroot shutdown
ExecReload=/etc/init.d/mysql$mysql_port.server  restart
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# chmod 755 /etc/systemd/system/mysql3306.service
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# systemctl restart mysql3306.service

检查是否生效
在这里插入图片描述

2.添加快捷命令至profile文件中

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# vim /etc/profile
...
export MYSQL_HOME=/export/servers/app/mysql-8.0.16
export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH

[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]# source /etc/profile #加载配置

在这里插入图片描述

五、mysql8.0使用验证

1.使用初始化时配置的root密码登录验证

在这里插入图片描述

2. 创建数据库验证

#测试在mysql8.0中创建一个test库
[root@python1 mysql-8.0.16]#  mysql -uroot -p -S /export/servers/data/my3306/run/mysqld.sock
mysql> create database ops;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

3.查看数据库用户及引擎验证

mysql> select count(*) from mysql.user;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|        6 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

在这里插入图片描述

大体功能使用已验证没有问题，其他可能存在部分语法差异问题，在使用时注意修改即可，至此，mysql-8.0.16通过源码部署安装完成

踩坑四

当时编译安装过程中有一个报错，但是没有留存报错问题，解决方法是需要打开swap空间
make[2]: *** [extra/protobuf/protobuf-3.6.1/cmake/CMakeFiles/libprotobuf-lite.dir/__/src/google/protobuf/stubs/stringpiece.cc.o] Error 1
c++: fatal error: Killed signal terminated program cc1plus

总结

本篇文章，从安装mysql-8.0.16源码开始，经历两遍部署成功，其中，有两个错误当时未保留记录，如果后续我有遇到则会更新到此篇博客中。通过源码部署的方式，更加了解了数据库8.0版本的部署过程，以及语法方面的差异，因此，完成部署仅仅只是一个开端，后续快马加鞭学习8.0相关的操作，强化自身!!!源码部署过程根据服务器自身硬件资源，资源小，会很慢，有时也会有其他报错，建议搞个4c8g服务器。