手动安装高可用k8s集群(二进制)v1.23.4版本

目录

一、环境信息

1.1、集群信息

1.2 架构图

二、初始化准备

2.1 、设置主机名并添加HOSTS

2.2 配置免密登录

2.3 关闭selinux

2.4 关闭swap

2.5 关闭firewalld

2.6 修改内核参数

2.7 配置yum repo源

2.8 配置时间同步

2.9 安装Iptables

2.10 开启ipvs

2.11 安装编译环境和常用软件

2.12 安装docker

三、安装组件

 3.1 创建CA 证书和密钥

3.1.1 安装 CFSSL证书签发工具

3.1.2 创建CA

3.1.3 分发证书

3.2 部署高可用etcd集群

3.2.1 下载etcd

3.2.2 创建TLS 密钥和证书

3.2.3 创建配置文件

3.2.4 创建systemd unit文件

3.2.5 启动etcd

3.2.6 验证集群

3.3  安装K8s组件

3.3.1 下载二进制包

3.3.2 部署apiserver

3.3.3 安装kubectl工具

3.3.4 部署kube-controller-manager

3.3.5 部署kube-scheduler组件

3.3.6 安装kubelet

3.3.7 部署kube-proxy

3.3.8 安装calico网络插件

3.3.9 安装dns

四、安装dashboard

 4.1 下载yaml文件

4.2 部署dashboard

4.3 访问

五、配置高可用

5.1 安装nginx和keepalived

5.2 启动并验证

5.3 修改所有k8s指向apiserver的地址到vip


一、环境信息

1.1、集群信息

主机名角色IP组件
k8s-master1master192.168.3.61

nginx、keepalived

apiserver,controller-manager、etcd、scheduler

k8s-master2master192.168.3.62

nginx、keepalived

apiserver,controller-manager、etcd、scheduler

k8s-master3master192.168.3.63apiserver,controller-manager、etcd、scheduler
k8s-node1node192.168.3.64kubelet、kube-proxy
k8s-node2node192.168.3.65kubelet、kube-proxy
vipvip192.168.3.60

1.2 架构图

凑合看吧

二、初始化准备

        首先按1.1中集群信息准备好机器,并设置好IP

2.1 、设置主机名并添加HOSTS

按照1.1表格信息设置每一台的主机名

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master1
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/hosts

192.168.3.61 k8s-master1
192.168.3.62 k8s-master2
192.168.3.63 k8s-master3
192.168.3.64 k8s-node1
192.168.3.65 k8s-node2

2.2 配置免密登录

        配置三个master节点可以免密登录所有机器,在三个master节点上执行,

[root@localhost ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:Rt+CFiJmUtfV6LmHQQ9LW7tJMbpxGql1XYti7q+jeNY root@k8s-node2
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|    . .. ..o     |
|   . .  . = =   .|
|  . + . o+ X =...|
|   + . o +%+*... |
|        So=%oo   |
|       o. =o+    |
|          o.     |
|        .o E     |
|       .o...+.   |
+----[SHA256]-----+
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# ll
总用量 4
-rw-------. 1 root root 1187 2月  20 15:41 anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@localhost ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub k8s-master1
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: ".ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'k8s-master1 (192.168.3.61)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:/z2wiIxMLuXcbG5132CVezhjJtQf9BEQSM77zSDGzoI.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@k8s-master1's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'k8s-master1'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@localhost ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub k8s-master2
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: ".ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'k8s-master2 (192.168.3.62)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:/z2wiIxMLuXcbG5132CVezhjJtQf9BEQSM77zSDGzoI.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@k8s-master2's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'k8s-master2'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@localhost ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub k8s-master3
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: ".ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'k8s-master3 (192.168.3.63)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:/z2wiIxMLuXcbG5132CVezhjJtQf9BEQSM77zSDGzoI.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@k8s-master3's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'k8s-master3'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@localhost ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub k8s-node1
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: ".ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'k8s-node1 (192.168.3.64)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:/z2wiIxMLuXcbG5132CVezhjJtQf9BEQSM77zSDGzoI.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@k8s-node1's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'k8s-node1'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@localhost ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub k8s-node2
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: ".ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host 'k8s-node2 (192.168.3.65)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:/z2wiIxMLuXcbG5132CVezhjJtQf9BEQSM77zSDGzoI.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@k8s-node2's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'k8s-node2'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@localhost ~]# ssh k8s-node2
Last login: Sun Feb 20 18:23:50 2022 from 192.168.3.202
[root@k8s-node2 ~]# exit
注销
Connection to k8s-node2 closed.
[root@localhost ~]#

2.3 关闭selinux

在所有机器上关闭selinux

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
SELINUX=disabled #修改成disabled
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce   #也可重启生效
Permissive

2.4 关闭swap

[root@localhost ~]# swapoff -a
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
#注释掉 #/dev/mapper/cl-swap     none                    swap    defaults        0 0
[root@localhost ~]# free -g
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:              3           0           2           0           0           3
Swap:             0           0           0
[root@localhost ~]#

2.5 关闭firewalld

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

2.6 修改内核参数

[root@localhost ~]# modprobe br_netfilter
[root@localhost ~]# lsmod |grep br_netfilter
br_netfilter           24576  0
bridge                200704  1 br_netfilter
[root@localhost ~]# cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf <<EOF
> net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
> net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
> net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
> EOF
[root@localhost ~]# sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@localhost ~]#

说明

modprobe br_netfilter如果不加载次模块

sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf出现报错:

sysctl: cannot stat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-ip6tables: No such file or directory

sysctl: cannot stat /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables: No such file or directory

如不开启net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables

在centos下安装docker,执行docker info出现如下警告:

WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled

WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled

如不开启net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1参数

kubeadm初始化k8s如果报错: ERROR FileContent--proc-sys-net-ipv4-ip_forward] : .....

net.ipv4.ip_forward是数据包转发:

Linux系统默认禁止数据包转发。所谓转发即当主机拥有多于一块的网卡时,其中一块收到数据包,根据数据包的目的ip地址将数据包发往本机另一块网卡,该网卡根据路由表继续发送数据包。这通常是路由器所要实现的功能,要让Linux系统具有路由转发功能,需要配置一个Linux的内核参数net.ipv4.ip_forward。这个参数指定了Linux系统当前对路由转发功能的支持情况;

2.7 配置yum repo源

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/
bak/                                 CentOS-Linux-Devel.repo              CentOS-Linux-Plus.repo
CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo          CentOS-Linux-Extras.repo             CentOS-Linux-PowerTools.repo
CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo             CentOS-Linux-FastTrack.repo          CentOS-Linux-Sources.repo
CentOS-Linux-ContinuousRelease.repo  CentOS-Linux-HighAvailability.repo
CentOS-Linux-Debuginfo.repo          CentOS-Linux-Media.repo
[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-* /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/
[root@localhost ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  2495  100  2495    0     0  14339      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 14257
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
0 文件已删除
[root@localhost ~]# yum install lrzsz
CentOS-8.5.2111 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                                                    2.4 MB/s | 4.6 MB     00:01
CentOS-8.5.2111 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com                                                   22 kB/s |  10 kB     00:00
CentOS-8.5.2111 - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com                                               1.6 MB/s | 8.4 MB     00:05
依赖关系解决。
===============================================================================================================================
 软件包                     架构                        版本                                   仓库                       大小
===============================================================================================================================
安装:
 lrzsz                      x86_64                      0.12.20-43.el8                         base                       84 k

事务概要
===============================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包

总下载:84 k
安装大小:190 k
确定吗?[y/N]: y
下载软件包:
lrzsz-0.12.20-43.el8.x86_64.rpm                                                                495 kB/s |  84 kB     00:00
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                                                           492 kB/s |  84 kB     00:00
运行事务检查
事务检查成功。
运行事务测试
事务测试成功。
运行事务
  准备中  :                                                                                                                1/1
  安装    : lrzsz-0.12.20-43.el8.x86_64                                                                                    1/1
  运行脚本: lrzsz-0.12.20-43.el8.x86_64                                                                                    1/1
  验证    : lrzsz-0.12.20-43.el8.x86_64                                                                                    1/1

已安装:
  lrzsz-0.12.20-43.el8.x86_64

完毕!
[root@localhost ~]#

2.8 配置时间同步

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y chrony
上次元数据过期检查:0:03:17 前,执行于 2022年02月20日 星期日 03时29分28秒。
软件包 chrony-4.1-1.el8.x86_64 已安装。
依赖关系解决。
无需任何处理。
完毕!
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/chrony.conf
#pool 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst #注释掉
server ntp.aliyun.com iburst
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart chronyd.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable chronyd
[root@localhost ~]# chronyc sources -v

  .-- Source mode  '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock.
 / .- Source state '*' = current best, '+' = combined, '-' = not combined,
| /             'x' = may be in error, '~' = too variable, '?' = unusable.
||                                                 .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz
||      Reachability register (octal) -.           |  xxxx = adjusted offset,
||      Log2(Polling interval) --.      |          |  yyyy = measured offset,
||                                \     |          |  zzzz = estimated error.
||                                 |    |           \
MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* 203.107.6.88                  2   6    17    14   +343us[ +831us] +/-   20ms
[root@localhost ~]# date
2022年 02月 20日 星期日 03:35:01 EST
[root@localhost ~]# date -R    #发现时区不对
Sun, 20 Feb 2022 03:36:03 -0500
[root@localhost ~]# timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai   #修改时区
[root@localhost ~]# date
2022年 02月 20日 星期日 16:36:30 CST
[root@localhost ~]#

2.9 安装Iptables

安装并清空规则,关闭即可,k8s自己初始化

[root@localhost ~]# yum install iptables-services -y
上次元数据过期检查:0:09:39 前,执行于 2022年02月20日 星期日 16时29分28秒。
依赖关系解决。
===============================================================================================================================
 软件包                               架构                      版本                             仓库                     大小
===============================================================================================================================
安装:
 iptables-services                    x86_64                    1.8.4-20.el8                     base                     63 k

事务概要
===============================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包

总下载:63 k
安装大小:20 k
下载软件包:
iptables-services-1.8.4-20.el8.x86_64.rpm                                                      263 kB/s |  63 kB     00:00
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                                                           261 kB/s |  63 kB     00:00
运行事务检查
事务检查成功。
运行事务测试
事务测试成功。
运行事务
  准备中  :                                                                                                                1/1
  安装    : iptables-services-1.8.4-20.el8.x86_64                                                                          1/1
  运行脚本: iptables-services-1.8.4-20.el8.x86_64                                                                          1/1
  验证    : iptables-services-1.8.4-20.el8.x86_64                                                                          1/1

已安装:
  iptables-services-1.8.4-20.el8.x86_64

完毕!
[root@localhost ~]# service iptables stop   && systemctl disable iptables
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop iptables.service
[root@localhost ~]# iptables -F
[root@localhost ~]#

2.10 开启ipvs

不开启ipvs将会使用iptables进行数据包转发,但是效率低,所以推荐开通ipvs。



[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_lc
modprobe -- ip_vs_wlc
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_lblc
modprobe -- ip_vs_lblcr
modprobe -- ip_vs_dh
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- ip_vs_nq
modprobe -- ip_vs_sed
modprobe -- ip_vs_ftp
modprobe -- nf_conntrack
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
[root@localhost ~]# bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules
[root@localhost ~]# lsmod | grep  ip_vs
ip_vs_ftp              16384  0
ip_vs_sed              16384  0
ip_vs_nq               16384  0
ip_vs_dh               16384  0
ip_vs_lblcr            16384  0
ip_vs_lblc             16384  0
ip_vs_wlc              16384  0
ip_vs_lc               16384  0
ip_vs_sh               16384  0
ip_vs_wrr              16384  0
ip_vs_rr               16384  0
ip_vs                 172032  22 ip_vs_wlc,ip_vs_rr,ip_vs_dh,ip_vs_lblcr,ip_vs_sh,ip_vs_nq,ip_vs_lblc,ip_vs_wrr,ip_vs_lc,ip_vs_sed,ip_vs_ftp
nf_nat                 45056  2 nft_chain_nat,ip_vs_ftp
nf_conntrack          172032  3 nf_nat,nft_ct,ip_vs
nf_defrag_ipv6         20480  2 nf_conntrack,ip_vs
libcrc32c              16384  5 nf_conntrack,nf_nat,nf_tables,xfs,ip_vs

2.11 安装编译环境和常用软件

[root@localhost ~]# yum install wget vim make gcc gcc-c++ ipvsadm telnet net-tools -y
上次元数据过期检查:0:26:42 前,执行于 2022年02月20日 星期日 16时29分28秒。
依赖关系解决。
===============================================================================================================================
 软件包                           架构                 版本                                      仓库                     大小
===============================================================================================================================
安装:


...  ...

已升级:
  libgcc-8.5.0-4.el8_5.x86_64             libgomp-8.5.0-4.el8_5.x86_64             libstdc++-8.5.0-4.el8_5.x86_64
已安装:
  binutils-2.30-108.el8_5.1.x86_64           cpp-8.5.0-4.el8_5.x86_64                  gcc-8.5.0-4.el8_5.x86_64
  gcc-c++-8.5.0-4.el8_5.x86_64               glibc-devel-2.28-164.el8.x86_64           glibc-headers-2.28-164.el8.x86_64
  gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64              ipvsadm-1.31-1.el8.x86_64                 isl-0.16.1-6.el8.x86_64
  kernel-headers-4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64 libmetalink-0.1.3-7.el8.x86_64            libmpc-1.1.0-9.1.el8.x86_64
  libpkgconf-1.4.2-1.el8.x86_64              libstdc++-devel-8.5.0-4.el8_5.x86_64      libxcrypt-devel-4.1.1-6.el8.x86_64
  make-1:4.2.1-10.el8.x86_64                 net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 pkgconf-1.4.2-1.el8.x86_64
  pkgconf-m4-1.4.2-1.el8.noarch              pkgconf-pkg-config-1.4.2-1.el8.x86_64     telnet-1:0.17-76.el8.x86_64
  vim-common-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64        vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64     vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.noarch
  wget-1.19.5-10.el8.x86_64

完毕!
[root@localhost ~]#

2.12 安装docker

        或者可以使用containerd,本次使用docker,安装docker后并配置镜像加速

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
上次元数据过期检查:3:09:42 前,执行于 2022年02月20日 星期日 16时29分28秒。
软件包 device-mapper-persistent-data-0.9.0-4.el8.x86_64 已安装。
软件包 lvm2-8:2.03.12-10.el8.x86_64 已安装。
依赖关系解决。
===============================================================================================================================
 软件包                         架构                        版本                               仓库                       大小
===============================================================================================================================
安装:
 yum-utils                      noarch                      4.0.21-3.el8                       base                       73 k

事务概要
===============================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包

总下载:73 k
安装大小:22 k
下载软件包:
yum-utils-4.0.21-3.el8.noarch.rpm                                                              333 kB/s |  73 kB     00:00
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                                                           330 kB/s |  73 kB     00:00
运行事务检查
事务检查成功。
运行事务测试
事务测试成功。
运行事务
  准备中  :                                                                                                                1/1
  安装    : yum-utils-4.0.21-3.el8.noarch                                                                                  1/1
  运行脚本: yum-utils-4.0.21-3.el8.noarch                                                                                  1/1
  验证    : yum-utils-4.0.21-3.el8.noarch                                                                                  1/1

已安装:
  yum-utils-4.0.21-3.el8.noarch

完毕!
[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
添加仓库自:https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's+download.docker.com+mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce+' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install docker-ce
Docker CE Stable - x86_64                                                                       43 kB/s |  19 kB     00:00
依赖关系解决。
===============================================================================================================================
 软件包                             架构         版本                                             仓库                    大小
===============================================================================================================================
安装:
 docker-ce                          x86_64       3:20.10.12-3.el8                                 docker-ce-stable        22 M
安装依赖关系:

。。。 。。。


已安装:
  checkpolicy-2.9-1.el8.x86_64                          container-selinux-2:2.167.0-1.module_el8.5.0+911+f19012f9.noarch
  containerd.io-1.4.12-3.1.el8.x86_64                   docker-ce-3:20.10.12-3.el8.x86_64
  docker-ce-cli-1:20.10.12-3.el8.x86_64                 docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.12-3.el8.x86_64
  docker-scan-plugin-0.12.0-3.el8.x86_64                fuse-overlayfs-1.7.1-1.module_el8.5.0+890+6b136101.x86_64
  fuse3-3.2.1-12.el8.x86_64                             fuse3-libs-3.2.1-12.el8.x86_64
  libcgroup-0.41-19.el8.x86_64                          libslirp-4.4.0-1.module_el8.5.0+890+6b136101.x86_64
  policycoreutils-python-utils-2.9-16.el8.noarch        python3-audit-3.0-0.17.20191104git1c2f876.el8.x86_64
  python3-libsemanage-2.9-6.el8.x86_64                  python3-policycoreutils-2.9-16.el8.noarch
  python3-setools-4.3.0-2.el8.x86_64                    slirp4netns-1.1.8-1.module_el8.5.0+890+6b136101.x86_64

完毕!
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /etc/docker
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
 "registry-mirrors":["https://registry.docker-cn.com","https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn","http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"],
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@localhost ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.12
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.16.12
 Git commit:        e91ed57
 Built:             Mon Dec 13 11:45:22 2021
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.12
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.16.12
  Git commit:       459d0df
  Built:            Mon Dec 13 11:43:44 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.4.12
  GitCommit:        7b11cfaabd73bb80907dd23182b9347b4245eb5d
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.2
  GitCommit:        v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID   CREATED   SIZE
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete
a9edb18cadd1: Pull complete
589b7251471a: Pull complete
186b1aaa4aa6: Pull complete
b4df32aa5a72: Pull complete
a0bcbecc962e: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   7 weeks ago   141MB
[root@localhost ~]#

三、安装组件

 3.1 创建CA 证书和密钥

3.1.1 安装 CFSSL证书签发工具

可以去github下载最新版本

https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases


[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ll cfssl*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16659824 2月  21 09:12 cfssl_1.6.1_linux_amd64
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13502544 2月  21 09:12 cfssl-certinfo_1.6.1_linux_amd64
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11029744 2月  21 09:12 cfssljson_1.6.1_linux_amd64
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# chmod +x  cfssl*
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp cfssl_1.6.1_linux_amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp cfssl-certinfo_1.6.1_linux_amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp cfssljson_1.6.1_linux_amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

3.1.2 创建CA

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cfssl print-defaults config > ca-config.json
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cfssl print-defaults csr > ca-csr.json
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim ca-config.json  
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat ca-config.json
{
    "signing": {
        "default": {
            "expiry": "87600h"
        },
        "profiles": {
            "kubernetes": {
                "expiry": "87600h",
                "usages": [
                    "signing",
                    "key encipherment",
                    "server auth",
                    "client auth"
                ]
            }
        }
    }
}
  •  config.json:可以定义多个profiles,分别指定不同的过期时间、使用场景等参数;后续在签名证书时使用某个profile;
  • signing: 表示该证书可用于签名其它证书;生成的ca.pem 证书中CA=TRUE
  • server auth: 表示client 可以用该CA 对server 提供的证书进行校验;
  • client auth: 表示server 可以用该CA 对client 提供的证书进行验证。
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim ca-csr.json
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat ca-csr.json
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "key": {
      "algo": "rsa",
      "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "system"
    }
  ],
  "ca": {
          "expiry": "87600h"
  }
}

  • CNCommon Name,kube-apiserver 从证书中提取该字段作为请求的用户名(User Name);浏览器使用该字段验证网站是否合法;
  • OOrganization,kube-apiserver 从证书中提取该字段作为请求用户所属的组(Group);

生成CA 证书和私钥

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca
2022/02/21 09:47:21 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
2022/02/21 09:47:21 [INFO] generate received request
2022/02/21 09:47:21 [INFO] received CSR
2022/02/21 09:47:21 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2022/02/21 09:47:22 [INFO] encoded CSR
2022/02/21 09:47:22 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 562969161462549692386669206897984170659799392725
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ll ca*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  387 2月  21 09:20 ca-config.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1045 2月  21 09:47 ca.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  257 2月  21 09:45 ca-csr.json
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 2月  21 09:47 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1310 2月  21 09:47 ca.pem

3.1.3 分发证书

        将生成的CA 证书、密钥文件、配置文件拷贝到所有机器的/etc/kubernetes/ssl目录下

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp ca* /etc/kubernetes/ssl
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-master2 "mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl"
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-master3 "mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl"
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node1 "mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl"
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node2 "mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/ssl"
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp ca* k8s-master2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
ca-config.json                                                                               100%  387   316.3KB/s   00:00
ca.csr                                                                                       100% 1045     1.3MB/s   00:00
ca-csr.json                                                                                  100%  257   399.6KB/s   00:00
ca-key.pem                                                                                   100% 1679     2.6MB/s   00:00
ca.pem                                                                                       100% 1310     2.4MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp ca* k8s-master3:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
ca-config.json                                                                               100%  387   334.4KB/s   00:00
ca.csr                                                                                       100% 1045     1.4MB/s   00:00
ca-csr.json                                                                                  100%  257   286.7KB/s   00:00
ca-key.pem                                                                                   100% 1679     1.9MB/s   00:00
ca.pem                                                                                       100% 1310     2.1MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp ca* k8s-node1:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
ca-config.json                                                                               100%  387   365.7KB/s   00:00
ca.csr                                                                                       100% 1045     1.1MB/s   00:00
ca-csr.json                                                                                  100%  257   379.1KB/s   00:00
ca-key.pem                                                                                   100% 1679     2.1MB/s   00:00
ca.pem                                                                                       100% 1310     1.8MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp ca* k8s-node2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
ca-config.json                                                                               100%  387   416.2KB/s   00:00
ca.csr                                                                                       100% 1045     1.6MB/s   00:00
ca-csr.json                                                                                  100%  257   368.6KB/s   00:00
ca-key.pem                                                                                   100% 1679     2.5MB/s   00:00
ca.pem                                                                                       100% 1310     2.0MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

3.2 部署高可用etcd集群

kubernetes 系统使用etcd存储所有的数据,我们这里部署3个节点的etcd 集群,这3个节点直接复用kubernetes master的3个节点,分别命名为etcd01etcd02etcd03:

  • etcd01:192.168.3.61
  • etcd02:192.168.3.62
  • etcd03:192.168.3.63

3.2.1 下载etcd

可以到github上下载最新版本

https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# wget https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.5.2/etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
--2022-02-21 10:04:46--  https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.5.2/etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
正在解析主机 github.com (github.com)... 20.205.243.166
正在连接 github.com (github.com)|20.205.243.166|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 301 Moved Permanently
位置:https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.5.2/etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz [跟随至新的 URL]
--2022-02-21 10:04:47--  https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.5.2/etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
再次使用存在的到 github.com:443 的连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 302 Found
位置:https://objects.githubusercontent.com/github-production-release-asset-2e65be/11225014/f4f31478-23ee-4680-b2f5-b9c9e6c22c10?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20220221%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20220221T020447Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=d95f23da1a648ce9ffbf30b90c3ee8dc084ce808c4c2cdb58834f8579af59568&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=11225014&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Detcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream [跟随至新的 URL]
--2022-02-21 10:04:47--  https://objects.githubusercontent.com/github-production-release-asset-2e65be/11225014/f4f31478-23ee-4680-b2f5-b9c9e6c22c10?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20220221%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20220221T020447Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=d95f23da1a648ce9ffbf30b90c3ee8dc084ce808c4c2cdb58834f8579af59568&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=11225014&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Detcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream
正在解析主机 objects.githubusercontent.com (objects.githubusercontent.com)... 185.199.109.133, 185.199.110.133, 185.199.111.133
正在连接 objects.githubusercontent.com (objects.githubusercontent.com)|185.199.109.133|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:19403085 (19M) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz”

etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz  100%[======================================================>]  18.50M  30.3MB/s  用时 0.6s

2022-02-21 10:04:48 (30.3 MB/s) - 已保存 “etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz” [19403085/19403085])

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# tar -xvf etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/etcdutl
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/Documentation/
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/Documentation/dev-guide/
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/Documentation/dev-guide/apispec/
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/Documentation/dev-guide/apispec/swagger/
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/Documentation/dev-guide/apispec/swagger/v3election.swagger.json
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/Documentation/dev-guide/apispec/swagger/v3lock.swagger.json
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/Documentation/dev-guide/apispec/swagger/rpc.swagger.json
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/Documentation/README.md
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/README-etcdutl.md
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/README-etcdctl.md
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/etcdctl
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/etcd
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/READMEv2-etcdctl.md
etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/README.md
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp -p etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/etcd* /usr/local/bin/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp -r etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/etcd* k8s-master2:/usr/local/bin/
etcd                                                                                         100%   22MB 159.0MB/s   00:00
etcdctl                                                                                      100%   17MB 170.0MB/s   00:00
etcdutl                                                                                      100%   15MB 164.7MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp -r etcd-v3.5.2-linux-amd64/etcd* k8s-master3:/usr/local/bin/
etcd                                                                                         100%   22MB 145.2MB/s   00:00
etcdctl                                                                                      100%   17MB 153.2MB/s   00:00
etcdutl                                                                                      100%   15MB 143.0MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

3.2.2 创建TLS 密钥和证书

为了保证通信安全,客户端(如etcdctl)与etcd 集群、etcd 集群之间的通信需要使用TLS 加密。

创建etcd 证书签名请求:

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim etcd-csr.json
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat etcd-csr.json
{
  "CN": "etcd",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "192.168.3.61",
    "192.168.3.62",
    "192.168.3.63",
    "192.168.3.60"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [{
    "C": "CN",
    "ST": "Beijing",
    "L": "Beijing",
    "O": "k8s",
    "OU": "system"
  }]
}

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson  -bare etcd
2022/02/21 10:23:03 [INFO] generate received request
2022/02/21 10:23:03 [INFO] received CSR
2022/02/21 10:23:03 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2022/02/21 10:23:03 [INFO] encoded CSR
2022/02/21 10:23:03 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 540683039793068200585882328120306956582063169708
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ls etcd*.pem
etcd-key.pem  etcd.pem
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  mv etcd*.pem /etc/etcd/ssl/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp ca*.pem /etc/etcd/ssl/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-master2 mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-master3 mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp /etc/etcd/ssl/* k8s-master2:/etc/etcd/ssl/
ca-key.pem                                                                                   100% 1679     1.0MB/s   00:00
ca.pem                                                                                       100% 1310     1.7MB/s   00:00
etcd-key.pem                                                                                 100% 1679     1.6MB/s   00:00
etcd.pem                                                                                     100% 1444     1.5MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp /etc/etcd/ssl/* k8s-master3:/etc/etcd/ssl/
ca-key.pem                                                                                   100% 1679     1.1MB/s   00:00
ca.pem                                                                                       100% 1310     1.5MB/s   00:00
etcd-key.pem                                                                                 100% 1679     2.0MB/s   00:00
etcd.pem                                                                                     100% 1444     1.9MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

3.2.3 创建配置文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.3.61:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.3.61:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.3.61:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.3.61:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=https://192.168.3.61:2380,etcd2=https://192.168.3.62:2380,etcd3=https://192.168.3.63:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp /etc/etcd/etcd.conf  k8s-master2:/etc/etcd/
etcd.conf                                                                                    100%  520   457.0KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp /etc/etcd/etcd.conf  k8s-master3:/etc/etcd/
etcd.conf                                                                                    100%  520   445.7KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

 复制到另外两个节点的配置文件需要修改节点名称和IP 切记

  • ETCD_NAME:节点名称,集群中唯一
  • ETCD_DATA_DIR:数据目录
  • ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS:集群通信监听地址
  • ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS:客户端访问监听地址
  • ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS:集群通告地址
  • ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS:客户端通告地址
  • ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER:集群节点地址
  • ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN:集群Token
  • ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE:加入集群的当前状态,new是新集群,existing表示加入已有集群

创建完配置文件顺便把数据目录也创建上

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd/default.etcd
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-master2 mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd/default.etcd
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-master3 mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd/default.etcd

3.2.4 创建systemd unit文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim etcd.service
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd \
  --cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
  --key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
  --trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
  --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
  --peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
  --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
  --peer-client-cert-auth \
  --client-cert-auth
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp etcd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp etcd.service k8s-master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
etcd.service                                                                                 100%  635   587.5KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp etcd.service k8s-master3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
etcd.service                                                                                 100%  635   574.7KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

3.2.5 启动etcd

在所有节点上都执行

可以先执行

 systemctl daemon-reload
 systemctl enable etcd.service

然后执行

 systemctl start etcd

[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  systemctl enable etcd.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/etcd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ^C
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl start etcd
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl status etcd
● etcd.service - Etcd Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-02-21 10:56:59 CST; 10s ago
 Main PID: 112245 (etcd)
    Tasks: 9 (limit: 23502)
   Memory: 26.0M
   CGroup: /system.slice/etcd.service
           └─112245 /usr/local/bin/etcd --cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem --key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem --trusted-ca->

2月 21 10:57:01 k8s-master1 etcd[112245]: {"level":"info","ts":"2022-02-21T10:57:01.473+0800","caller":"rafthttp/peer_status.g>
2月 21 10:57:01 k8s-master1 etcd[112245]: {"level":"info","ts":"2022-02-21T10:57:01.473+0800","caller":"rafthttp/stream.go:274>
2月 21 10:57:01 k8s-master1 etcd[112245]: {"level":"info","ts":"2022-02-21T10:57:01.473+0800","caller":"rafthttp/stream.go:249>
2月 21 10:57:01 k8s-master1 etcd[112245]: {"level":"info","ts":"2022-02-21T10:57:01.473+0800","caller":"rafthttp/stream.go:274>
2月 21 10:57:01 k8s-master1 etcd[112245]: {"level":"info","ts":"2022-02-21T10:57:01.484+0800","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:7>
2月 21 10:57:01 k8s-master1 etcd[112245]: {"level":"info","ts":"2022-02-21T10:57:01.484+0800","caller":"rafthttp/stream.go:412>
2月 21 10:57:01 k8s-master1 etcd[112245]: {"level":"info","ts":"2022-02-21T10:57:01.484+0800","caller":"rafthttp/stream.go:412>
2月 21 10:57:03 k8s-master1 etcd[112245]: {"level":"info","ts":"2022-02-21T10:57:03.798+0800","caller":"etcdserver/server.go:2>
2月 21 10:57:03 k8s-master1 etcd[112245]: {"level":"info","ts":"2022-02-21T10:57:03.799+0800","caller":"membership/cluster.go:>
2月 21 10:57:03 k8s-master1 etcd[112245]: {"level":"info","ts":"2022-02-21T10:57:03.79

3.2.6 验证集群

部署完etcd 集群后,在任一etcd 节点上执行下面命令,提示is healthy则表示正常

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# for ip in 192.168.3.61 192.168.3.62 192.168.3.63; do
>   ETCDCTL_API=3 /usr/local/bin/etcdctl \
>   --endpoints=https://${ip}:2379  \
>   --cacert=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
>   --cert=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
>   --key=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
>   endpoint health; done
https://192.168.3.61:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 7.41116ms
https://192.168.3.62:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 9.36961ms
https://192.168.3.63:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 8.957572ms

3.3  安装K8s组件

3.3.1 下载二进制包

可以去github下载最新版本

kubernetes/CHANGELOG at master · kubernetes/kubernetes · GitHub

 解压并复制到对应的节点上

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.23.4/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz -O kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
--2022-02-21 11:39:09--  https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.23.4/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
正在解析主机 storage.googleapis.com (storage.googleapis.com)... 142.251.43.16, 172.217.160.112, 172.217.160.80
正在连接 storage.googleapis.com (storage.googleapis.com)|142.251.43.16|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:341392468 (326M) [application/x-tar]
正在保存至: “kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz”

kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.t 100%[======================================================>] 325.58M  14.3MB/s  用时 24s

2022-02-21 11:39:34 (13.5 MB/s) - 已保存 “kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz” [341392468/341392468])

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
kubernetes/
kubernetes/server/
kubernetes/server/bin/
kubernetes/server/bin/kube-apiserver.tar
kubernetes/server/bin/kube-controller-manager.tar
。。。 。。。

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cd kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@k8s-master1 bin]# ls
apiextensions-apiserver    kube-apiserver.tar                  kubectl-convert        kube-proxy.tar
kubeadm                    kube-controller-manager             kubelet                kube-scheduler
kube-aggregator            kube-controller-manager.docker_tag  kube-log-runner        kube-scheduler.docker_tag
kube-apiserver             kube-controller-manager.tar         kube-proxy             kube-scheduler.tar
kube-apiserver.docker_tag  kubectl                             kube-proxy.docker_tag  mounter
[root@k8s-master1 bin]# cp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl /usr/local/bin/
[root@k8s-master1 bin]# scp  kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl k8s-master2:/usr/local/bin
kube-apiserver                                                                               100%  125MB  87.6MB/s   00:01
kube-controller-manager                                                                      100%  116MB 129.0MB/s   00:00
kube-scheduler                                                                               100%   47MB 114.0MB/s   00:00
kubectl                                                                                      100%   44MB 123.6MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 bin]# scp  kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl k8s-master3:/usr/local/bin
kube-apiserver                                                                               100%  125MB 137.7MB/s   00:00
kube-controller-manager                                                                      100%  116MB 147.2MB/s   00:00
kube-scheduler                                                                               100%   47MB 148.0MB/s   00:00
kubectl                                                                                      100%   44MB 133.8MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy k8s-node1:/usr/local/bin/
kubelet                                                                                      100%  119MB 165.2MB/s   00:00
kube-proxy                                                                                   100%   42MB 143.0MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy k8s-node2:/usr/local/bin/
kubelet                                                                                      100%  119MB 146.0MB/s   00:00
kube-proxy                                                                                   100%   42MB 134.1MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 bin]#

3.3.2 部署apiserver

TLS Bootstrapping 机制

Master apiserver启用TLS认证后,每个节点的 kubelet 组件都要使用由 apiserver 使用的 CA 签发的有效证书才能与 apiserver 通讯,当Node节点很多时,这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作,同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。

为了简化流程,Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书,kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书,kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。

TLS bootstrapping 具体引导过程

1.TLS 作用
TLS 的作用就是对通讯加密,防止中间人窃听;同时如果证书不信任的话根本就无法与 apiserver 建立连接,更不用提有没有权限向apiserver请求指定内容。

2. RBAC 作用
当 TLS 解决了通讯问题后,那么权限问题就应由 RBAC 解决(可以使用其他权限模型,如 ABAC);RBAC 中规定了一个用户或者用户组(subject)具有请求哪些 api 的权限;在配合 TLS 加密的时候,实际上 apiserver 读取客户端证书的 CN 字段作为用户名,读取 O字段作为用户组.

以上说明:第一,想要与 apiserver 通讯就必须采用由 apiserver CA 签发的证书,这样才能形成信任关系,建立 TLS 连接;第二,可以通过证书的 CN、O 字段来提供 RBAC 所需的用户与用户组。

kubelet 首次启动流程
TLS bootstrapping 功能是让 kubelet 组件去 apiserver 申请证书,然后用于连接 apiserver;那么第一次启动时没有证书如何连接 apiserver ?

在apiserver 配置中指定了一个 token.csv 文件,该文件中是一个预设的用户配置;同时该用户的Token和由apiserver的CA签发的用户被写入了kubelet 所使用的bootstrap.kubeconfig 配置文件中;这样在首次请求时,kubelet 使用 bootstrap.kubeconfig 中被 apiserver CA 签发证书时信任的用户来与 apiserver 建立 TLS 通讯,使用 bootstrap.kubeconfig 中的用户 Token 来向 apiserver 声明自己的 RBAC 授权身份.token.csv格式:

3940fd7fbb391d1b4d861ad17a1f0613,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
首次启动时,可能与遇到 kubelet 报 401 无权访问 apiserver 的错误;这是因为在默认情况下,kubelet 通过 bootstrap.kubeconfig 中的预设用户 Token 声明了自己的身份,然后创建 CSR 请求;但是不要忘记这个用户在我们不处理的情况下他没任何权限的,包括创建 CSR 请求;所以需要创建一个 ClusterRoleBinding,将预设用户 kubelet-bootstrap 与内置的 ClusterRole system:node-bootstrapper 绑定到一起,使其能够发起 CSR 请求。

创建token.csv文件 

[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  cat > token.csv << EOF
> $(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '),kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
> EOF
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat token.csv
3609f8980544889a3224dc8c57954976,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"

创建csr请求文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim kube-apiserver-csr.json
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube-apiserver-csr.json
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "192.168.3.60",
    "192.168.3.61",
    "192.168.3.62",
    "192.168.3.63",
    "192.168.3.64",
    "192.168.3.65",
    "10.255.0.1",
    "kubernetes",
    "kubernetes.default",
    "kubernetes.default.svc",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "system"
    }
  ]

[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

# 10.255.0.1 kubernetes 服务IP(预先分配,一般为svc地址中的第一个IP)
# svc.cluster.local  如果不想用这个也可以修改

生成证书

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-apiserver-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-apiserver
2022/02/21 12:16:40 [INFO] generate received request
2022/02/21 12:16:40 [INFO] received CSR
2022/02/21 12:16:40 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2022/02/21 12:16:40 [INFO] encoded CSR
2022/02/21 12:16:40 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 99077620124943441155416266615920435310043288274

创建api-server的配置文件 

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim kube-apiserver.conf
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube-apiserver.conf
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="
  --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,NodeRestriction,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota \
  --anonymous-auth=false \
  --bind-address=192.168.3.61 \
  --secure-port=6443 \
  --advertise-address=192.168.3.61 \
  --insecure-port=0 \
  --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC \
  --runtime-config=api/all=true \
  --enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.255.0.0/16 \
  --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv \
  --service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \
  --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver.pem  \
  --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver-key.pem \
  --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver.pem \
  --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver-key.pem \
  --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \
  --service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local \
  --etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
  --etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \
  --etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \
  --etcd-servers=https://192.168.3.61:2379,https://192.168.3.62:2379,https://192.168.3.63:2379 \
  --enable-swagger-ui=true \
  --allow-privileged=true \
  --apiserver-count=3 \
  --audit-log-maxage=30 \
  --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \
  --audit-log-maxsize=100 \
  --audit-log-path=/var/log/kube-apiserver-audit.log \
  --event-ttl=1h \
  --alsologtostderr=true \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \
  --v=4"

--logtostderr:启用日志

--v:日志等级

--log-dir:日志目录

--etcd-servers:etcd集群地址

--bind-address:监听地址

--secure-port:https安全端口

--advertise-address:集群通告地址

--allow-privileged:启用授权

--service-cluster-ip-range:Service虚拟IP地址段

--enable-admission-plugins:准入控制模块

--authorization-mode:认证授权,启用RBAC授权和节点自管理

--enable-bootstrap-token-auth:启用TLS bootstrap机制

--token-auth-file:bootstrap token文件

--service-node-port-range:Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围

--kubelet-client-xxx:apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书

--tls-xxx-file:apiserver https证书

--etcd-xxxfile:连接Etcd集群证书 –

-audit-log-xxx:审计日志

创建kube-apiserver 的systemd unit文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim  kube-apiserver.service
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=etcd.service
Wants=etcd.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure

[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

分发apiserver的证书、配置文件、systemd

修改另外节点的配置文件,master2和master3的apiserver.conf中的IP

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp kube-apiserver*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp token.csv /etc/kubernetes/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp  kube-apiserver.conf /etc/kubernetes/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp kube-apiserver.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-apiserver*.pem k8s-master2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
kube-apiserver-key.pem                                                                       100% 1679     1.7MB/s   00:00
kube-apiserver.pem                                                                           100% 1606     2.3MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-apiserver*.pem k8s-master3:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
kube-apiserver-key.pem                                                                       100% 1679     1.5MB/s   00:00
kube-apiserver.pem                                                                           100% 1606     2.1MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp token.csv kube-apiserver.conf k8s-master3:/etc/kubernetes/
token.csv                                                                                    100%   84    55.8KB/s   00:00
kube-apiserver.conf                                                                          100% 1610     1.9MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp token.csv kube-apiserver.conf k8s-master2:/etc/kubernetes/
token.csv                                                                                    100%   84    54.6KB/s   00:00
kube-apiserver.conf                                                                          100% 1610     1.7MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-apiserver.service k8s-master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
kube-apiserver.service                                                                       100%  280   268.9KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-apiserver.service k8s-master3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
kube-apiserver.service                                                                       100%  280   273.9KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

启动kube-apiserver

        三个节点都需要执行

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver
The unit files have no installation config (WantedBy, RequiredBy, Also, Alias
settings in the [Install] section, and DefaultInstance for template units).
This means they are not meant to be enabled using systemctl.
Possible reasons for having this kind of units are:
1) A unit may be statically enabled by being symlinked from another unit's
   .wants/ or .requires/ directory.
2) A unit's purpose may be to act as a helper for some other unit which has
   a requirement dependency on it.
3) A unit may be started when needed via activation (socket, path, timer,
   D-Bus, udev, scripted systemctl call, ...).
4) In case of template units, the unit is meant to be enabled with some
   instance name specified.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl start kube-apiserver
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl status kube-apiserver
● kube-apiserver.service - Kubernetes API Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service; static; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-02-21 12:39:09 CST; 13s ago
     Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
 Main PID: 147142 (kube-apiserver)
    Tasks: 12 (limit: 23502)
   Memory: 264.4M
   CGroup: /system.slice/kube-apiserver.service
           └─147142 /usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,NodeRestriction,LimitRanger,Se>

2月 21 12:39:13 k8s-master1 kube-apiserver[147142]: I0221 12:39:13.591795  147142 httplog.go:129] "HTTP" verb="GET" URI="/api/>
2月 21 12:39:13 k8s-master1 kube-apiserver[147142]: I0221 12:39:13.598945  147142 alloc.go:329] "

3.3.3 安装kubectl工具

Kubectl是客户端工具,操作k8s资源的,如增删改查等。

Kubectl操作资源的时候,默认先找KUBECONFIG,如果没有KUBECONFIG变量,那就会使用~/.kube/config

可以设置一个环境变量KUBECONFIG

[root@ xianchaomaster1 ~]# export KUBECONFIG =/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

这样在操作kubectl,就会自动加载KUBECONFIG来操作要管理哪个集群的k8s资源了

也可以按照下面方法

[root@ xianchaomaster1 ~]# cp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf ~/.kube/config

这样我们在执行kubectl,就会加载~/.kube/config文件操作k8s资源了

创建csr请求文件 

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim admin-csr.json
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat admin-csr.json
{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "system"
    }
  ]
}

生成证书

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
2022/02/21 12:53:07 [INFO] generate received request
2022/02/21 12:53:07 [INFO] received CSR
2022/02/21 12:53:07 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2022/02/21 12:53:07 [INFO] encoded CSR
2022/02/21 12:53:07 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 421998404594641165147193284791210831952845769831
2022/02/21 12:53:07 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp admin*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

创建kubeconfig配置文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.3.61:6443 --kubeconfig=kube.config
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube.config
apiVersion: v1
clusters:
- cluster:
    certificate-authority-data: LS0tLS1CRUdJTiBDRVJUSUZJQ0FURS0tLS0tCk1JSURtakNDQW9LZ0F3SUJBZ0lVYWZvMDZDNzNHS0J2SHB1aEwvK2FQVGI1TU93d0RRWUpLb1pJaHZjTkFRRUwKQlFBd1pURUxNQWtHQTFVRUJoTUNRMDR4RURBT0JnTlZCQWdUQjBKbGFXcHBibWN4RURBT0JnTlZCQWNUQjBKbAphV3BwYm1jeEREQUtCZ05WQkFvVEEyczRjekVQTUEwR0ExVUVDeE1HYzNsemRHVnRNUk13RVFZRFZRUURFd3ByCmRXSmxjbTVsZEdWek1CNFhEVEl5TURJeU1UQXlNVGN3TUZvWERUTXlNREl4T1RBeU1UY3dNRm93WlRFTE1Ba0cKQTFVRUJoTUNRMDR4RURBT0JnTlZCQWdUQjBKbGFXcHBibWN4RURBT0JnTlZCQWNUQjBKbGFXcHBibWN4RERBSwpCZ05WQkFvVEEyczRjekVQTUEwR0ExVUVDeE1HYzNsemRHVnRNUk13RVFZRFZRUURFd3ByZFdKbGNtNWxkR1Z6Ck1JSUJJakFOQmdrcWhraUc5dzBCQVFFRkFBT0NBUThBTUlJQkNnS0NBUUVBekZ0bTJ4dU5PV3dJalJpdVg0cmkKekhUbFd6R3B4Y1RNWUcySG03a3dnNlZPTDJQUzdwRG94OEtncHFNZHlQQStxTnpQMGtTM2NncDE0SGhGT3I4cgpSWjl1Y2EvZjJIaTJNZE8wMUExTWRnS01OMG95aFBweUg4aituMlFLNDJka05HMGJYcFN4TWwyWUxrbDlCeFBSCk85T2R0RHh6MGxVOWs5U0J3RXF4S3lQSCtqWUpjNVdhOHA5NlQrMFRnSlZsNExlOU9OR0RNV0JCRHFBWk54dGsKR0NqbmtET0NzQVorek9PM1BtMnl5RTFRRks3K1ZmVWZlaHdVTE9sSlhlUHE0V1BtY252aUdmQnV0akdsRXE1UwpSZ2IrVXhNeEZtU0R1RHIxVU1DOUFMYkdDemN2bUdTZDhBcjE1Z2dUVUk1WC9yYjlnLzltenZ3VnhUcUM4Uy9YCmR3SURBUUFCbzBJd1FEQU9CZ05WSFE4QkFmOEVCQU1DQVFZd0R3WURWUjBUQVFIL0JBVXdBd0VCL3pBZEJnTlYKSFE0RUZnUVVsVmdpMm5VNS9TUDVSSXRxVEtzVGtjcE1QN2t3RFFZSktvWklodmNOQVFFTEJRQURnZ0VCQUpsTAppcFJaRHVvdEtYMitiQTBuUU5aTndsYVZNdDRMK0k5TmZGOVBJWWhSYnhrQTlnMkcrYnVLNDJqYmtuck1yNDhFCmdxQVltWCtFMnUxMVZtcGFaVFNReUdYVVhZQ1RjYldXamVOaHRTb2ttMFhvUkkvK2dSNk5KTDFiYUVxWElXRWEKZXZYSmhTVzFLNUFVVDRCekZFUUVwTFlVNWdpT2tiZXdNTXdGRVJLVkV3YkFEVVdDUVFTWkxZNTZJQXRaN0Z4NwpNTHB6SWZvT0Eya24zbmc5RmhmZVNsb2dlN2txUXNjdUdlVTVmV29OMVdzYVpRS3U3b0NHM2tmQm53cVYvNktuCmgrNzFuRkpIN1B3a3FPdWZJaUNDNWxVWHlZWGw1ZE9qcEJWK0JpbUJuWEdzOHFJTEZyR2s5cllKVW9IWmcvN2EKcG9TSEp6cEp1aEFrZ05SM1BmOD0KLS0tLS1FTkQgQ0VSVElGSUNBVEUtLS0tLQo=
    server: https://192.168.3.61:6443
  name: kubernetes
contexts: null
current-context: ""
kind: Config
preferences: {}
users: null
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

设置客户端认证参数

--创建kubectl使用的用户admin,并指定了刚创建的证书和config

[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  kubectl config set-credentials admin --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin.pem --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/admin-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube.config
User "admin" set.

配置安全上下文

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config set-context kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=admin --kubeconfig=kube.config  #添加上下文
Context "kubernetes" created.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  kubectl config use-context kubernetes --kubeconfig=kube.config  #把刚添加的上下文设置成当前上下文,等同于切换上下文
Switched to context "kubernetes".
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# mkdir ~/.kube -p
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp kube.config ~/.kube/config
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes control plane is running at https://192.168.3.61:6443
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get ns
NAME              STATUS   AGE
default           Active   44m
kube-node-lease   Active   44m
kube-public       Active   44m
kube-system       Active   44m

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get componentstatuses
Warning: v1 ComponentStatus is deprecated in v1.19+
NAME                 STATUS      MESSAGE                                                                                        ERROR
controller-manager   Unhealthy   Get "https://127.0.0.1:10257/healthz": dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10257: connect: connection refused  
scheduler            Unhealthy   Get "https://127.0.0.1:10259/healthz": dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10259: connect: connection refused  
etcd-0               Healthy     {"health":"true","reason":""}                                                                 
etcd-1               Healthy     {"health":"true","reason":""}                                                                 
etcd-2               Healthy     {"health":"true","reason":""}                                                                 

复制kubectl配置

以后想用哪台机器管理集群,就把配置复制到哪里

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-master2 mkdir ~/.kube
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-master3 mkdir ~/.kube
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp ~/.kube/config k8s-master2:/root/.kube/
config                                                                                       100% 6200     6.4MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp ~/.kube/config k8s-master3:/root/.kube/
config                                                                                       100% 6200     3.4MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

设置自动补全命令

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# yum install -y bash-completion
安装:
 bash-completion                     noarch                     1:2.7-5.el8                     base                     274 k

已安装:
  bash-completion-1:2.7-5.el8.noarch

完毕!
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# source <(kubectl completion bash)
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

3.3.4 部署kube-controller-manager

创建csr请求文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube-controller-manager-csr.json
{
    "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "hosts": [
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.3.60",
      "192.168.3.61",
      "192.168.3.62",
      "192.168.3.63"
    ],
    "names": [
      {
        "C": "CN",
        "ST": "Beijing",
        "L": "Beijing",
        "O": "system:kube-controller-manager",
        "OU": "system"
      }
    ]
}

生成证书


[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager
2022/02/21 14:43:33 [INFO] generate received request
2022/02/21 14:43:33 [INFO] received CSR
2022/02/21 14:43:33 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2022/02/21 14:43:33 [INFO] encoded CSR
2022/02/21 14:43:33 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 496802849408140383404002518878408986795206976819
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

创建kube-controller-manager的kubeconfig


[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.3.61:6443 --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig   # 添加配置
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-controller-manager --client-certificate=kube-controller-manager.pem --client-key=kube-controller-manager-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig   #创建用户
User "system:kube-controller-manager" set.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager --cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-controller-manager --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig  #添加上下文 
Context "system:kube-controller-manager" created.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig  #切换上下文
Switched to context "system:kube-controller-manager".

创建配置文件kube-controller-manager.conf

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim kube-controller-manager.conf
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube-controller-manager.conf
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="
  --secure-port=10257 \
  --bind-address=127.0.0.1 \
  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.255.0.0/16 \
  --cluster-name=kubernetes \
  --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --allocate-node-cidrs=true \
  --cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/16 \
  --experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h \
  --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --leader-elect=true \
  --feature-gates=RotateKubeletServerCertificate=true \
  --controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner \
  --horizontal-pod-autoscaler-use-rest-clients=true \
  --horizontal-pod-autoscaler-sync-period=10s \
  --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-controller-manager.pem \
  --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-controller-manager-key.pem \
  --use-service-account-credentials=true \
  --alsologtostderr=true \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \
  --v=2"

创建systemd unit启动文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

分发配置

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp kube-controller-manager*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig kube-controller-manager.conf /etc/kubernetes/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp kube-controller-manager.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-controller-manager*.pem k8s-master2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
kube-controller-manager-key.pem                                                              100% 1675     1.6MB/s   00:00
kube-controller-manager.pem                                                                  100% 1517     1.5MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-controller-manager*.pem k8s-master3:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
kube-controller-manager-key.pem                                                              100% 1675   401.7KB/s   00:00
kube-controller-manager.pem                                                                  100% 1517     2.0MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig kube-controller-manager.conf k8s-master3:/etc/kubernetes/
kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig                                                           100% 6442     5.8MB/s   00:00
kube-controller-manager.conf                                                                 100% 1103     1.2MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig kube-controller-manager.conf k8s-master2:/etc/kubernetes/
kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig                                                           100% 6442     6.8MB/s   00:00
kube-controller-manager.conf                                                                 100% 1103     1.5MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-controller-manager.service k8s-master3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
kube-controller-manager.service                                                              100%  325   337.5KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-controller-manager.service k8s-master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
kube-controller-manager.service                                                              100%  325   260.6KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

启动服务

三个节点都要执行

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-controller-manager.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl status kube-controller-manager
● kube-controller-manager.service - Kubernetes Controller Manager
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-02-21 15:08:30 CST; 4s ago
     Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
 Main PID: 201388 (kube-controller)
    Tasks: 7 (limit: 23502)
   Memory: 22.2M
   CGroup: /system.slice/kube-controller-manager.service
           └─201388 /usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager --port=0 --secure-port=10252 --bind-address=127.0.0.1 --kubeconfig=>

2月 21 15:08:30 k8s-master1 kube-controller-manager[201388]: W0221 15:08:30.640107  201388 authentication.go:316] No authentic>
2月 21 15:08:30 k8s-master1 kube-controller-manager[201388]: W0221 15

Error: unknown flag: --horizontal-pod-autoscaler-use-rest-clients

1.23的kube-controller-manager不再支持这个参数。

kube-controller-manager.conf中去掉后重启即可

3.3.5 部署kube-scheduler组件

创建csr

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim kube-scheduler-csr.json
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube-scheduler-csr.json
{
    "CN": "system:kube-scheduler",
    "hosts": [
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.3.60",
      "192.168.3.61",
      "192.168.3.62",
      "192.168.3.63"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
      {
        "C": "CN",
        "ST": "Beijing",
        "L": "Beijing",
        "O": "system:kube-scheduler",
        "OU": "system"
      }
    ]
}

生成证书

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler
2022/02/21 15:21:14 [INFO] generate received request
2022/02/21 15:21:14 [INFO] received CSR
2022/02/21 15:21:14 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2022/02/21 15:21:14 [INFO] encoded CSR
2022/02/21 15:21:14 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 511389872259561079962075349736953558613113264353

创建kube-scheduler的kubeconfig


[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.3.61:6443 --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-scheduler --client-certificate=kube-scheduler.pem --client-key=kube-scheduler-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig
User "system:kube-scheduler" set.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config set-context system:kube-scheduler --cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-scheduler --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig
Context "system:kube-scheduler" created.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config use-context system:kube-scheduler --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig
Switched to context "system:kube-scheduler".
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

创建配置文件kube-scheduler.conf

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim kube-scheduler.conf
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube-scheduler.conf
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--address=127.0.0.1 \
--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \
--leader-elect=true \
--alsologtostderr=true \
--logtostderr=false \
--log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \
--v=2"

创建systemd unit服务启动文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim kube-scheduler.service
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

分发配置

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp kube-scheduler*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp kube-scheduler.kubeconfig kube-scheduler.conf /etc/kubernetes/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cp kube-scheduler.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# 
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-scheduler*.pem k8s-master2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
kube-scheduler-key.pem                                                                       100% 1679     1.5MB/s   00:00
kube-scheduler.pem                                                                           100% 1493     1.9MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-scheduler*.pem k8s-master3:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
kube-scheduler-key.pem                                                                       100% 1679     1.5MB/s   00:00
kube-scheduler.pem                                                                           100% 1493     1.4MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-scheduler.kubeconfig kube-scheduler.conf k8s-master2:/etc/kubernetes/
kube-scheduler.kubeconfig                                                                    100% 6378     5.4MB/s   00:00
kube-scheduler.conf                                                                          100%  209   248.9KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-scheduler.kubeconfig kube-scheduler.conf k8s-master3:/etc/kubernetes/
kube-scheduler.kubeconfig                                                                    100% 6378     4.5MB/s   00:00
kube-scheduler.conf                                                                          100%  209   284.2KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-scheduler.service k8s-master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
kube-scheduler.service                                                                       100%  293   192.4KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kube-scheduler.service k8s-master3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
kube-scheduler.service                                                                       100%  293   224.3KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

启动服务

三个节点都要执行

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-scheduler.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl start kube-scheduler
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# systemctl status kube-scheduler
● kube-scheduler.service - Kubernetes Scheduler
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-02-21 15:29:49 CST; 5s ago
     Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
 Main PID: 208525 (kube-scheduler)
    Tasks: 9 (limit: 23502)
   Memory: 13.8M
   CGroup: /system.slice/kube-scheduler.service
           └─208525 /usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler --address=127.0.0.1 --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig ->

2月 21 15:29:50 k8s-master1 kube-scheduler[208525]:     score: {}
2月 21 15:29:50 k8s-master1 kube-scheduler[208525]:   schedulerName: default-scheduler
2月 21 15:29:50 k8s-master1 kube-scheduler[208525]: ------------------------------------Configuration File Contents End Here-->
2月 21 15:29:50 k8s-master1 kube-scheduler[208525]: I0221 15:29:50.081000  208525 server.go:139] "Starting Kubernetes Schedule>
2月 21 15:29:50 k8s-master1 kube-scheduler[208525]: I0221 15:29:50.082408  208525 tlsconfig.go:200] "Loaded serving cert" cert>
2月 21 15:29:50 k8s-master1 kube-scheduler[208525]: I0221 15:29:50.082
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get componentstatuses
Warning: v1 ComponentStatus is deprecated in v1.19+
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE                         ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok
scheduler            Healthy   ok
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true","reason":""}
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true","reason":""}
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true","reason":""}

3.3.6 安装kubelet

创建kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(awk -F "," '{print $1}' /etc/kubernetes/token.csv)
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# echo $BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN
3609f8980544889a3224dc8c57954976
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.3.61:6443 --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig
User "kubelet-bootstrap" set.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config set-context default --cluster=kubernetes --user=kubelet-bootstrap --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig
Context "default" created.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig
Switched to context "default".
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubelet-bootstrap created
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

创建配置文件kubelet.json 

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim kubelet.json
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kubelet.json
{
  "kind": "KubeletConfiguration",
  "apiVersion": "kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1",
  "authentication": {
    "x509": {
      "clientCAFile": "/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
    },
    "webhook": {
      "enabled": true,
      "cacheTTL": "2m0s"
    },
    "anonymous": {
      "enabled": false
    }
  },
  "authorization": {
    "mode": "Webhook",
    "webhook": {
      "cacheAuthorizedTTL": "5m0s",
      "cacheUnauthorizedTTL": "30s"
    }
  },
  "address": "192.168.3.61",
  "port": 10250,
  "readOnlyPort": 10255,
  "cgroupDriver": "systemd",
  "hairpinMode": "promiscuous-bridge",
  "serializeImagePulls": false,
  "clusterDomain": "cluster.local.",
  "clusterDNS": ["10.255.0.2"]
}

 创建systemd unit 服务启动文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim kubelet.service
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet \
  --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig \
  --cert-dir=/etc/kubernetes/ssl \
  --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig \
  --config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.json \
  --network-plugin=cni \
  --pod-infra-container-image=kubernetes/pause \
  --alsologtostderr=true \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

分发kubelet相关配置

分发到node节点上

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node1 mkdir -p  /etc/kubernetes/ssl
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig kubelet.json k8s-node1:/etc/kubernetes/
kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig                                                                 100% 2102     1.4MB/s   00:00
kubelet.json                                                                                 100%  802     1.1MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp  ca.pem k8s-node1:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
ca.pem                                                                                       100% 1310     1.4MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp  kubelet.service k8s-node1:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
kubelet.service                                                                              100%  661   543.0KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node2 mkdir -p  /etc/kubernetes/ssl
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig kubelet.json k8s-node2:/etc/kubernetes/
kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig                                                                 100% 2102     1.6MB/s   00:00
kubelet.json                                                                                 100%  802   758.7KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp  ca.pem k8s-node2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/
ca.pem                                                                                       100% 1310     1.4MB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp  kubelet.service k8s-node2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
kubelet.service                                                                              100%  661   669.1KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

kubelete.json中的address改为各个节点的ip地址 ,需要修改一下

启动kubelet

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node1 mkdir -p  mkdir /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node2 mkdir -p  mkdir /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node1 systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node2 systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node1 systemctl enable kubelet
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node2 systemctl enable kubelet
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node1 systemctl start kubelet
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node2 systemctl start kubelet
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node1 systemctl status kubelet
● kubelet.service - Kubernetes Kubelet
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-02-21 17:49:20 CST; 26s ago
     Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
 Main PID: 19745 (kubelet)
    Tasks: 9 (limit: 23502)
   Memory: 18.5M
   CGroup: /system.slice/kubelet.service
           └─19745 /usr/local/bin/kubelet --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig --cert-dir=/etc/kubernetes/ssl --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig --config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.json --network-plugin=cni --pod-infra-container-image=kubernetes/pause --alsologtostderr=true --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2

如果pause镜像下载不下来可以手动下载

 docker pull kubernetes/pause 

批准CSR 请求 

node节点启动后会向主节点发送csr请求

批准前的状态时Pending

批准之后的状态是Approved,Issued

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE     SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           REQUESTEDDURATION   CONDITION
node-csr-4fb--zcCoK1VH6pv0VAGTAcLem23M2aVmNhIcnNOiA4   3m8s    kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   <none>              Pending
node-csr-u2keQxwL2xiDPiynMhH8LXidjWJzqapQ1c1Lbk1qwM0   4m14s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   <none>              Pending
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-4fb--zcCoK1VH6pv0VAGTAcLem23M2aVmNhIcnNOiA4
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-4fb--zcCoK1VH6pv0VAGTAcLem23M2aVmNhIcnNOiA4 approved
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE     SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           REQUESTEDDURATION   CONDITION
node-csr-4fb--zcCoK1VH6pv0VAGTAcLem23M2aVmNhIcnNOiA4   3m58s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   <none>              Approved,Issued
node-csr-u2keQxwL2xiDPiynMhH8LXidjWJzqapQ1c1Lbk1qwM0   5m4s    kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   <none>              Pending
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-u2keQxwL2xiDPiynMhH8LXidjWJzqapQ1c1Lbk1qwM0
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-u2keQxwL2xiDPiynMhH8LXidjWJzqapQ1c1Lbk1qwM0 approved
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE     SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           REQUESTEDDURATION   CONDITION
node-csr-4fb--zcCoK1VH6pv0VAGTAcLem23M2aVmNhIcnNOiA4   4m15s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   <none>              Approved,Issued
node-csr-u2keQxwL2xiDPiynMhH8LXidjWJzqapQ1c1Lbk1qwM0   5m21s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   <none>              Approved,Issued
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME        STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-node1   NotReady   <none>   26s   v1.23.4
k8s-node2   NotReady   <none>   7s    v1.23.4
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

3.3.7 部署kube-proxy

创建csr

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim kube-proxy-csr.json
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube-proxy-csr.json
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "system"
    }
  ]
}

生成证书

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
2022/02/21 18:07:42 [INFO] generate received request
2022/02/21 18:07:42 [INFO] received CSR
2022/02/21 18:07:42 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2022/02/21 18:07:42 [INFO] encoded CSR
2022/02/21 18:07:42 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 298500625905303109270540321044842803643449440335
2022/02/21 18:07:42 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").

创建kubeconfig文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.3.61:6443 --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy --client-certificate=kube-proxy.pem --client-key=kube-proxy-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
User "kube-proxy" set.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  kubectl config set-context default --cluster=kubernetes --user=kube-proxy --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
Context "default" created.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
Switched to context "default".
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

创建kube-proxy配置文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim kube-proxy.yaml
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube-proxy.yaml
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 192.168.3.64
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
clusterCIDR: 192.168.3.0/24
healthzBindAddress: 192.168.3.64:10256
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
metricsBindAddress: 192.168.3.64:10249
mode: "ipvs"

每个节点的IP都需要修改  bindAddress healthzBindAddress metricsBindAddress

创建systemd unit服务启动文件 

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# vim kube-proxy.service
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-proxy \
  --config=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.yaml \
  --alsologtostderr=true \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \
  --v=2
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


分发配置

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp  kube-proxy.kubeconfig kube-proxy.yaml k8s-node1:/etc/kubernetes/
kube-proxy.kubeconfig                                                                        100% 6206     5.6MB/s   00:00
kube-proxy.yaml                                                                              100%  290   490.2KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp  kube-proxy.kubeconfig kube-proxy.yaml k8s-node2:/etc/kubernetes/
kube-proxy.kubeconfig                                                                        100% 6206     4.7MB/s   00:00
kube-proxy.yaml                                                                              100%  290   390.5KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp  kube-proxy.service k8s-node1:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
kube-proxy.service                                                                           100%  440   373.8KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# scp  kube-proxy.service k8s-node2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
kube-proxy.service                                                                           100%  440   376.3KB/s   00:00
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

切记修改kube-proxy.yaml中的IP

启动kube-proxy

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node1 mkdir -p /var/lib/kube-proxy
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node2 mkdir -p /var/lib/kube-proxy
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node1 systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# ssh k8s-node2 systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  ssh k8s-node1 systemctl enable kube-proxy
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-proxy.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  ssh k8s-node2 systemctl enable kube-proxy
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-proxy.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service.
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  ssh k8s-node1 systemctl  start kube-proxy
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  ssh k8s-node2 systemctl  start kube-proxy
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#  ssh k8s-node1 systemctl  status kube-proxy
● kube-proxy.service - Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-02-21 18:19:22 CST; 10s ago
     Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
 Main PID: 24165 (kube-proxy)
    Tasks: 7 (limit: 23502)
   Memory: 12.8M
   CGroup: /system.slice/kube-proxy.service
           └─24165 /usr/local/bin/kube-proxy --config=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.yaml --alsologtostderr=true --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2

2月 21 18:19:22 k8s-node1 kube-proxy[24165]: I0221 18:19:22.712726   24165 server.go:656] "Version info" version="v1.23.4"
2月 21 18:19:22 k8s-node1 kube-proxy[24165]: I0221 18:19:22.715301   24165 conntrack.go:100] "Set sysctl" entry="net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_max" value=131072

3.3.8 安装calico网络插件

下载calico.yaml并修改内容,如下图红框内容,否则启动会报错

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml
--2022-02-21 18:46:03--  https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml
正在解析主机 docs.projectcalico.org (docs.projectcalico.org)... 54.255.56.197, 52.220.244.242, 2406:da18:880:3802:371c:4bf1:923b:fc30, ...
正在连接 docs.projectcalico.org (docs.projectcalico.org)|54.255.56.197|:443... 已连接。
GnuTLS: 资源临时不可用,请重试。
GnuTLS: 资源临时不可用,请重试。
GnuTLS: 资源临时不可用,请重试。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:217523 (212K) [text/yaml]
正在保存至: “calico.yaml”

calico.yaml                     100%[======================================================>] 212.42K   691KB/s  用时 0.3s

2022-02-21 18:46:04 (691 KB/s) - 已保存 “calico.yaml” [217523/217523])

由于calico自身网络发现机制有问题,因为需要修改 calico使用的物理网卡,ens160为自己机器的网卡,支持正则,还有修改后面CALICO_IPV4POOL_CIDR,不能与初始值“192.168.0.0/16”相同。需要可kube-controller-manager中 --cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/16相同

name: IP_AUTODETECTION_METHOD

value: "interface=ens33

否则会报错:

calico/node is not ready: BIRD is not ready: Failed to stat() nodename file: stat /var/lib/calico/nodename: no such file or directory

 验证calico插件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
configmap/calico-config created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/bgpconfigurations.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/bgppeers.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/blockaffinities.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/caliconodestatuses.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/clusterinformations.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/felixconfigurations.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/globalnetworkpolicies.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/globalnetworksets.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/hostendpoints.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ipamblocks.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ipamconfigs.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ipamhandles.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ippools.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ipreservations.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/kubecontrollersconfigurations.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/networkpolicies.crd.projectcalico.org created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/networksets.crd.projectcalico.org created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-kube-controllers created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-kube-controllers created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-node created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-node created
daemonset.apps/calico-node created
serviceaccount/calico-node created
deployment.apps/calico-kube-controllers created
serviceaccount/calico-kube-controllers created
Warning: policy/v1beta1 PodDisruptionBudget is deprecated in v1.21+, unavailable in v1.25+; use policy/v1 PodDisruptionBudget
poddisruptionbudget.policy/calico-kube-controllers created
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pod -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                                       READY   STATUS              RESTARTS      AGE
kube-system   calico-kube-controllers-566dc76669-jclvt   0/1     ContainerCreating   0             4s
kube-system   calico-node-m4d2j                          0/1     PodInitializing     0             5s
kube-system   calico-node-qxrm9                          0/1     Running             0             5s
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pod -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                                       READY   STATUS             RESTARTS      AGE
kube-system   calico-kube-controllers-566dc76669-jclvt   1/1     Running            0             11s
kube-system   calico-node-m4d2j                          1/1     Running            0             12s
kube-system   calico-node-qxrm9                          1/1     Running            0             12s
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME        STATUS   ROLES    AGE    VERSION
k8s-node1   Ready    <none>   148m   v1.23.4
k8s-node2   Ready    <none>   147m   v1.23.4

3.3.9 安装dns

复制yaml内容

kubernetes/coredns.yaml.sed at master · kubernetes/kubernetes · GitHub

 从上面网址中复制内容到yaml文件,修改其中一下几个位置

  • clusterIP: $DNS_SERVER_IP的IP,这个IP和kubelet.json中的"clusterDNS": ["10.255.0.2"]对应
  • $DNS_DOMAIN 和apiserver里的host中的域名对应   cluster.local
  • memory: $DNS_MEMORY_LIMIT  随便写一个大于下面的70Mi就行,这里我加了100写的170Mi
  • image:k8s.gcr.io/coredns/coredns:v1.8.6 改成 image: coredns/coredns:1.8.6  源地址访问不到需要用镜像加速,之前安装docker的时候已经配置过了
[root@k8s-master1 addons]# vim coredns.yaml
... ...

 Corefile: |
    .:53 {
        errors
        health {
            lameduck 5s
        }
        ready
        #kubernetes $DNS_DOMAIN in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa {
        kubernetes cluster.local in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa {
            pods insecure
            fallthrough in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa
            ttl 30
        }

... ...

 - name: coredns
        image: coredns/coredns:1.8.6
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        resources:
          limits:
            #memory: $DNS_MEMORY_LIMIT
            memory: 170Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 70Mi
        args: [ "-conf", "/etc/coredns/Corefile" ]

... ...

spec:
  selector:
    k8s-app: kube-dns
  #clusterIP: $DNS_SERVER_IP
  clusterIP: 10.255.0.2
  ports:
  - name: dns

[root@k8s-master1 addons]# kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml
serviceaccount/coredns created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:coredns created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:coredns created
configmap/coredns created
deployment.apps/coredns created
service/kube-dns created

验证coredns

[root@k8s-master1 addons]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system
NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
calico-kube-controllers-566dc76669-jclvt   1/1     Running   0          50m
calico-node-m4d2j                          1/1     Running   0          50m
calico-node-qxrm9                          1/1     Running   0          50m
coredns-648769df8c-jzpj9                   1/1     Running   0          4s
[root@k8s-master1 addons]# kubectl get svc -n kube-system
NAME       TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
kube-dns   ClusterIP   10.255.0.2   <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   14s
[root@k8s-master1 addons]# kubectl run busybox --image busybox --restart=Never --rm -it busybox -- sh
If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter.
/ # ping www.baidu.com
PING www.baidu.com (39.156.66.14): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 39.156.66.14: seq=0 ttl=52 time=10.728 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.14: seq=1 ttl=52 time=11.678 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.14: seq=2 ttl=52 time=11.675 ms
^C
--- www.baidu.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 10.728/11.360/11.678 ms
/ # exit
pod "busybox" deleted
[root@k8s-master1 addons]#

四、安装dashboard

 4.1 下载yaml文件

官网地址

kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard at release-1.23 · kubernetes/kubernetes · GitHub

下载dashboard.yaml,新增type: NodePort  默认为clusterIP 没法外部访问

4.2 部署dashboard

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f dashboard.yaml
namespace/kubernetes-dashboard created
serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/kubernetes-dashboard created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-csrf created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder created
configmap/kubernetes-dashboard-settings created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get pod,svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/dashboard-metrics-scraper-546d6779cb-bzmt5   1/1     Running   0          2m47s
pod/kubernetes-dashboard-6fdf56b6fd-flb8p        1/1     Running   0          2m47s

NAME                                TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.255.235.211   <none>        8000/TCP        2m47s
service/kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.255.41.10     <none>        443:36261/TCP   2m47s

4.3 访问

通过访问node节点地址加上映射的端口访问,我们可以看到,映射的端口为36261,所以访问地址可以使用https://192.168.3.64:36261

进入登录界面,有两种登录模式

 这个token可以通过kubectl命令获取到,获取命令如下

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl get secrets -n kubernetes-dashboard
NAME                               TYPE                                  DATA   AGE
default-token-sw2mp                kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      11m
kubernetes-dashboard-certs         Opaque                                0      11m
kubernetes-dashboard-csrf          Opaque                                1      11m
kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder    Opaque                                2      11m
kubernetes-dashboard-token-79f29   kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      11m
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl describe secrets kubernetes-dashboard-token-79f29 -n kubernetes-dashboard
Name:         kubernetes-dashboard-token-79f29
Namespace:    kubernetes-dashboard
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: kubernetes-dashboard
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 57d21ea0-1328-495a-8f8c-35aa62576d2f

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
ca.crt:     1310 bytes
namespace:  20 bytes
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjFPZkR5UU5GbTZ4dHhzZlFScFJ4OFJsanQxQnowUjR2OVphd01ORUM1VE0ifQ.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.DR98MAAaMSJ1ZeLHFoaDowSukn5UNEGBPrCU1ojpdtqQwqGkx4bFh4bVPdvFguLOZBcExd0RetxE8YtBV2YYBYhRy-6wmXrfNal6kb3ZUS_skjbVFV87XIxO7qdXLjDRWxjjIMIf9K75QDXg0y5-BUGb1_rwPPC9C4dGCGy-CZ1S7SSXASU77Jh4Be0FL9ncH0p5mvij-48A9Nmw5na6Iz12v1SasfwmE_Qd_DqqUv4q0kijB6sqkgN__vsSwKtTkcCtjxgcZjLrtwCIwTpTWCaQPTbnoF-a7jgxpHtNDHYN-Xs33iiBrN-h4uw-9LPTzYBjhZTkuioCRnsFdIsB6g

最后一行token值就是登录所需token,登录上来会发现什么都看不了,右上角还提示信息

namespaces is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:kubernetes-dashboard:kubernetes-dashboard" cann

原因是因为dashboard.yaml中自带的用户权限分配比较小,为了方便学习,我们直接创建个管理员权限用户

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cat dashboard-rbac.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: dashboard-admin
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: dashboard-admin
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: dashboard-admin
    namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

[root@k8s-master1 ~]#
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl apply -f dashboard-rbac.yaml
serviceaccount/dashboard-admin unchanged
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/dashboard-admin created
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# kubectl -n kube-system describe secrets dashboard-admin-token-bfvth
Name:         dashboard-admin-token-bfvth
Namespace:    kube-system
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: dashboard-admin
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: ddf016a0-65e5-43ba-ace8-d76c4de9dbe1

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
ca.crt:     1310 bytes
namespace:  11 bytes
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjFPZkR5UU5GbTZ4dHhzZlFScFJ4OFJsanQxQnowUjR2OVphd01ORUM1VE0ifQ.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.xUSvtoDiEl3sFJPNQlMTcLHdt8yBwyzQY1SrN52t36b_cRQNyHQdTj0cex9HCWDRPuYAjVtk9nTDRnzbe6swhfjwuwDU4Dx79CwP_rOOgN8dxAXIpU-5Q3wCMNsteSic9bGOlzI8BrXXMUzXmnhqIvbjIx9hxI1o_jencr-2Zq3AjRZfNnFqBtkGWqToB0sBRgRfpzNpaaittxbFzaZQELro8jcvmpExmEXUtBtN186ojGljKsa0lJQGh8ToKBvd9ib9ee_nQ3F2p8Hv8mMpR8910jhAr8egaPgbGr637T90oI4qzq3JYFgSDB4sOSU-JLVGE2El3vWIawYAuo3Efw

使用如上token,在重新登录一下,已经可以看到内容,关于rbac细致的权限控制这里先不赘述 

五、配置高可用

关于高可用其实有很多种方案,比如:

  • 云厂商的负载均衡:如阿里云SLB
  • 硬件负载均衡器:如F5设备
  • haproxy 等

本次使用nginx+keepalived的方式实现apiserver接口的高可用,我们选用master1和master2两个节点来作为对外负载

5.1 安装nginx和keepalived

master1和master2两台机器上均需要安装

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# yum install nginx keepalived
上次元数据过期检查:1:38:26 前,执行于 2022年02月22日 星期二 08时18分41秒。
依赖关系解决。
===============================================================================================================================
 软件包                               架构            版本                                            仓库                大小
===============================================================================================================================
安装:
 keepalived                           x86_64          2.1.5-6.el8                                     AppStream          537 k
 nginx                                x86_64          1:1.14.1-9.module_el8.0.0+184+e34fea82          AppStream          570 k
安装依赖关系:

 。。。 。。。

完毕!
[root@k8s-master1 ~]#

修改nginx配置文件,新增框中内容,两个都需要修改

 修改完之后执行一下检查命令


[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

 修改keepalived配置和nginx检查脚本

[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]# cat keepalived.conf
global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id NGINX_MASTER
}

vrrp_script check_nginx {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh"
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER  # 主
    interface ens160  # 修改为实际网卡名
    virtual_router_id 20 # VRRP 路由 ID实例,每个实例是唯一的
    priority 100    # 优先级,备服务器设置 90
    advert_int 1    # 指定VRRP 心跳包通告间隔时间,默认1秒
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    # 虚拟IP
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.3.60/24
    }
    track_script {
        check_nginx
    }
}

[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]# cat check_nginx.sh
#!/bin/bash
count=$(ps -ef |grep nginx | grep sbin | egrep -cv "grep|$$")
if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
    systemctl stop keepalived
fi

[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]#

5.2 启动并验证

两台均需启动

[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]# chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh
[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]# yum install nginx-mod-stream
上次元数据过期检查:3:07:42 前,执行于 2022年02月22日 星期二 07时09分15秒。
软件包 nginx-mod-stream-1:1.14.1-9.module_el8.0.0+184+e34fea82.x86_64 已安装。
依赖关系解决。
无需任何处理。
完毕!
[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]# systemctl start nginx
[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]#  systemctl enable nginx keepalived
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/keepalived.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service.

查看vip绑定信息,已经绑定到主节点上

[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:32:f6:ad brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.3.62/24 brd 192.168.3.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.3.60/24 scope global secondary ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe32:f6ad/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default
    link/ether 02:42:b1:a7:77:5e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

测试停止主节点nginx,vip已经不再此节点了

[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]# systemctl stop nginx
[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:32:f6:ad brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.3.62/24 brd 192.168.3.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe32:f6ad/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default
    link/ether 02:42:b1:a7:77:5e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@k8s-master2 keepalived]#

另外一个节点查看ip,已经过来了

[root@k8s-master1 keepalived]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:70:3e:4f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.3.61/24 brd 192.168.3.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.3.60/24 scope global secondary ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe70:3e4f/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default
    link/ether 02:42:97:be:37:5b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@k8s-master1 keepalived]#

5.3 修改所有k8s指向apiserver的地址到vip

目前所有的Node组件连接都还是k8s-master1,如果不改为连接VIP走负载均衡器,那么Master还是单点故障,所以需要把原来192.168.3.61修改为192.168.3.60(VIP)。

在所有Worker Node执行:

[root@k8s-node1 ~]#  sed -i 's#192.168.3.61:6443#192.168.3.60:16443#' /etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-node1 ~]#  sed -i 's#192.168.3.61:6443#192.168.3.60:16443#' /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.json
[root@k8s-node1 ~]#  sed -i 's#192.168.3.61:6443#192.168.3.60:16443#' /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-node1 ~]#  sed -i 's#192.168.3.61:6443#192.168.3.60:16443#' /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.yaml
[root@k8s-node1 ~]#  sed -i 's#192.168.3.61:6443#192.168.3.60:16443#' /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl restart kubelet kube-proxy
[root@k8s-node1 ~]#

至此 大功告成 欢迎留言 欢迎指导

  • 0
    点赞
  • 18
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 4
    评论
Kubernetesk8s)是一种开源的容器集群管理系统,它负责自动化容器的部署、扩展和管理。在使用 Kubernetes 的过程中,其中一种安装方式是使用二进制文件进行安装,下面将简要介绍 k8s v1.23.9 的二进制安装步骤。 首先,下载 Kubernetes v1.23.9 的二进制文件到相关机器上。可以在 Kubernetes 的 Github Release 页面中选择对应的版本下载,或者通过工具下载命令进行下载: ``` $ curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/v1.23.9/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz" ``` 接着,解压缩 Kubernetes二进制文件: ``` $ tar -xvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz ``` 进入解压缩后的目录,拷贝 kubelet、kubeadm 和 kubectl 这三个二进制文件到 /usr/local/bin 目录中,以确保这些命令可以在任何目录下直接执行: ``` $ cd kubernetes $ sudo cp kubelet kubeadm kubectl /usr/local/bin/ ``` 为了使用 kubeadm 进行 Kubernetes 的初始化,需要在其中一台机器上创建一个初始化的配置文件 kubeadm.yaml。这个配置文件中需要指定 Kubernetes 的服务 IP 段,DNS 服务 IP、Kubernetes 集群的每个节点的 IP 等信息。根据需求进行配置后,可以通过以下命令初始化 Kubernetes 集群: ``` $ sudo kubeadm init --config=kubeadm.yaml ``` 安装完成后,可以通过以下命令检查集群状态: ``` $ sudo kubectl cluster-info ``` 以上是 Kubernetes v1.23.9 的二进制安装过程,需要注意的是,二进制安装需要手动管理 Kubernetes 组件的版本更新和升级,因此不适合大规模的生产环境使用。

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论 4
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值