反射
什么是反射?
反射就是通过获取类的字节码文件对象:Class
创建该类的实例(通过构造方法:Constroctor类),调用成员方法(Method类),
给成员变量赋值(Field类)
反射的应用
ArrayList<String> 如何存储Integer类型
将某个类的全限定名称作为一个配置文件去使用
className = com.test.test1
jdk动态代理--反射实现的- InvocationHandler代理处理程序
反射的基本使用
通过Class获取Constructor 构造方法
public Constructor<?>[] getConstructors()
获取当前类中所有的公共的构造方法
public Constructor[] getDeclaredConstructors()
获取当前类中所有的构造方法: 公共的 私有的 默认的 受保护的
public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
获取指定的公共的构造方法
参数parameterTypes 可变参数 里面相当于数组
参数是当前的字节码文件Class
public Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
获取指定的构造方法
参数parameterTypes 可变参数 里面相当于数组
参数是当前的字节码文件Class
public void setAccessible(boolean flag):参数为true,取消java语言访问检查
public T newInstance() 直接创建该类实例
代码实现过程
package com. reflect_01;
import java. lang. reflect. Constructor;
public class ReflectDemo {
public static void main ( String[ ] args) throws Exception {
Class c = Class. forName ( "com.reflect_01.Person" ) ;
Constructor con = c. getDeclaredConstructor (
String. class , int . class , String. class ) ;
con. setAccessible ( true ) ;
Object obj = con. newInstance ( "弟弟" , 20 , "地球" ) ;
System. out. println ( obj) ;
}
}
通过Class获取Method 成员方法
public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
获取指定的方法
public Method getMethod(String name,Class<?>... parameterTypes)
获取公共的成员方法
参数1: 方法名
参数2: 当前如果该方法有形式参数
public Method[] getDeclaredMethods()
获取所有的方法:仅限本类中的,不包括继承的
public Method[] getMethods()
获取所有的公共的成员方法: 不仅有本类的还有继承的
对指定成员方法进行调用,
public Object invoke(Object obj, Object... args)
参数1: 当前类的实例
参数2: 类的形式参数
public T newInstance() 直接创建该类实例
代码实现过程
package com. reflect_02;
import java. lang. reflect. Constructor;
import java. lang. reflect. Method;
@SuppressWarnings ( "all" )
public class ReflectDemo3 {
public static void main ( String[ ] args) throws Exception {
Class c = Class. forName ( "com.reflect_01.Person" ) ;
Constructor con = c. getConstructor ( ) ;
Object obj = con. newInstance ( ) ;
Method m = c. getMethod ( "show" ) ;
m. invoke ( obj) ;
System. out. println ( "---------------" ) ;
Method m2 = c. getMethod ( "method" , int . class ) ;
Object object = m2. invoke ( obj, 100 ) ;
System. out. println ( object) ;
System. out. println ( "---------------" ) ;
Method m3 = c. getDeclaredMethod ( "function" , String. class ) ;
m3. setAccessible ( true ) ;
m3. invoke ( obj, "hello,world" ) ;
}
}
通过Class获取Field 成员变量
public Field[] getDeclaredFields()获取所有的字段
public Field[] getFields()获取所有的公共的字段
public void setAccessible(boolean flag):参数为true,取消java语言访问检查
赋值: 如果获取所有的字段,赋值之前需要取消java语言访问检查
public void set(Object obj, Object value)
参数1: 当前Person类的实例
参数2: 给当前成员字段"name"设置的内容
public T newInstance() 直接创建该类实例
代码实现过程
package com. reflect_02;
import java. lang. reflect. Constructor;
import java. lang. reflect. Field;
@SuppressWarnings ( "all" )
public class ReflectDemo2 {
public static void main ( String[ ] args) throws Exception {
Class c = Class. forName ( "com.reflect_01.Person" ) ;
Constructor con = c. getConstructor ( ) ;
Object obj = con. newInstance ( ) ;
Field fields = c. getDeclaredField ( "name" ) ;
fields. setAccessible ( true ) ;
fields. set ( obj, "弟弟" ) ;
System. out. println ( obj) ;
System. out. println ( "----------" ) ;
Field fields2 = c. getDeclaredField ( "address" ) ;
fields2. setAccessible ( true ) ;
fields2. set ( obj, "西安" ) ;
System. out. println ( obj) ;
System. out. println ( "-------------" ) ;
}
}
反射应用
如何将反射应用在配置文件中
package com. qianfeng. reflect_03;
import java. io. FileReader;
import java. io. Reader;
import java. lang. reflect. Method;
import java. util. Properties;
@SuppressWarnings ( "all" )
public class Test {
public static void main ( String[ ] args) throws Exception {
Properties prop = new Properties ( ) ;
Reader r = new FileReader ( "class.txt" ) ;
prop. load ( r) ;
r. close ( ) ;
System. out. println ( prop) ;
String className = prop. getProperty ( "className" ) ;
String methodName = prop. getProperty ( "methondName" ) ;
Class c = Class. forName ( className) ;
Object obj = c. newInstance ( ) ;
Method m = c. getMethod ( "love" ) ;
m. invoke ( obj) ;
}
}
package com. reflect_03;
public class Student {
public void love ( ) {
System. out. println ( "Student love..." ) ;
}
}
package com. reflect_03;
public class worker {
public void love ( ) {
System. out. println ( "Worker love..." ) ;
}
}
如何读取src目录下的properties配置文件
package com. qianfeng. reflect_03;
import java. io. InputStream;
import java. lang. reflect. Method;
import java. util. Properties;
public class Test2 {
public static void main ( String[ ] args) throws Exception {
ClassLoader classLoader = Test2. class . getClassLoader ( ) ;
InputStream inputStream = classLoader. getResourceAsStream (
"class.properties" ) ;
Properties prop = new Properties ( ) ;
prop. load ( inputStream) ;
String className = prop. getProperty ( "className" ) ;
String methodName = prop. getProperty ( "methondName" ) ;
Class c = Class. forName ( className) ;
Object obj = c. newInstance ( ) ;
Method m = c. getMethod ( methodName) ;
m. invoke ( obj) ;
}
}
如何给ArrayList 加入Integer类型
package com. reflect_03;
import java. lang. reflect. Method;
import java. util. ArrayList;
@SuppressWarnings ( "all" )
public class Test3 {
public static void main ( String[ ] args) throws Exception {
ArrayList< Integer> array = new ArrayList < Integer> ( ) ;
array. add ( 10 ) ;
array. add ( 20 ) ;
Class c = array. getClass ( ) ;
System. out. println ( c) ;
Method m = c. getMethod ( "add" , Object. class ) ;
m. invoke ( array, "hello" ) ;
System. out. println ( array) ;
}
}
通过反射技术实现动态代理(JDK动态代理)
import java. lang. reflect. InvocationHandler;
import java. lang. reflect. Proxy;
public class Test {
public static void main ( String[ ] args) {
UserDao ud = new UserDaoImpl ( ) ;
InvocationHandler my = new MyInvocationHandler ( ud) ;
UserDao ud3 = ( UserDao) Proxy. newProxyInstance ( ud. getClass ( ) . getClassLoader ( ) ,
ud. getClass ( ) . getInterfaces ( ) , my) ;
ud3. add ( ) ;
ud3. delete ( ) ;
ud3. search ( ) ;
ud3. update ( ) ;
}
}
import java. lang. reflect. InvocationHandler;
import java. lang. reflect. Method;
public class MyInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler {
private Object target;
public MyInvocationHandler ( Object target) {
this . target = target;
}
@Override
public Object invoke ( Object proxy, Method method, Object[ ] args)
throws Throwable {
System. out. println ( "权限校验--代理" ) ;
Object obj = method. invoke ( target, args) ;
System. out. println ( "产生日志记录文件--代理" ) ;
return obj;
}
}
public interface UserDao {
void add ( ) ;
void delete ( ) ;
void search ( ) ;
void update ( ) ;
}
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
@Override
public void add ( ) {
System. out. println ( "增" ) ;
}
@Override
public void delete ( ) {
System. out. println ( "删" ) ;
}
@Override
public void search ( ) {
System. out. println ( "查" ) ;
}
@Override
public void update ( ) {
System. out. println ( "改" ) ;
}
}