2022-2-3 牛客C++项目 —— 读写锁

/*
读写锁的类型 pthread_rwlock_t
int pthread_rwlock_init(pthread_rwlock_t *restrict rwlock, const pthread_rwlockattr_t *restrict attr);
int pthread_rwlock_destroy(pthread_rwlock_t *rwlock);
int pthread_rwlock_rdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *rwlock);
int pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *rwlock);
int pthread_rwlock_wrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *rwlock);
int pthread_rwlock_trywrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *rwlock);
int pthread_rwlock_unlock(pthread_rwlock_t *rwlock);

案例：创建8个线程，操作同一个全局变量
3个线程不定时的写一个全局变量，5个线程不定时的写一个全局变量

*/

#include<stdio.h>
#include<pthread.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
//创建一个共享数据
int num = 1;
void*writeNum(void*arg){
    while (1)
    {
        ++num;
        printf("++write, tid : %ld ,num : %d .\n",pthread_self(),num);
        usleep(100);
    }
    
    return NULL;
}
void*readNum(void*arg){
    while (1)
    {
        
        printf("read, tid : %ld ,num : %d .\n",pthread_self(),num);
        usleep(100);
    }
    return NULL;
}
int main(void){
    pthread_t wtids[3],rtids[5];
    //创建线程
    for(int i = 0;i <3;i++){
        pthread_create(&wtids[i],NULL,writeNum,NULL);
    }
     for(int i = 0;i <5;i++){
        pthread_create(&rtids[i],NULL,readNum,NULL);
    }
    
    //设置线程分离
    for(int i = 0;i <3;i++){
        pthread_detach(wtids[i]);
    }
    for(int i = 0;i <5;i++){
        pthread_detach(rtids[i]);
    }
    pthread_exit(NULL);

    return 0;


}

看进程的输出，还没有写道 20952 就读到了 20952，这个是为什么呢？

使用互斥量对申请使用临界区的线程上锁

#include<stdio.h>
#include<pthread.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
//创建一个共享数据
int num = 1;
pthread_mutex_t mutex;
void*writeNum(void*arg){
    while (1)
    {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        ++num;
        printf("++write, tid : %ld ,num : %d .\n",pthread_self(),num);
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
        usleep(100);
    }
    
    return NULL;
}
void*readNum(void*arg){
    while (1)
    {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        printf("read, tid : %ld ,num : %d .\n",pthread_self(),num);
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
        usleep(100);
    }
    return NULL;
}
int main(void){
    //初始化互斥锁
    pthread_mutex_init(&mutex,NULL);

    pthread_t wtids[3],rtids[5];
    //创建线程
    for(int i = 0;i <3;i++){
        pthread_create(&wtids[i],NULL,writeNum,NULL);
    }
     for(int i = 0;i <5;i++){
        pthread_create(&rtids[i],NULL,readNum,NULL);
    }
    
    //设置线程分离
    for(int i = 0;i <3;i++){
        pthread_detach(wtids[i]);
    }
    for(int i = 0;i <5;i++){
        pthread_detach(rtids[i]);
    }
    pthread_exit(NULL);

     pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
    return 0;


}

执行没有问题但是不够高效。

使用读写锁试一试

#include<stdio.h>
#include<pthread.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
//创建一个共享数据
int num = 1;
//pthread_mutex_t mutex;
pthread_rwlock_t rwlock;
void*writeNum(void*arg){
    while (1)
    {
     //   pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        pthread_rwlock_wrlock(&rwlock);
        ++num;
        printf("++write, tid : %ld ,num : %d .\n",pthread_self(),num);
      //  pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
        pthread_rwlock_unlock(&rwlock);
        usleep(100);
    }
    
    return NULL;
}
void*readNum(void*arg){
    while (1)
    {
        //pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
        pthread_rwlock_rdlock(&rwlock);
        printf("read, tid : %ld ,num : %d .\n",pthread_self(),num);
       // pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
       pthread_rwlock_unlock(&rwlock);
        usleep(100);
    }
    return NULL;
}
int main(void){
    //初始化互斥锁
  //  pthread_mutex_init(&mutex,NULL);
    pthread_rwlock_init(&rwlock,NULL);
    pthread_t wtids[3],rtids[5];
    //创建线程
    for(int i = 0;i <3;i++){
        pthread_create(&wtids[i],NULL,writeNum,NULL);
    }
     for(int i = 0;i <5;i++){
        pthread_create(&rtids[i],NULL,readNum,NULL);
    }
    
    //设置线程分离
    for(int i = 0;i <3;i++){
        pthread_detach(wtids[i]);
    }
    for(int i = 0;i <5;i++){
        pthread_detach(rtids[i]);
    }
    pthread_exit(NULL);

    //  pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
     pthread_rwlock_destroy(&rwlock);

    return 0;
}