c++ 读写锁

个人总结与备忘记录，参考链接也放在代码里了。

sharedmutex.h

#include <iostream>
#include <mutex>
#include <shared_mutex> //shared_mutex shared_lock
#include <thread>

/*
读写锁(C++17 起)
参考链接
https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/thread/shared_mutex
https://www.cnblogs.com/chen-cs/p/13065948.html

排他性锁（写锁），用std::unique_lock 与 std::lock_guard 管理排他性锁定。

共享锁定（读锁），是用 std::shared_lock 管理共享锁定。
*/


class ThreadSaferCounter
{

private:
	/*
	mutalbe的中文意思是“可变的，易变的”，跟constant（既C++中的const）是反义词。
	在C++中，mutable也是为了突破const的限制而设置的。被mutable修饰的变量，将永远
	处于可变的状态，即使在一个const函数中。
	*/
	mutable std::shared_mutex mutex_;
	unsigned int value_ = 0;

public:
	ThreadSaferCounter() {};
	~ThreadSaferCounter() {};

	unsigned int get() const {
		//	获取共享锁
		std::shared_lock<std::shared_mutex> lck(mutex_);//执行mutex_.lock_shared();
		return value_;									//lck 析构, 执行mutex_.unlock_shared();
	}
	unsigned int increment() {
		///写者, 获取独占锁, 使用unique_lock
		std::unique_lock<std::shared_mutex> lck(mutex_);//执行mutex_.lock();
		value_++;   //lck 析构, 执行mutex_.unlock();
		return value_;
	}
	void reset() {
	       //写者, 获取独占锁, 使用unique_lock
		std::unique_lock<std::shared_mutex> lck(mutex_);//执行mutex_.lock();
	    value_ = 0;   //lck 析构, 执行mutex_.unlock();
	}

};

example.cpp

#include "sharedmutex.h"

#include <iostream>
#include <string>


ThreadSaferCounter counter;
std::mutex mtx;
void reader(int id)
{
	while (true){
		std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
		std::unique_lock<std::mutex> ulck(mtx);//cout也需要锁去保护, 否则输出乱序
		std::cout << "reader #" << id << " get value " << counter.get() << "\n";
	}
}

void writer(int id) 
{
   while (true){
	    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
	    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> ulck(mtx);//cout也需要锁去保护, 否则输出乱序
		std::cout << "writer #" << id << " write value " << counter.increment() << "\n";
	}
}


int main()
{
	std::thread rth[10];
	std::thread wth[10];
	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
		rth[i] = std::thread(reader, i + 1);
	}
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) 
	{
		wth[i] = std::thread(writer, i + 1);
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
	{
	    rth[i].join();
	}
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) 
	{
	   wth[i].join();
	}
	system("pause");
    return 0;
}