linux7.4安装tomcat教程

IP地址：192.168.0.100
tomcat版本：apache-tomcat.10.0
这个是我linux版本
首先配置yum源，我配置的是网络yum源，也可配置本地yum源，看自己的喜好！

清除原有缓存

在这里插入代码片
yum clean all

首先要让系统可以连接外网，然后输入命令

 wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

生成新的缓存

 yum makecache

在这里插入代码片

安装java，jdk

yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.272.b10-1.el7_9.x86_64

查看jdk版本

 java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_272"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_272-b10)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.272-b10, mixed mode)

查看本地jdk版本

[root@localhost ~]#  cd /usr/lib/jvm
[root@localhost jvm]# ls
java                                      java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.261-2.6.22.2.el7_8.x86_64  jre-1.6.0
java-11                                   java-1.8.0                                          jre-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64
java-11-openjdk                           java-1.8.0-openjdk                                  jre-1.7.0
java-11-openjdk-11.0.9.11-0.el7_9.x86_64  java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.272.b10-1.el7_9.x86_64     jre-1.7.0-openjdk
java-1.6.0                                java-openjdk                                        jre-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.261-2.6.22.2.el7_8.x86_64
java-1.6.0-openjdk-1.6.0.41.x86_64        jre                                                 jre-1.8.0
java-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64                 jre-11                                              jre-1.8.0-openjdk
java-1.7.0                                jre-11-openjdk                                      jre-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.272.b10-1.el7_9.x86_64
java-1.7.0-openjdk                        jre-11-openjdk-11.0.9.11-0.el7_9.x86_64             jre-openjdk
[root@localhost jvm]# 

可根据系统版本选择默认的版本：

[root@localhost conf]# update-alternatives --config java
共有 4 个提供“java”的程序。

  选项    命令
-----------------------------------------------
*+ 1           java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 (/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.272.b10-1.el7_9.x86_64/jre/bin/java)
   2           /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64/bin/java
   3           java-11-openjdk.x86_64 (/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-11.0.9.11-0.el7_9.x86_64/bin/java)
   4           java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64 (/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.261-2.6.22.2.el7_8.x86_64/jre/bin/java)

按 Enter 保留当前选项[+]，或者键入选项编号：1

配置jdk环境变量 打开 vim /etc/profile 末尾添加一下行，JAVA_HOME是系统jdk的路径

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.272.b10-1.el7_9.x86_64
export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export PATH JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH

立即生效

source /etc/profile 

网上下载tomcat安装包
我下载的是apache-tomcat-10.0.0-M10.tar.gz
解压到 /usr 目录下

[root@localhost usr]# ls
apache-tomcat.10.0  bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  local  sbin  share  src  tmp

进入/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/conf目录下

[root@localhost conf]# pwd
/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/conf
[root@localhost conf]# ls
Catalina         catalina.properties  jaspic-providers.xml  logging.properties  tomcat-users.xml  web.xml
catalina.policy  context.xml          jaspic-providers.xsd  server.xml          tomcat-users.xsd

输入 vim server.xml 打开配置文件

[root@localhost conf]# vim server.xml

修改端口号为2021。wq!保存退出

    <Connector port="2021" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
    <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool-->
    <!--
    

关闭防火墙，查看防火墙状态

[root@localhost conf]# systemctl stop  firewalld
[root@localhost conf]# systemctl status firewalld
● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:firewalld(1)

插看hosts文件，本地IP地址和主机名对应

[root@localhost conf]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.0.100 localhost

启动tomcat.,进入 /usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/bin 目录

[root@localhost bin]# ./startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/apache-tomcat.10.0
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/apache-tomcat.10.0
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:   
Tomcat started. 

查看启动日志，进入/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/logs 目录

[root@localhost logs]# cat catalina.out
03-Dec-2020 15:58:36.721 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent 在java.library.path:[/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib]上找不到基于APR的Apache Tomcat本机库，该库允许在生产环境中获得最佳性能
03-Dec-2020 15:58:37.476 信息 [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init 初始化协议处理器 ["http-nio-2021"]
03-Dec-2020 15:58:37.532 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load 服务器在[1271]毫秒内初始化
03-Dec-2020 15:58:37.594 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal 正在启动服务[Catalina]
03-Dec-2020 15:58:37.594 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal 正在启动 Servlet 引擎：[Apache Tomcat/10.0.0-M10]
03-Dec-2020 15:58:37.619 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory 把web 应用程序部署到目录 [/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/webapps/ROOT]
03-Dec-2020 15:58:38.218 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Web应用程序目录[/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/webapps/ROOT]的部署已在[597]毫秒内完成
03-Dec-2020 15:58:38.219 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory 把web 应用程序部署到目录 [/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/webapps/docs]
03-Dec-2020 15:58:38.288 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Web应用程序目录[/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/webapps/docs]的部署已在[68]毫秒内完成
03-Dec-2020 15:58:38.288 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory 把web 应用程序部署到目录 [/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/webapps/examples]
03-Dec-2020 15:58:38.848 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Web应用程序目录[/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/webapps/examples]的部署已在[560]毫秒内完成
03-Dec-2020 15:58:38.848 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory 把web 应用程序部署到目录 [/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/webapps/host-manager]
03-Dec-2020 15:58:38.903 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Web应用程序目录[/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/webapps/host-manager]的部署已在[55]毫秒内完成
03-Dec-2020 15:58:38.903 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory 把web 应用程序部署到目录 [/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/webapps/manager]
03-Dec-2020 15:58:38.952 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Web应用程序目录[/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/webapps/manager]的部署已在[49]毫秒内完成
03-Dec-2020 15:58:38.968 信息 [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start 开始协议处理句柄["http-nio-2021"]
03-Dec-2020 15:58:39.081 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start [1548]毫秒后服务器启动

如果启动报错，如下：

03-Dec-2020 15:59:41.176 严重 [main] org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException 初始化组件[Connector[HTTP/1.1-2021]]失败。
        org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: 协议处理程序初始化失败
                at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.initInternal(Connector.java:1048)
                at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:136)
                at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.initInternal(StandardService.java:533)
                at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:136)
                at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.initInternal(StandardServer.java:1057)
                at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:136)
                at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:747)
                at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:769)
                at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
                at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
                at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
                at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
                at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:302)
                at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:472)
        Caused by: java.net.BindException: 地址已在使用
                at sun.nio.ch.Net.bind0(Native Method)
                at sun.nio.ch.Net.bind(Net.java:461)
                at sun.nio.ch.Net.bind(Net.java:453)
                at sun.nio.ch.ServerSocketChannelImpl.bind(ServerSocketChannelImpl.java:222)
                at sun.nio.ch.ServerSocketAdaptor.bind(ServerSocketAdaptor.java:85)
                at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.initServerSocket(NioEndpoint.java:172)
                at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.bind(NioEndpoint.java:157)
                at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.bindWithCleanup(AbstractEndpoint.java:1112)
                at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.init(AbstractEndpoint.java:1125)
                at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init(AbstractProtocol.java:569)
                at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Protocol.init(AbstractHttp11Protocol.java:82)
                at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.initInternal(Connector.java:1045)
                ... 13 more
03-Dec-2020 15:59:41.178 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load 服务器在[1213]毫秒内初始化
03-Dec-2020 15:59:41.234 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal 正在启动服务[Catalina]
03-Dec-2020 15:59:41.234 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal 正在启动 Servlet 引擎：[Apache Tomcat/10.0.0-M10]
03-Dec-2020 15:59:41.258 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory 把web 应用程序部署到目录 [/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/webapps/ROOT]

可查看java进程号，然后杀死java进程，在启动tomcat，可解决报错

[root@localhost logs]# ps -ef | grep java
root       6412      1  4 16:02 pts/2    00:00:03 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.272.b10-1.el7_9.x86_64/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/apache-tomcat.10.0/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root       6442   4985  0 16:03 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto java
[root@localhost logs]# kill -9 6412

打开网页输入IP地址加端口号，就可访问tomcat