字符串相关知识点

正向取反向取/切片

只能取，不能改其值

msg='hello world'
print(msg[0])
print(msg[-1])
res=msg[0:5]#顾头不顾尾
print(res)
res2=msg[0:5:2]I
res3=msg[5:0:-1]
print(res2)
print(res3)
#输出
# h
# d
# hello
# hlo
# ‘ olle’

长度len/成员运算in和not in

msg='hello world'
print(len(msg))
#输出
#11
print("hello" in "hello world")
#输出
#True

移除字符串左右两侧的符号strip

msg1='   lina     '
res1=msg1.strip()#默认去掉空格
print(res1)
msg2='**li****na***'
res2=msg2.strip('*')#只取两边，不去中间
print(res2)
msg3='*//***-+**lina*=**'
res3=msg3.strip('*/-+=')#这样都去掉了
print(res3)
# 输出
# lina
# li****na食物中毒下，
# lina

切分split

把一个字符串按照某种分隔符进行切分，得到一个列表

info='lina 18 female'
res=info.split()
print(res)#默认分割符是空格
info='lina:18:female'
res=info.split(':')
print(res)#指定分隔符
info='lina:18:female'
res=info.split(':',1)
print(res)#指定分隔次数
#输出
# ['lina', '18', 'female']
# ['lina', '18', 'female']
# ['lina', '18', 'female']
# ['lina', '18:female']

补充

msg='**li****na***'
print(msg.lstrip('*'))#去左
print(msg.rstrip('*'))#去右
#输出
# li****na***
# **li****na
msg='aaabCCC'


print(msg.lower())#全变小写
print(msg.upper())#全变大写
#输出
#aaabccc
#AAABCCC


print("i love you".startswith('i'))#以i开头
print("i love you".endswith('you'))#以you结尾
#输出
# True
# True

info='lina:18:female'
print(info.split(':'))
print(info.rsplit(':'))#从右向左切
#输出
# ['lina', '18', 'female']
# ['lina', '18', 'female']
info='lina:18:female'
print(info.split(':',1))
print(info.rsplit(':',1))#从右向左切
#输出
# ['lina', '18:female']
# ['lina:18', 'female']


l=['lina', '18', 'female']
res=":".join(l)#按照某个某个分割符，把元素全为字符串的列表拼成一个大字符串
print(res)
#输出
# lina:18:female

msg="you can no you no can bb"
print(msg.replace("you","YOU"))
print(msg.replace("you","YOU",1))#只替换1个
# 输出
# YOU can no YOU no can bb
# YOU can no you no can bb

print('1223'.isdigit())#判断字符串是否由纯数字组成
# 输出
# True

了解

print('lina'.center(50,'*'))
print('lina'.ljust(50,'*'))
print('lina'.rjust(50,'*'))
print('lina'.zfill(50))
# 输出
# ***********************lina***********************
# lina**********************************************
# **********************************************lina
# 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000lina

msg1='hello\tworld'
print(msg1.expandtabs(2))#设定制表符代表的空格为2
# 输出
# hello world

print("SFD vd sad".capitalize())
print("SFD vd sad".swapcase())#大小写翻转
print("SFD vd sad".title())#首字母大写
# 输出
# Sfd vd sad
# sfd VD SAD
# Sfd Vd Sad