Object类
getClass()方法
- public final Class<?> getClass(){}
- 返回引用中存储的实际对象类型
- 用于判断两个引用中实际存储对象类型是否一致
public class TestStudent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student s1 = new Student("Liu1",1);
Student s2 = new Student("Liu2",2);
Class class1=s1.getClass();
Class class2=s2.getClass();
if ((class1==class2)){
System.out.println("s1和s2是同一类型");
}else{
System.out.println("s1和s2不是同一类型");
}
}
}
s1和s2是同一类型
hashCode()方法
- public int hashCode(){}
- 返回该对象的哈希码值
- 哈希值根据对象的地址或者字符串或者数字使用hash算法计算出来的int类型的数值
- 一般情况相同对象(同一个地址)返回相同的哈希码(判断两个对象是不是同一个)
public class TestStudent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student s1 = new Student("Liu1",1);
Student s2 = new Student("Liu2",2);
Student s3=s1;
System.out.println(s1.hashCode());
System.out.println(s2.hashCode());
System.out.println(s3.hashCode());
}
}
toString()方法
- public String toString(){}
- 返回该对象的字符串表示(表现形式)
public class TestStudent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student s1 = new Student("Liu1",1);
Student s2 = new Student("Liu2",2);
System.out.println(s1.toString());
System.out.println(s2.toString());
}
}
- 重写:可以根据程序需求覆盖该方法(快捷键),如:展示各个属性
public class Student {
private String name;
private int age;
public Student() {
}
public Student(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age=age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String toString(){
return "名字:"+name+" "+"年龄:"+age;
}
}
public class TestStudent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student s1 = new Student("Liu1",1);
Student s2 = new Student("Liu2",2);
System.out.println(s1.toString());
System.out.println(s2.toString());
}
equals()方法
- public boolean equals(Object obj){}
- 默认实现为(this==obj),比较两个对象地址是否相同
public class TestStudent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student s1 = new Student("Liu1",1);
Student s2 = new Student("Liu2",2);
Student s3 = new Student("xin",3);
Student s4 = new Student("xin", 3);
System.out.println(s1.equals(s2));
System.out.println(s3.equals(s4));
}
}
- 可以进行重写,比较两个对象的内容是否相同。步骤如下:
- 比较两个引用是否指向同一个对象
- 判断obj是否为null
- 判断两个引用指向的实际对象类型是否一致
- 强制类型转换
- 依次比较各个属性值是否相同
import java.util.Objects;
public class Student {
private String name;
private int age;
public Student() {
}
public Student(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age=age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj) return true;
if (obj==null) return false;
if (!(obj instanceof Student)) return false;
Student sobj = (Student) obj;
return age == sobj.age && Objects.equals(name, sobj.name);
}
}
public class TestStudent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student s1 = new Student("Liu1",1);
Student s2 = new Student("Liu2",2);
Student s3 = new Student("xin",3);
Student s4 = new Student("xin", 3);
System.out.println(s1.equals(s2));
System.out.println(s3.equals(s4));
}
}
finalize()方法
- 当对象被判定为垃圾对象时,由JVM自动调用此方法,用以标记垃圾对象,进入回收队列
- 垃圾对象:没有有效引用指向此对象时,为垃圾对象
- 垃圾回收:由GC销毁垃圾对象,释放数据存储空间
- 自动回收机制:jvm的内存耗尽。一次性回收所有垃圾对象
- 手动回收机制:使用System.gc();通知jvm执行垃圾回收