使用Redis中的Hash结构作为缓存

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-09 11:16:48 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-09 11:16:48 发布

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文章标签：缓存 redis hash java spring boot

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_51435812/article/details/133709347

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本文详细介绍了如何使用Spring的RedisTemplate操作Hash类型的数据作为缓存，包括设置和获取操作，以及如何使用@Scheduled注解实现定期清理过期的hash缓存。

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1.RedisTemplate操作hash类

下面是一个使用RedisTemplate操作hash作为缓存，并设置过期时间的案例：

import org.springframework.data.redis.core.HashOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class HashCacheExample {

    private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
    private HashOperations<String, String, Object> hashOperations;
    private ValueOperations<String, Object> valueOperations;

    public HashCacheExample(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
        this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
        this.hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
        this.valueOperations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
    }

    public void setHashCache(String cacheKey, String hashKey, Object value, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) {
        hashOperations.put(cacheKey, hashKey, value);
        redisTemplate.expire(cacheKey, timeout, unit);
    }

    public Object getHashCache(String cacheKey, String hashKey) {
        return hashOperations.get(cacheKey, hashKey);
    }

    public void setCache(String cacheKey, Object value, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) {
        valueOperations.set(cacheKey, value);
        redisTemplate.expire(cacheKey, timeout, unit);
    }

    public Object getCache(String cacheKey) {
        return valueOperations.get(cacheKey);
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getAllHashCache(String cacheKey) {
        return hashOperations.entries(cacheKey);
    }

    public void deleteHashCache(String cacheKey, String hashKey) {
        hashOperations.delete(cacheKey, hashKey);
    }

    public void deleteCache(String cacheKey) {
        redisTemplate.delete(cacheKey);
    }
}

2. 使用案例

// 创建RedisTemplate对象并设置连接工厂
RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();

// 创建HashCacheExample对象
HashCacheExample cacheExample = new HashCacheExample(redisTemplate);

// 设置hash缓存，并设置过期时间为1小时
String cacheKey = "myCacheKey";
String hashKey = "myHashKey";
Object value = "myValue";
cacheExample.setHashCache(cacheKey, hashKey, value, 1, TimeUnit.HOURS);

// 获取hash缓存
Object cachedValue = cacheExample.getHashCache(cacheKey, hashKey);

// 设置普通缓存，并设置过期时间为30分钟
String cacheKey2 = "myCacheKey2";
Object value2 = "myValue2";
cacheExample.setCache(cacheKey2, value2, 30, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

// 获取普通缓存
Object cachedValue2 = cacheExample.getCache(cacheKey2);

// 获取所有hash缓存数据
Map<String, Object> allHashCache = cacheExample.getAllHashCache(cacheKey);

// 删除hash缓存
cacheExample.deleteHashCache(cacheKey, hashKey);

// 删除普通缓存
cacheExample.deleteCache(cacheKey2);

3. 定期清除Redis的hash结构的缓存数据

如果有需要，就加

要定期清除Redis的hash结构的缓存数据，可以使用Redis的过期时间来实现。可以通过设置过期时间来让Redis在一定时间后自动删除缓存数据。

以下是一个示例代码，使用RedisTemplate和Spring的Scheduled注解来定期清除缓存数据：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.HashOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class CacheCleaner {

    private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
    private HashOperations<String, String, Object> hashOperations;

    @Autowired
    public CacheCleaner(RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate) {
        this.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;
        this.hashOperations = redisTemplate.opsForHash();
    }

    @Scheduled(fixedDelay = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) // 每隔24小时执行一次
    public void cleanCache() {
        String cacheKey = "myCacheKey";
        hashOperations.entries(cacheKey).keySet().forEach(hashKey -> {
            Long ttl = redisTemplate.getExpire(cacheKey);
            if (ttl != null && ttl <= 0) {
                hashOperations.delete(cacheKey, hashKey);
            }
        });
    }
}