1.多态的基本语法
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Animal
{
public:
virtual void speak()
{
cout << "动物在说话" << endl;
}
};
class Cat :public Animal
{
public:
void speak()
{
cout << "小猫在说话" << endl;
}
};
void doSpeak(Animal&animal)
{
animal.speak();
}
void test01()
{
Cat cat;
doSpeak(cat);
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
2.多态计算器实例
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Calculator
{
public:
int getResult(string oper)
{
if (oper == "+")
{
return m_Num1 + m_Num2;
}
else if (oper == "-")
{
return m_Num1 - m_Num2;
}
else if(oper=="*")
{
return m_Num1 * m_Num2;
}
}
int m_Num1;
int m_Num2;
};
void test01()
{
Calculator c;
c.m_Num1 = 10;
c.m_Num2 = 10;
cout << c.m_Num1 << "+" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getResult("+") << endl;
cout << c.m_Num1 << "-" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getResult("-") << endl;
cout << c.m_Num1 << "*" << c.m_Num2 << "=" << c.getResult("*") << endl;
}
class AbstractCalculator
{
public:
virtual int getResult()
{
return 0;
}
int m_Num1;
int m_Num2;
};
class AddCalculator :public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
int getResult()
{
return m_Num1 + m_Num2;
}
};
class SubCalculator :public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
int getResult()
{
return m_Num1 - m_Num2;
}
};
class MulCalculator :public AbstractCalculator
{
public:
int getResult()
{
return m_Num1 * m_Num2;
}
};
void test02()
{
AbstractCalculator *abc = new AddCalculator;
abc->m_Num1 = 10;
abc->m_Num2 = 10;
cout << abc->m_Num1 << "+" << abc->m_Num2 << "=" << abc->getResult() << endl;
delete abc;
abc = new SubCalculator;
abc->m_Num1 = 10;
abc->m_Num2 = 10;
cout << abc->m_Num1 << "-" << abc->m_Num2 << "=" << abc->getResult() << endl;
delete abc;
}
void getresult(AbstractCalculator&abc)
{
abc.getResult();
}
void test03()
{
AddCalculator abc;
abc.m_Num1 = 10;
abc.m_Num2 = 10;
cout << abc.getResult() << endl;
}
int main()
{
test03();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
3、纯虚函数和抽象类
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Base
{
public:
virtual void func() = 0;
};
class Son :public Base
{
public:
virtual void func()
{
cout << "func函数调用" << endl;
};
};
void test01()
{
Base *base = new Son;
base->func();
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
4、例子:制作饮品
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class AbstractDrinking
{
public:
virtual void Boil() = 0;
virtual void Brew() = 0;
virtual void PourInCup() = 0;
virtual void putSomething() = 0;
void makeDrink()
{
Boil();
Brew();
PourInCup();
putSomething();
}
};
class Coffee :public AbstractDrinking
{
public:
virtual void Boil()
{
cout << "煮水" << endl;
}
virtual void Brew()
{
cout << "冲泡咖啡" << endl;
}
virtual void PourInCup()
{
cout << "倒水" << endl;
}
virtual void putSomething()
{
cout << "加东西" << endl;
}
};
class Tea :public AbstractDrinking
{
public:
virtual void Boil()
{
cout << "煮水" << endl;
}
virtual void Brew()
{
cout << "冲泡" << endl;
}
virtual void PourInCup()
{
cout << "倒水" << endl;
}
virtual void putSomething()
{
cout << "加东西" << endl;
}
};
void doWork(AbstractDrinking *abs)
{
abs->makeDrink();
delete abs;
}
void test01()
{
doWork(new Coffee);
cout << "------------" << endl;
doWork(new Tea);
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
5、虚析构和纯虚析构
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Animal
{
public:
Animal()
{
cout << "Animal 构造函数调用" << endl;
}
virtual ~Animal() = 0;
virtual void speak() = 0;
};
Animal::~Animal()
{
cout << "Animal纯虚析构函数调用" << endl;
}
class Cat :public Animal
{
public:
Cat(string name)
{
cout << "Cat构造函数调用" << endl;
m_Name = new string(name);
}
virtual void speak()
{
cout <<*m_Name<< "小猫在说话" << endl;
}
~Cat()
{
if (m_Name != NULL)
{
cout << "Cat析构函数调用" << endl;
delete m_Name;
m_Name = NULL;
}
}
string *m_Name;
};
void test01()
{
Animal * animal = new Cat("Tom");
animal->speak();
delete animal;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
6、电脑组装实例
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class CPU
{
public:
virtual void calculate() = 0;
};
class Memory
{
public:
virtual void storage() = 0;
};
class VideoCard
{
public:
virtual void display() = 0;
};
class Computer
{
public:
Computer(CPU*cpu, VideoCard*vc, Memory*mem)
{
m_cpu = cpu;
m_vc = vc;
m_mem = mem;
}
void work()
{
m_cpu->calculate();
m_vc->display();
m_mem->storage();
}
~Computer()
{
if (m_mem != NULL)
{
delete m_mem;
m_mem = NULL;
}
if (m_vc != NULL)
{
delete m_vc;
m_vc = NULL;
}
if (m_cpu != NULL)
{
delete m_cpu;
m_cpu = NULL;
}
}
private:
CPU * m_cpu;
VideoCard * m_vc;
Memory * m_mem;
};
class InterCPU :public CPU
{
public:
virtual void calculate()
{
cout << "Inter 的CPU开始计算了!" << endl;
}
};
class InterVideoCard :public VideoCard
{
public:
virtual void display()
{
cout << "Inter 的显卡开始显示了!" << endl;
}
};
class InterMemory :public Memory
{
public:
virtual void storage()
{
cout << "Inter 的内存条开始存储了!" << endl;
}
};
class LenovoCPU :public CPU
{
public:
virtual void calculate()
{
cout << "Lenovo 的CPU开始计算了!" << endl;
}
};
class LenovoVideoCard :public VideoCard
{
public:
virtual void display()
{
cout << "Lenovo 的显卡开始显示了!" << endl;
}
};
class LenovoMemory :public Memory
{
public:
virtual void storage()
{
cout << "Lenovo 的内存条开始存储了!" << endl;
}
};
void test01()
{
cout << "第一台电脑开始工作:" << endl;
CPU * interCpu = new InterCPU;
VideoCard*interCard = new InterVideoCard;
Memory*interMem = new InterMemory;
Computer*computer1 = new Computer(interCpu, interCard, interMem);
computer1->work();
delete computer1;
cout << "第二台电脑开始工作:" << endl;
Computer*computer2 = new Computer(new LenovoCPU, new LenovoVideoCard,new LenovoMemory);
computer2->work();
delete computer2;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}