CI：Jenkins自动化环境部署（一）

Jenkins

Jenkins是开源CI&CD软件领导者， 提供超过1000个插件来支持构建、部署、自动化， 满足任何项目的需要

1. 下载并配置环境变量

系统要求

• 最低推荐配置:

   256MB可用内存
  
   1GB可用磁盘空间(作为一个Docker容器运行jenkins的话推荐10GB)
  

• 为小团队推荐的硬件配置:

   1GB+可用内存
  
   50 GB+ 可用磁盘空间
  

• 软件配置:

   Java 8：—​无论是Java运行时环境（JRE）还是Java开发工具包（JDK）都可以。
  

  • 2.164 (2019-02) 及更新版本：Java 8 或 Java 11
  • 2.54 (2017-04) 和更新版本：Java 8
  • 1.612 (2015-05) 和更新版本：Java 7
    我们下载jenkins>2.164, java使用java11，PC系统Ubuntu20.04

1. java

• 下载地址：

   https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase/jdk11-archive-downloads.html
  

  需要登录oracle 账号
  

• 配置java环境变量
  下载后解压， 然后配置java到系统环境变量中，添加下面到~/.bashrc中

export JAVA_VERSION="jdk-11.0.13"
export JAVA_HOME="${HOME}/Software/${JAVA_VERSION}"
export JRE_HOME="${JAVA_HOME}/jre"
export CLASSSPATH="${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib"
export PATH="${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}"

查看是否配置生效

user@pc:~$ source ~/.bashrc
user@pc:~$ java --version
java 11.0.13 2021-10-19 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.13+10-LTS-370)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 18.9 (build 11.0.13+10-LTS-370, mixed mode)

2. jenkins

• 下载地址：

   https://www.jenkins.io/download/
  

下载lts版本war包：

• 配置java环境变量
  配置jenkins到系统环境变量中，添加下面到~/.bashrc中

export JENKINS_HOME="${HOME}/ci/jenkins_master"

将jenkins.war放到JENKINS_HOME目录中

user@pc:~$  ls ci/jenkins_master/jenkins.war
ci/jenkins_master/jenkins.war

1. 启动Jenkins

启动命令

• 前台启动命令：java -jar jenkins.war
• 后台启动命令：nohup java -jar jenkins.war &

参数说明：

user@pc:~/ci/jenkins_master$  ~/ci/jenkins_master$ java -jar jenkins.war --help
Running from: /home/user/ci/jenkins_master/jenkins.war
webroot: EnvVars.masterEnvVars.get("JENKINS_HOME")
Jenkins Automation Server Engine 2.346.1
Usage: java -jar jenkins.war [--option=value] [--option=value]

Options:
   --webroot                = folder where the WAR file is expanded into. Default is ${JENKINS_HOME}/war
   --pluginroot             = folder where the plugin archives are expanded into. Default is ${JENKINS_HOME}/plugins
                              (NOTE: this option does not change the directory where the plugin archives are stored)
   --extractedFilesFolder   = folder where extracted files are to be located. Default is the temp folder
   --logfile                = redirect log messages to this file
   --enable-future-java     = allows running with new Java versions which are not fully supported (class version 52 and above)
   --javaHome               = Override the JAVA_HOME variable
   --toolsJar               = The location of tools.jar. Default is JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
   --config                 = load configuration properties from here. Default is ./winstone.properties
   --prefix                 = add this prefix to all URLs (eg http://localhost:8080/prefix/resource). Default is none
   --commonLibFolder        = folder for additional jar files. Default is ./lib

   --extraLibFolder         = folder for additional jar files to add to Jetty classloader

   --logThrowingLineNo      = show the line no that logged the message (slow). Default is false
   --logThrowingThread      = show the thread that logged the message. Default is false
   --debug                  = set the level of debug msgs (1-9). Default is 5 (INFO level)

   --httpPort               = set the http listening port. -1 to disable, Default is 8080
   --httpListenAddress      = set the http listening address. Default is all interfaces
   --httpKeepAliveTimeout   = how long idle HTTP keep-alive connections are kept around (in ms; default 5000)?
   --httpsPort              = set the https listening port. -1 to disable, Default is disabled
   --httpsListenAddress     = set the https listening address. Default is all interfaces
   --httpsKeepAliveTimeout  = how long idle HTTPS keep-alive connections are kept around (in ms; default 5000)?
   --httpsKeyStore          = the location of the SSL KeyStore file. Default is ./winstone.ks
   --httpsKeyStorePassword  = the password for the SSL KeyStore file. Default is null
   --httpsKeyManagerType    = the SSL KeyManagerFactory type (eg SunX509, IbmX509). Default is SunX509
   --httpsPrivateKey        = this switch with --httpsCertificate can be used to run HTTPS with OpenSSL secret key
     / --httpsCertificate     file and the corresponding certificate file
   --httpsRedirectHttp      = redirect http requests to https (requires both --httpPort and --httpsPort)
   --http2Port              = set the http2 listening port. -1 to disable, Default is disabled
   --http2ListenAddress     = set the http2 listening address. Default is all interfaces
   --excludeCipherSuites    = set the ciphers to exclude (comma separated, use blank quote " " to exclude none) (default is
                           // Exclude weak / insecure ciphers
                           "^.*_(MD5|SHA|SHA1)$",
                           // Exclude ciphers that don't support forward secrecy
                           "^TLS_RSA_.*$",
                           // The following exclusions are present to cleanup known bad cipher
                           // suites that may be accidentally included via include patterns.
                           // The default enabled cipher list in Java will not include these
                           // (but they are available in the supported list).
                           "^SSL_.*$",
                           "^.*_NULL_.*$",
                           "^.*_anon_.*$"
   --controlPort            = set the shutdown/control port. -1 to disable, Default disabled

   --useJasper              = enable jasper JSP handling (true/false). Default is false
   --sessionTimeout         = set the http session timeout value in minutes. Default to what webapp specifies, and then to 60 minutes
   --sessionEviction        = set the session eviction timeout for idle sessions in seconds. Default value is 180. -1 never evict, 0 evict on exit
   --mimeTypes=ARG          = define additional MIME type mappings. ARG would be EXT=MIMETYPE:EXT=MIMETYPE:...
                              (e.g., xls=application/vnd.ms-excel:wmf=application/x-msmetafile)
   --requestHeaderSize=N    = set the maximum size in bytes of the request header. Default is 8192.
   --maxParamCount=N        = set the max number of parameters allowed in a form submission to protect
                              against hash DoS attack (oCERT #2011-003). Default is 10000.
   --useJmx                 = Enable Jetty Jmx
   --qtpMaxThreadsCount     = max threads number when using Jetty Queued Thread Pool
   --jettyAcceptorsCount    = Jetty Acceptors number
   --jettySelectorsCount    = Jetty Selectors number
   --usage / --help         = show this message
 Security options:
   --realmClassName               = Set the realm class to use for user authentication. Defaults to ArgumentsRealm class

   --argumentsRealm.passwd.<user> = Password for user <user>. Only valid for the ArgumentsRealm realm class
   --argumentsRealm.roles.<user>  = Roles for user <user> (comma separated). Only valid for the ArgumentsRealm realm class

   --fileRealm.configFile         = File containing users/passwds/roles. Only valid for the FileRealm realm class

 Access logging:
   --accessLoggerClassName        = Set the access logger class to use for user authentication. Defaults to disabled
   --simpleAccessLogger.format    = The log format to use. Supports combined/common/resin/custom (SimpleAccessLogger only)
   --simpleAccessLogger.file      = The location pattern for the log file(SimpleAccessLogger only)

启动Jenkins

user@pc:~/ci$ java -jar ${JENKINS_HOME}/jenkins.war --httpPort=8080 --prefix="jenkins"

Running from: /home/user/ci/jenkins_master/jenkins.war
webroot: EnvVars.masterEnvVars.get("JENKINS_HOME")
2022-07-07 03:31:05.987+0000 [id=1]     INFO    org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Log#initialized: Logging initialized @338ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.JavaUtilLog
2022-07-07 03:31:06.075+0000 [id=1]     INFO    winstone.Logger#logInternal: Beginning extraction from war file
2022-07-07 03:31:06.914+0000 [id=1]     INFO    org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: jetty-9.4.45.v20220203; built: 2022-02-03T09:14:34.105Z; git: 4a0c91c0be53805e3fcffdcdcc9587d5301863db; jvm 11.0.13+10-LTS-370
2022-07-07 03:31:07.183+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.w.StandardDescriptorProcessor#visitServlet: NO JSP Support for jenkins, did not find org.eclipse.jetty.jsp.JettyJspServlet
2022-07-07 03:31:07.209+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.s.s.DefaultSessionIdManager#doStart: DefaultSessionIdManager workerName=node0
2022-07-07 03:31:07.209+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.s.s.DefaultSessionIdManager#doStart: No SessionScavenger set, using defaults
2022-07-07 03:31:07.209+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.server.session.HouseKeeper#startScavenging: node0 Scavenging every 600000ms
2022-07-07 03:31:07.658+0000 [id=1]     INFO    hudson.WebAppMain#contextInitialized: Jenkins home directory: /home/user/ci/jenkins_master found at: EnvVars.masterEnvVars.get("JENKINS_HOME")
2022-07-07 03:31:08.578+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.s.handler.ContextHandler#doStart: Started w.@5fac521d{Jenkins v2.346.1,jenkins,file:///home/user/ci/jenkins_master/war/,AVAILABLE}{/home/cixi.geng1/ci/jenkins_master/war}
2022-07-07 03:31:08.608+0000 [id=1]     INFO    o.e.j.server.AbstractConnector#doStart: Started ServerConnector@3bcbb589{HTTP/1.1, (http/1.1)}{0.0.0.0:8080}
2022-07-07 03:31:08.608+0000 [id=1]     INFO    org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: Started @2961ms
2022-07-07 03:31:08.609+0000 [id=25]    INFO    winstone.Logger#logInternal: Winstone Servlet Engine running: controlPort=disabled
2022-07-07 03:31:08.938+0000 [id=32]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started initialization
2022-07-07 03:31:08.940+0000 [id=52]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Listed all plugins
2022-07-07 03:31:09.392+0000 [id=47]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Prepared all plugins
2022-07-07 03:31:09.395+0000 [id=53]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started all plugins
2022-07-07 03:31:09.399+0000 [id=31]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Augmented all extensions
2022-07-07 03:31:09.919+0000 [id=40]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: System config loaded
2022-07-07 03:31:09.919+0000 [id=45]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: System config adapted
2022-07-07 03:31:09.920+0000 [id=48]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Loaded all jobs
2022-07-07 03:31:09.920+0000 [id=52]    INFO    jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Configuration for all jobs updated
2022-07-07 03:31:09.931+0000 [id=67]    INFO    hudson.model.AsyncPeriodicWork#lambda$doRun$1: Started Download metadata
2022-07-07 03:31:09.988+0000 [id=67]    INFO    hudson.util.Retrier#start: Attempt #1 to do the action check updates server
WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.codehaus.groovy.vmplugin.v7.Java7$1 (file:/home/user/ci/jenkins_master/war/WEB-INF/lib/groovy-all-2.4.21.jar) to constructor java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup(java.lang.Class,int)
WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.codehaus.groovy.vmplugin.v7.Java7$1
WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
2022-07-07 03:31:10.652+0000 [id=42]    INFO    jenkins.install.SetupWizard#init:

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Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a password generated.
Please use the following password to proceed to installation:

ad116ced8c7e4f33896050cd2e420690

This may also be found at: /home/user/ci/jenkins_master/secrets/initialAdminPassword

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浏览器输入 http://ip:8080

输入管理员密码登录jenkins

安装默认插件


创建Admin用户

配置完成