C++Primer部分练习参考答案 第四、五章

C++Primer部分练习参考答案 第四、五章

编译环境：Microsoft Visual Studio2019
备注：本文留作作者自用，如有错误敬请指出

4.21

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::vector;
int main()
{
	vector<int> a = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
	for (auto& i : a)
		i = (i % 2 == 0) ? i : 2*i;
	for (auto i : a)
		cout << i<<" ";
	return 0;
}

4.22

#include<iostream>//版本一
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;
int main()
{
	int grade;
	string finalgrade;
	cout << "please enter your grade:";
	cin >> grade;
	finalgrade = (grade > 90) ? "high pass"
		                      : (grade < 60) ? "fail"
		                                     : (grade > 75) ? "pass": "low pass";
	cout << finalgrade;
	return 0;
}

#include<iostream>//版本二
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;
int main()
{
	int grade;
	string finalgrade;
	cout << "please enter your grade:";
	cin >> grade;
	if (grade > 90)
		finalgrade = "high pass";
	else if (grade < 60)
		finalgrade = "fail";
	else if (grade > 75)
		finalgrade = "pass"; 
	else finalgrade="low pass";
	cout << finalgrade;
	return 0;
}

4.28

#include<iostream>
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main()
{
	cout << sizeof(int) << endl;
	cout << sizeof(long) << endl;
	cout << sizeof(long long) << endl;
	cout << sizeof(char) << endl;
	cout << sizeof(unsigned long) << endl;
	cout << sizeof(float) << endl;
	return 0;
}

4.31

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::vector;
int main()
{
	vector<int> ivec(10);
	vector<int>::size_type cnt = ivec.size();
	for (vector<int>::size_type ix = 0; ix != ivec.size(); ix++, cnt--)
		ivec[ix] = cnt;
	for (auto i : ivec)
		cout << i << " ";
	return 0;
}

5.5

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using std::vector;
using std::string;
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
int main()
{
	const vector<string> grade = { "F","D","C","B","A","A++" };
	int score;
    string lettergrade;
	cin >> score;
	if (score >= 60) {
		lettergrade = grade[(score - 50) / 10];
	}
	else lettergrade = grade[0];
	cout << lettergrade;
	return 0;
}

5.6

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using std::vector;
using std::string;
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
int main()
{
	const vector<string> grade = { "F","D","C","B","A","A++" };
	int score;
    string lettergrade;
	cin >> score;
	lettergrade = (score >= 60 ? grade[(score - 50) / 10]:grade[0]);
	cout << lettergrade;
	return 0;
}

5.9，5.10

#include<iostream>//小写大写都统计了
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
int main()
{
	char c;
	int cnt=0;
	while (cin >> c) {
		c = toupper(c);
		if (c == 'A' || c == 'E' || c == 'I' || c == 'O' || c == 'U')
			cnt++;
	}
	cout << cnt;
	return 0;
}

5.11

#include<iostream>
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
int main()
{
	char c;
	int acnt=0,scnt=0;
	while (cin >> c) {
		c = toupper(c);
		if (c == 'A' || c == 'E' || c == 'I' || c == 'O' || c == 'U')
			acnt++;
		else if (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\n')
			scnt++;
	}
	cout << scnt;
	return 0;
}

5.12

#include<iostream>
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
int main()
{
	char c;
	int acnt=0;
	while (cin >> c) {
		if (c == 'f') {
			cin >> c;
			if(c=='f'||c=='l'||c=='i')
				acnt++;
		}
	}
	cout << acnt;
	return 0;
}

5.14

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using std::vector;
using std::string;
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main()
{
	string s1,s2;
	int sum=1, maxsum=1;
	vector<string> word;//存放且只连续存放一次所有出现过的单词
	vector<int> time;//以上单词连续出现的个数（1次也算）
	cin >> s1;
	while (cin >> s2) {
		if (s2 == s1) sum++;
		else {
			word.push_back(s1);
			time.push_back(sum);
		    sum = 1;
		}
		s1=s2;
	}
	word.push_back(s2);//最后一个单词也放进去
	time.push_back(sum);
	for (vector<int>::iterator p = time.begin(); p != time.end(); ++p)
		if (*p > maxsum)
			maxsum = *p;
	if (maxsum > 1) {
		for (int i = 0; i < time.size(); ++i)
			if (time[i] == maxsum)
				cout << word[i] << "连续重复出现最多次，为" << maxsum << "次" << endl;
	}
	else cout << "任何单词都没有连续出现过" << endl;
	return 0;
}

5.17

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using std::vector;
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main()
{
	vector<int> v1 = { 0,1,1,2 }, v2 = {0,1,1,2,3,5,8},temp;
	int flag = 0,ex=1;
	if (v1.size() > v2.size()) {
		temp = v1;
		v1 = v2;
		v2 = temp;
		flag =1;
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < v1.size(); i++) {
		if (v1[i] != v2[i]) {
			ex = 0;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (ex) {
		if (flag) cout << "v2是v1的前缀" << endl;
		else cout << "v1是v2的前缀" << endl;
	}
	else cout << "v1和v2都不是对方的前缀" << endl;
	return 0;
}

5.19

#include<iostream>
using std::string;
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main()
{
	string s1, s2;
	do{
		cout << "请输入两个string对象：" << endl;
		cin >>s1 >>s2;
		if (s1.size() < s2.size())
			cout << s1;
		else if (s1.size() > s2.size())
			cout << s2;
		else cout << s1 << "和" << s2 << "一样长";
		cout <<endl<< "输入yes以继续" << endl;
	} while (cin>>s1 &&s1[0]=='y');
	return 0;
}

5.20

#include<iostream>
using std::string;
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main()
{
	string s1, s2;
	int flag = 0;
	cin >> s1;
	while (cin >> s2 &&!s2.empty()) {
		if (s1 == s2) { 
			flag = 1;
			break; 
		}
		else s1 = s2;
	}
	if (flag) cout << s2;
	else cout << "没有任何单词是连续重复出现的";
	return 0;
}

5.21

#include<iostream>//这个程序大小写敏感
using std::string;
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main()
{
	string s1, s2;
	int flag = 0;
	cin >> s1;
	while (cin >> s2 &&!s2.empty()) {
		if (s1 == s2&&isupper(s1[0])) { 
			flag = 1;
			break; 
		}
		else s1 = s2;
	}
	if (flag) cout << s2;
	else cout << "没有任何单词是连续重复出现的";
	return 0;
}

5.23

#include<iostream>//就不循环了
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main()
{
	int i1, i2;
	cout << "请输入两个整数：";
	cin >> i1 >> i2;
	if (i2 == 0) cout << "第二个数不能为0！" << endl;
	else cout << i1 / i2<<endl;
	return 0;
}

5.24

#include<iostream>
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main()
{
	int i1, i2;
	cout << "请输入两个整数：";
	cin >> i1 >> i2;
	cout << i1 / i2<<endl;
	return 0;
}

5.25

#include<iostream>
#include<stdexcept>
using std::runtime_error;
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
int main()
{
	int i1, i2;
	cout << "请输入两个整数：";
	while (cin >> i1 >> i2) {
		try {
			if (i2 == 0) throw runtime_error("第二个数不能为0！");
			cout << i1 / i2 << endl;
		}
		catch (runtime_error err) {
			cout << "再试一次？按y以继续" << endl;
			char c;
			cin >> c;
			if (c != 'y' || !c)
				break;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}