Dubbo与Zookeeper的使用

Dubbo与Zookeeper的使用

1. 架构的演变

  1. 单体架构:将所有的业务功能都放在一个项目当中进行开发。(SSM,SpringBoot+MP)打一个war包 或者jar包

    • 优点:架构简单;部署,运行比较简单;调试也简单

    • 缺点:耦合度比较高(无论哪个功能代码出问题,都会导致整个服务失败)

  2. 分布式架构 :根据业务功能从整个大的项目当中拆分成多个独立的子项目,子项目直接互相通信,从而 完成整个工作。

  • 优点:降低了耦合度,各个项目独立运行,影响非常小;利用扩展,可以快速通过添加新项目来扩 展业务

  • 缺点:部署,运维比较麻烦;测试比较复杂(需要多个项目团队进行协调,配合)

  1. SOA架构(面向服务的架构):在分布式架构的基础上,根据业务功能拆分出逻辑独立的服务,服务和 服务之前都可以通过暴露的接口进行通信。
  • 优点:提供代码的重复利用率了 (公用的部分只需要开发一份就可以了)

  • 缺点:服务和服务之间通信比较麻烦,需要 ESB(企业服务总线 ),软件;成本比较高 soap协议进行通信(服务之间交互数据;http+xml),比较耗费带宽

  1. 微服务架构: 在SOA架构的基础进行改良产生的一种架构。在拆分项目当中粒度更细。项目和项目独立 性更加强(每个项目可以使用不同的语言开发,不同的数据库进行存储数据)
  • SpringCloud 框架(微服务架构的一整套解决方案)

  • SpringCloud Alibaba 框架 (在SpringCloud 框架的基础上进一步改良和优化,目前最火的微服务 框架)

2.Dubbo的架构原理

  1. 什么是Dubbo? Apache Dubbo 是一款微服务框架,为大规模微服务实践提供高性能 RPC (远程过程调用)通信、服 务发现、负载均衡、流量调度 等解决方案

  2. Dubbo的工作原理

在这里插入图片描述

3.Zookeeper 注册中心

  1. 什么是Zookeeper?
Zookeeper 是一个分布式的,开放源码的分布式应用程序协调服务(注册中心服务器),并提供一下功能:
提供的功能包括:配置维护、名字服务、分布式同步、组服务
  1. 如何使用
1. 官网下载最新版的Zookeeper (https://dlcdn.apache.org/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.8.0/)

2. 解压到非中文目录下,修改配置文件

3. 在zookeeper目录下新建一个data目录,接下来把conf目录下的zoo_sample.cfg 名修改为 zoo.cfg

4. 把配置文件中dataDir=值更改为自己的data目录(eg:dataDir=D:\\apache-zookeeper-3.8.0-
bin\\data)

5. 需要在配置文件中添加代码:audit.enable=true

6. 到bin目录下双击运行 zkServer.cmd 即可开启服务

4.代码演示Dubbo框架的使用 (方法一)

前提启动Zookeeper注册中心

1. 编写服务提供者(springboot-dubbo-provider)

  • 架构图

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  • pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-dubbo-provider</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    </properties>
    <!-- Spring Boot 启动父依赖 -->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.0</version>
    </parent>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Dubbo 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-rpc-dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--注册中心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-registry-zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Web 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Test 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Dubbo 服务接口 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>springboot-dubbo-interf</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>



  • 配置文件(application.yml)
dubbo:
  application:
    name: provider 
  protocol:
    name: dubbo
    port: 20882
  registry:
    address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
server: # 端口号
  port: 8082

  • 实现类(UserServiceImpl)
package com.mk.demo.serviceimpl;

import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;
import org.example.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;



@DubboService
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String port;
    @Override
    public String getUserId(Integer id) {
        System.out.println(" springboot-dubbo-provider "+port+" 被消费....id:" + id);
        if (id == 1) {
            return "王者"+port;
        } else if (id == 2) {
            return "吃鸡"+port;
        } else{
            return "随缘"+port;
        }
    }
}

  • 启动类(Application)
package com.mk.demo;

import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDubbo
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class);
    }
}

  • 启动项目

2. 编写服务公共部分(springboot-dubbo-interf)

  • 架构图

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  • pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>springboot-dubbo-interf</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <name>springboot-dubbo-interf</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>
  <description>SpirngBoot 项目下 Dubbo 公共服务接口类</description>
  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <!-- clean lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#clean_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- default lifecycle, jar packaging: see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_jar_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- site lifecycle, see https://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/lifecycles.html#site_Lifecycle -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.7.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.0</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

  • 编写接口(UserService)
package org.example.service;

public interface UserService {

    public String getUserId(Integer id);

}

  • 编写启动类(App)
package org.example;

/**
 * Hello world!
 *
 */
public class App 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
        System.out.println( "Hello World!" );
    }
}

  • 启动项目

3. 编写服务消费者(springboot-dubbo-consumer)

  • 架构图

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  • pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-dubbo-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <description>springboot-dubbo 客户端:整合 Dubbo/ZooKeeper</description>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
    </properties>
    <!-- Spring Boot 启动父依赖 -->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.1.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Dubbo 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-rpc-dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--注册中心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-registry-zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Web 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Test 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Dubbo 服务接口 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>springboot-dubbo-interf</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

  • 编写配置文件(application.yml)
server: # 端口号
  port: 8081

dubbo:
  application:
    name: consumer
  registry:
    address: zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181

  • 编写接口(UserServiceConsumer)
package com.mk.demo.service;

import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import org.example.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service //注意要导的包
public class UserServiceConsumer {
    @DubboReference
    private UserService userService;

    public String getUser(Integer id){
        return userService.getUserId(id);
    }
}

注意@Service,@DubboReference
  • 编写控制层(UserController)
package com.mk.demo.controller;

import com.mk.demo.service.UserServiceConsumer;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
public class UserController {
    @Resource
    private UserServiceConsumer userServiceConsumer;//自动注入上一步创建的服务消费类
    /**
     * http://localhost:8081/getUserId?id=2
     * 使用 dubbo 协议调用远程服务
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/getUserId")
    public Object getUserId(Integer id) {
        return userServiceConsumer.getUser(id);
    }
}

  • 编写启动类(Application)
package com.mk.demo;

import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDubbo
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
    }
}

注意@EnableDubbo
  • 启动项目
  • 访问(http://localhost:8081/getUserId?id=2)
  • 结果

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5.代码演示Dubbo框架的使用 (方法二)

1. 编写服务提供者(springboot-dubbo-provider)

  • 架构图

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  • pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-dubbo-provider</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <description>springboot-dubbo 服务端:整合 Dubbo/ZooKeeper</description>
    <!-- Spring Boot 启动父依赖 -->
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <version>2.7.0</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Dubbo 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.dubbo.springboot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Web 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Test 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Dubbo 服务接口 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>springboot-dubbo-interf</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

  • 配置文件(application.properties)
  #服务端提供端使用协议
spring.dubbo.protocol.name=dubbo
  #服务端提供端暴露端口号
spring.dubbo.protocol.port=20882
  #服务所在包名称(为三个项目的公共部分)
spring.dubbo.scan=com.mk.demo
  #应用端口
server.port=8002
  #应用项目名称
  #server.context-path=/
  #修改 tomcat 的 URIEncoding 为 UTF-8
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
  #jackson 对日期时间格式化设置:时间格式
spring.jackson.date-format=yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
  #jackson 对日期时间格式化设置:时区设置
spring.jackson.time-zone=GMT+8
  • 实现类(UserServiceImpl)
package com.mk.demo.impl;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import com.mk.demo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String port;
    @Override
    public String getUserId(Integer id) {
        System.out.println(" springboot-dubbo-provider "+port+" 被消费....id:" + id);
        if (id == 1) {
            return "王者"+port;
        } else if (id == 2) {
            return "吃鸡"+port;
        } else{
            return "随缘"+port;
        }
    }
}

注意@Service注解
  • 启动类(Application)
package com.mk.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
    }
}

  • 启动项目

2. 编写服务公共部分(springboot-dubbo-interf)

  • 架构图

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  • pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-dubbo-interf</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <description>SpirngBoot 项目下 Dubbo 公共服务接口类</description>


</project>

  • 编写接口(UserService)
package com.mk.demo.service;

public interface UserService {
    public String getUserId(Integer id);
}

  • 编写启动类(Application)
public class Application 
{
 public static void main( String[] args )
 {
     System.out.println( "Hello World!" );
 }
}
  • 启动项目

3. 编写服务消费者(springboot-dubbo-consumer)

  • 架构图

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  • pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-dubbo-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <description>springboot-dubbo 客户端:整合 Dubbo/ZooKeeper</description>

    <!-- Spring Boot 启动父依赖 -->
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <version>2.7.0</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Dubbo 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.dubbo.springboot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Web 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Test 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Dubbo 服务接口 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>springboot-dubbo-interf</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

  • 编写配置文件(application.properties)
## StringBoot 集成 Dubbo 相关配置信息:消费端配置示例
#注册服务名称
spring.dubbo.application.name=consumer
#zookeeper 注册中心地址
spring.dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
#服务所在包名称
spring.dubbo.scan=com.mk.demo
#应用端口
server.port=8001
#应用项目名称
#server.context-path=/
#修改 tomcat 的 URIEncoding 为 UTF-8
server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
#jackson 对日期时间格式化设置:时间格式
spring.jackson.date-format=yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
#jackson 对日期时间格式化设置:时区设置
spring.jackson.time-zone=GMT+8

  • 编写接口(UserServiceConsumer)
package com.mk.demo.impl;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import com.mk.demo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Component
public class UserServiceConsumer {

    @Reference
    private UserService userService;

    public String getUserId(Integer id) {
        return userService.getUserId(id);
    }
}

  • 编写控制层(UserController)
package com.mk.demo.controller;

import com.mk.demo.impl.UserServiceConsumer;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RestController
public class UserController {
    @Resource
    private UserServiceConsumer userServiceConsumer;//自动注入上一步创建的服务消费类
    /**
     * http://localhost:8001/getUserId?id=2
     * 使用 dubbo 协议调用远程服务
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/getUserId")
    public Object getUserId(Integer id) {
        return userServiceConsumer.getUserId(id);
    }
}

  • 编写启动类(Application)
package com.mk.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class,args);
    }
}

  • 启动项目

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-fMJegWxS-1663897648624)(C:\Users\shangguanyikong\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\1663834670756.png)]

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