KVM磁盘管理与qga修改虚拟机密码

磁盘管理常用命令

qemu-img info centos1.1.raw # 查看具体信息
qemu-img create -f qcow2 /opt/vm_hfr.qcow2 2G #创建磁盘
qemu-img resize vm_hfr.qcow2 +2G # 扩容 --> +2G(在原基础上增加2G)
qemu-img resize vm_hfr.qcow2 6G # -->+6G(到6G)
qemu-img convert -f raw -O qcow2 centos1.1.raw centos1.1.qcow2 # 格式转换 
virsh edit centos1 # 修改磁盘类型 raw-->qcow2
virsh snapshot-create centos1 # 创建快照
dd if=/dev/zero  of=centos1.raw bs=200M count=1 # 测试内存

快照管理

 mkfs.xfs /opt/centos1.raw #格式化
 mount /opt/centos1.raw /srv #挂载
 df -h

挂载虚拟机磁盘文件

fdisk /opt/centos1.1.raw 

Command (m for help): p

Disk /opt/centos1.1.raw: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000adf13

             Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/opt/centos1.1.raw1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux


echo $((2048*512)) # 计算偏移量
mount -o loop,offset=1048576 /opt/centos1.1.raw /srv

chroot /srv #更改root目录
passwd # 修改密码

快照常用命令

[root@kvm02 opt]# virsh  snapshot-list centos1
 Name                 Creation Time             State
------------------------------------------------------------
 1652621582  # (unix时间戳)         2022-05-15 09:33:02 -0400 running
 1653123386           2022-05-21 04:56:26 -0400 shutoff
 

> https://tool.lu/timestamp/
 # unix时间戳网址
virsh snapshot-create-as  centos1 --name vm_01 # 创建快照并别名
virsh snapshot-delete centos1 --snapshotname 1652621582  # 删除快照
virsh  snapshot-revert centos1 --snapshotname vm_01 # 恢复快照

[root@kvm02 opt]# qemu-img info  centos1.1.qcow2  # 快照保存的位置
image: centos1.1.qcow2
file format: qcow2
virtual size: 10G (10737418240 bytes)
disk size: 2.5G
cluster_size: 65536
Snapshot list:
ID        TAG                 VM SIZE                DATE       VM CLOCK
3         vm_01                  258M 2022-05-21 05:31:51   00:00:54.301
Format specific information:
    compat: 1.1
    lazy refcounts: false

补充

虚拟机操作
ssh root@192.168.122.34
grubby --update-kernel=ALL --args="console=ttyS0,115200n8"
reboot

物理机操作
virsh console centos1

使用qaq修改虚拟机的密码

虚拟机操作
yum install qemu-guest-agent
systemctl start qemu-guest-agent
systemctl enable qemu-guest-agent

物理机操作
ssh root@192.168.122.34
echo 'adadasdadsa' | passwd -stdin root # 随机设置一个密码
virsh set-user-password --user root --password 654321 centos1 # 设置密码

> 前提:(需要保证虚拟机的qemu-guest-agent的服务是启动的)