编译安装keepalived

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本文档详细记录了在CentOS7上编译安装keepalived的过程，包括依赖包安装、源码编译、配置选项、启动服务等步骤。在遇到初始启动失败的问题后，创建了配置文件并成功启动服务，生成了3个VIP地址，并通过ping测试验证了VIP的可用性。虽然没有生成iptables规则，但keepalived已成功运行并实现了VIP漂移。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

编译安装keepalived

[root@centos7 ~]#yum -y install gcc curl openssl-devel libnl3-devel net-snmp-devel
[root@centos7 ~]#tar xvf keepalived-2.2.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src
[root@centos7 ~]#cd /usr/local/src/keepalived-2.2.2/
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#./configure --prefix=/apps/keepalived
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#make && make install
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#ln -s /apps/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#keepalived -v
Keepalived v2.2.2 (03/05,2021)

Copyright(C) 2001-2021 Alexandre Cassen, <acassen@gmail.com>

Built with kernel headers for Linux 3.10.0
Running on Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Oct 19 16:18:59 UTC 2020
Distro: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)

configure options: --prefix=/apps/keepalived

Config options:  LVS VRRP VRRP_AUTH VRRP_VMAC OLD_CHKSUM_COMPAT INIT=systemd

System options:  VSYSLOG LIBNL3 RTA_ENCAP RTA_EXPIRES RTA_PREF FRA_SUPPRESS_PREFIXLEN FRA_TUN_ID RTAX_CC_ALGO RTAX_QUICKACK RTA_VIA IFA_FLAGS NET_LINUX_IF_H_COLLISION LIBIPTC_LINUX_NET_IF_H_COLLISION LIBIPVS_NETLINK IFLA_LINK_NETNSID GLOB_BRACE GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC INET6_ADDR_GEN_MODE SO_MARK

#默认会自动生成unit文件
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service
[Unit]
Description=LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
After=network-online.target syslog.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/run/keepalived.pid
KillMode=process
EnvironmentFile=-/apps/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
ExecStart=/apps/keepalived/sbin/keepalived  $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#cat /apps/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
# Options for keepalived. See `keepalived --help' output and keepalived(8) and
# keepalived.conf(5) man pages for a list of all options. Here are the most
# common ones :
#
# --vrrp               -P    Only run with VRRP subsystem.
# --check              -C    Only run with Health-checker subsystem.
# --dont-release-vrrp  -V    Dont remove VRRP VIPs & VROUTEs on daemon stop.
# --dont-release-ipvs  -I    Dont remove IPVS topology on daemon stop.
# --dump-conf          -d    Dump the configuration data.
# --log-detail         -D    Detailed log messages.
# --log-facility       -S    0-7 Set local syslog facility (default=LOG_DAEMON)
#

KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS="-D"

#默认无法启动
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#systemctl start keepalived.service
Job for keepalived.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status keepalived.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

#创建配置文件
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#mkdir /etc/keepalived
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#cp /apps/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

#再次启动成功
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#systemctl enable --now keepalived.service
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#systemctl status keepalived.service
● keepalived.service - LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2022-04-15 10:48:47 CST; 25s ago
  Process: 11669 ExecStart=/apps/keepalived/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 11670 (keepalived)
   CGroup: /system.slice/keepalived.service
           ├─11670 /apps/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D
           ├─11671 /apps/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D
           └─11672 /apps/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D

Apr 15 10:48:57 centos7 Keepalived_healthcheckers[11671]: HTTP_CHECK on service [192.168.200.2]:tcp:1358 failed ...es.
Apr 15 10:48:57 centos7 Keepalived_healthcheckers[11671]: Removing service [192.168.200.2]:tcp:1358 to VS [10.10...358
Apr 15 10:48:57 centos7 Keepalived_healthcheckers[11671]: Lost quorum 1-0=1 > 0 for VS [10.10.10.2]:tcp:1358
Apr 15 10:48:57 centos7 Keepalived_healthcheckers[11671]: Adding sorry server [192.168.200.200]:tcp:1358 to VS [...358
Apr 15 10:48:57 centos7 Keepalived_healthcheckers[11671]: Removing alive servers from the pool for VS [10.10.10....358
Apr 15 10:48:57 centos7 Keepalived_healthcheckers[11671]: Remote SMTP server [192.168.200.1]:25 connected.
Apr 15 10:48:57 centos7 Keepalived_healthcheckers[11671]: HTTP_CHECK on service [192.168.201.100]:tcp:443 failed...es.
Apr 15 10:48:57 centos7 Keepalived_healthcheckers[11671]: Removing service [192.168.201.100]:tcp:443 to VS [192....443
Apr 15 10:48:57 centos7 Keepalived_healthcheckers[11671]: Lost quorum 1-0=1 > 0 for VS [192.168.200.100]:tcp:443
Apr 15 10:48:57 centos7 Keepalived_healthcheckers[11671]: Remote SMTP server [192.168.200.1]:25 connected.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:33:b7:af brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.0.7/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.200.16/32 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.200.17/32 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.200.18/32 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::1232:ca51:c6c3:ef6c/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

#生成了3个VIP地址
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#hostname -I
10.0.0.7 192.168.200.16 192.168.200.17 192.168.200.18

#测试VIP地址可以访问
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#ping -c 1 192.168.200.18
PING 192.168.200.18 (192.168.200.18) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.200.18: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms

--- 192.168.200.18 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.058/0.058/0.058/0.000 ms
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#ping -c 1 192.168.200.17
PING 192.168.200.17 (192.168.200.17) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.200.17: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms

--- 192.168.200.17 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.054/0.054/0.054/0.000 ms
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#ping -c 1 192.168.200.16
PING 192.168.200.16 (192.168.200.16) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.200.16: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.073 ms

--- 192.168.200.16 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.073/0.073/0.073/0.000 ms

#没有生成iptables规则
[root@centos7 keepalived-2.2.2]#iptables -vnL
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 2121 packets, 139K bytes)
 pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
 pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 4815 packets, 421K bytes)
 pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination