记录笔试中遇到的String.concat的坑

1.以下代码报错类型

String st = null;
st.concat("abd");

NullPointerException

public class trst {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String st = "base";
        st.substring(0,3);
        String st1 = st.substring(0,3);
        System.out.println("st: "+st);
        System.out.println("st1: "+st1);
        st.concat("kt");
        String st2 = st.concat("kt");
        System.out.println("st: "+st);
        System.out.println("st2: "+st2);
        st+="ball";
        System.out.println(st);
    }
}

注意对原字符串的操作都是无效的