Java 异常处理之 NumberFormatException（NumberFormatException 常见抛出方法、NumberFormatException 常见抛出场景）

NumberFormatException 概述

• NumberFormatException 是 Java 中的运行时异常，继承自 IllegalArgumentException

public class NumberFormatException extends IllegalArgumentException {
    ...
}

# 继承关系

java.lang.Object
    -> java.lang.Throwable
        -> java.lang.Exception
            -> java.lang.RuntimeException
                -> java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
                    -> java.lang.NumberFormatException

• NumberFormatException 通常在尝试将字符串转换为数值类型时，但字符串格式不符合数值格式要求时抛出

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NumberFormatException 常见抛出方法

• 当调用以下方法时可能会抛出此异常

static int parseInt(String s) throws NumberFormatException

static long parseLong(String s) throws NumberFormatException

static float parseFloat(String s) throws NumberFormatException

static double parseDouble(String s) throws NumberFormatException

BigInteger(String val)

BigDecimal(String val)

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NumberFormatException 常见抛出场景

1. 字符串包含非数字字符

int result = Integer.parseInt("123a");

System.out.println(result);

# 输出结果

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: "123a"

2. 字符串为空

int result = Integer.parseInt("");

System.out.println(result);

# 输出结果

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: ""

3. 字符串为 null

int result = Integer.parseInt(null);

System.out.println(result);

# 输出结果

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException: Cannot parse null string

4. 数值超出类型范围

int result = Integer.parseInt("2147483648");

System.out.println(result);

# 输出结果

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: "2147483648"

5. 进制转换问题

int result = Integer.parseInt("102", 2); // 2 不属于二进制数字

System.out.println(result);

# 输出结果

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: "102" under radix 2

6. 格式符号问题

double result = Double.parseDouble("3.14.15");

System.out.println(result);

# 输出结果

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException: multiple points

7. BigInteger 的错误输入

BigInteger result = new BigInteger("");

System.out.println(result);

# 输出结果

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NumberFormatException: Zero length BigInteger