单机服务器监控
一,cpu
命令:
w ; top ; top ; uptime ; htop ; glances
w:
[root@node1 ~]# w
19:01:59 up 1 day, 10:10(时间), 3 users(用户数), load average(负载情况): 0.05, 0.09, 0.12
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
root tty1 五08 34:09m 0.03s 0.03s -bash
root pts/0 192.168.211.1 五08 26:42m 1.08s 1.08s -bash
root pts/1 192.168.211.1 (客户端ip) 五09 7.00s 0.51s 0.04s w
top:
top - 19:24:11 up 1 day, 10:33, 3 users, load average: 0.09, 0.07, 0.07
Tasks: 185 total, 1 running, 184 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s)(CPU负载): 0.1 us, 0.3 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.6 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 1865308 total, 196816 free, 394960 used, 1273532 buff/cache
KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 2095356 free, 1792 used. 1115192 avail Mem
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
13154 mysql 20 0 2222156 113528 8740 S 0.7 6.1 15:56.98 mysqld
9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 1:16.73 rcu_sched
691 root 20 0 298928 6192 4840 S 0.3 0.3 3:44.24 vmtoolsd
2048 root 20 0 1112092 32584 13368 S 0.3 1.7 8:30.03 dockerd-current
2065 root 20 0 623900 14608 5144 S 0.3 0.8 5:01.04 docker-containe
12914 zabbix 20 0 219352 2092 844 S 0.3 0.1 0:17.54 zabbix_server
108615 root 20 0 162124 2296 1584 R 0.3 0.1 0:00.52 top
1 root 20 0 193688 6860 4216 S 0.0 0.4 4:32.60 systemd
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.25 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:02.59 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:01.00 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
10 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 lru-add-drain
按1可以看cpu数,和每个CPU使用详情。
time :
[root@node1 ~]# time ls
anaconda-ks.cfg nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm zabbix-5.0.2.tar.gz
mongoDB zabbix-5.0.2
real 0m0.003s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.003s
[root@node1 ~]#
glances:
node1 (CentOS Linux 7.5.1804 64bit / Linux 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64) Uptime: 2 days, 4:50:36
CPU [ 2.0%] CPU 2.0% nice: 0.0% MEM 39.7% SWAP 0.1% LOAD 4-core
MEM [ 39.7%] user: 1.4% irq: 0.0% total: 1.78G total: 2.00G 1 min: 0.00
SWAP [ 0.1%] system: 1.2% iowait: 0.0% used: 723M used: 1.75M 5 min: 0.01
idle: 97.4% steal: 0.0% free: 1.07G free: 2.00G 15 min: 0.05
NETWORK Rx/s Tx/s TASKS 181 (265 thr), 1 run, 180 slp, 0 oth sorted automatically
docker0 0b 0b
ens33 288b 3Kb CPU% MEM% PID USER NI S Command
ens34 0b 0b 7.3 0.9122124 root 0 R /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/glances
lo 424b 424b 2.7 6.2 13154 mysql 0 S /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr -
1.2 1.7 2048 root 0 S /usr/bin/dockerd-current --add-runti
DISK I/O R/s W/s 0.6 0.2 12867 zabbix 0 S /usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server: confi
dm-0 0 134K 0.3 0.4 495 root 0 S /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald
dm-1 0 0 0.3 0.0121066 root 0 S kworker/1:1
sda 0 134K 0.3 0.1 1231 zabbix 0 S /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: collector [
sda1 0 0 0.3 0.8 2065 root 0 S /usr/bin/docker-containerd-current -
sda2 0 134K
sr0 0 0
2021-05-30 13:41:39 No warningor critical alert detected
二,内存
命令:
free, top, glances, htop
free:
[root@node1 ~]# free -m
total(总和) used(使用) free shared buff/cache available(可用)
Mem: 1821 362 169 93 1288 1108
Swap: 2047 1 2046
top:
top - 14:01:45 up 2 days, 5:10, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05
Tasks: 183 total, 1 running, 182 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 0.3 us, 0.8 sy, 0.0 ni, 98.8 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.1 si, 0.0 st
KiB Mem : 39.2/1865308 [|||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ]
KiB Swap: 0.1/2097148 [ ]
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
13154 mysql 20 0 2222156 116828 8740 S 1.0 6.3 26:43.48 mysqld
1 root 20 0 193688 6860 4216 S 0.7 0.4 7:12.75 systemd
495 root 20 0 46744 11288 10932 S 0.7 0.6 5:51.72 systemd-journal
1231 zabbix 20 0 78956 1564 772 S 0.3 0.1 2:36.07 zabbix_agentd
2048 root 20 0 1177628 32840 13376 S 0.3 1.8 13:08.55 dockerd-current
12894 zabbix 20 0 327072 4628 2228 S 0.3 0.2 0:22.06 zabbix_server
12917 zabbix 20 0 219352 2200 944 S 0.3 0.1 3:17.40 zabbix_server
16827 root 20 0 393372 13484 7448 S 0.3 0.7 0:22.07 php-fpm
124861 root 20 0 313228 29744 12684 S 0.3 1.6 0:00.09 flanneld
2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.34 kthreadd
3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:04.10 ksoftirqd/0
5 root 0 -20 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H
7 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:01.22 migration/0
8 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_bh
按m可以查看内存
glances:
node1 (CentOS Linux 7.5.1804 64bit / Linux 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64) Uptime: 2 days, 5:18:23
CPU [ 2.3%] CPU 2.3% nice: 0.0% MEM 39.8% SWAP 0.1% LOAD 4-core
MEM [ 39.8%] user: 1.8% irq: 0.0% total: 1.78G total: 2.00G 1 min: 0.00
SWAP [ 0.1%] system: 1.8% iowait: 0.0% used: 724M used: 1.75M 5 min: 0.01
idle: 96.4% steal: 0.0% free: 1.07G free: 2.00G 15 min: 0.05
NETWORK Rx/s Tx/s TASKS 183 (274 thr), 1 run, 182 slp, 0 oth sorted automatically
docker0 0b 0b
ens33 296b 3Kb CPU% MEM% PID USER NI S Command
ens34 0b 0b 6.8 0.9125920 root 0 R /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/glances
lo 432b 432b 0.3 0.2 12893 zabbix 0 S /usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server: polle
0.3 0.1 12917 zabbix 0 S /usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server: alert
DISK I/O R/s W/s 0.3 0.8 2065 root 0 S /usr/bin/docker-containerd-current -
dm-0 0 39K 0.3 1.8 2048 root 0 S /usr/bin/dockerd-current --add-runti
dm-1 0 0 0.0 0.0 291 root -20 S mpt_poll_0
sda 0 39K 0.0 0.0124135 root 0 S kworker/0:1
sda1 0 0 0.0 0.7 495 root 0 S /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald
sda2 0 39K
sr0 0 0
2021-05-30 14:09:26 No warning or critical alert detected
计算每个进程所占内存
cat /proc//statm |awk ‘{printf “%dm\n”,$1/1024}’
三,磁盘
关注 inode,block,读写速率。
命令:
df -i -h , iotop , glances
df:
[root@node1 ~]# df -ih
文件系统 Inode 已用(I) 可用(I) 已用(I)% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root 8.5M 56K 8.5M 1% /
devtmpfs 225K 403 225K 1% /dev
tmpfs 228K 1 228K 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 228K 797 227K 1% /run
tmpfs 228K 16 228K 1% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 512K 327 512K 1% /boot
tmpfs 228K 1 228K 1% /run/user/0
iotop:
total disk read (总读取)
actual disk read (每次读)
total disk write (总写入)
actual disk write (每次写入)
glances:
dstat:
[root@node1 ~]# dstat
You did not select any stats, using -cdngy by default.
----total-cpu-usage---- -dsk/total- -net/total- ---paging-- ---system--
usr sys idl wai hiq siq| read writ| recv send| in out | int csw
0 0 99 0 0 0|4187B 53k| 0 0 | 0 7B| 370 415
0 0 99 0 0 0| 0 16k| 60B 950B| 0 0 | 338 370
0 0 100 0 0 0| 0 0 | 60B 406B| 0 0 | 282 330
0 0 100 0 0 0| 0 4096B| 60B 346B| 0 0 | 347 404
0 1 99 0 0 0| 0 0 | 60B 406B| 0 0 | 308 339
0 0 100 0 0 0| 0 114k| 60B 406B| 0 0 | 370 460
iostat:
[root@node1 ~]# iostat
Linux 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 (node1) 2021年05月30日 _x86_64_ (4 CPU)
avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
0.26 0.00 0.50 0.03 0.00 99.21
Device: tps kB_read/s kB_wrtn/s kB_read kB_wrtn
sda 2.43 4.08 53.16 801601 10454192
scd0 0.00 0.01 0.00 1028 0
dm-0 2.46 3.93 53.14 772345 10450622
dm-1 0.00 0.01 0.01 2268 1392
四,网络
命令:
glances,iftop, nethogs
glances:
iftop:
nethogs:
五,进程
命令;
通常使用 top
六,tcp状态
命令:
ss, netstat,
ss:
ss -an
常用:ss -an |awk '{print $2}'| sort | uniq -c
[root@node1 ~]# ss -an |awk '{print $2}'| sort | uniq -c
177 ESTAB
49 LISTEN
1 State
1 SYN-SENT
74 UNCONN
[root@node1 ~]#
netstat:
[root@node1 ~]# netstat -nlpt
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1229/zabbix_agentd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10051 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12855/zabbix_serve
r tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 16827/php-fpm: mas
t tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 13154/mysqld
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1199/sshd