1.4.2.2. References to Other Beans (Collaborators) (引用其他bean(协作者))

  Spring Framework Documentation (5.3.10)

Core	IoC Container, Events, Resources, i18n, Validation, Data Binding, Type Conversion, SpEL, AOP.

   Core Technologies

1. The IoC Container

1.1. Introduction to the Spring IoC Container and Beans（Spring IoC容器和bean简介）

1.2. Container Overview （容器概览）

1.3. Bean Overview （Bean概览）

1.4. Dependencies(依赖)

1.4.1. Dependency Injection(依赖注入)

1.4.1.1. Constructor-based Dependency Injection(基于构造函数的依赖注入) (Part I）

1.4.1.1. Constructor-based Dependency Injection(基于构造函数的依赖注入) (Part II）

1.4.1.2.Setter-based Dependency Injection(基于Setter的依赖注入)

1.4.1.3.Dependency Resolution Process(依赖解析过程)  

1.4.1.4. Examples of Dependency Injection(依赖注入示例)

1.4.2. Dependencies and Configuration in Detail(依赖与配置详细介绍)

1.4.3. Using depends-on(使用depends-on)

1.4.4. Lazy-initialized Beans(延迟初始化Bean)

1.4.5. Autowiring Collaborators(自动装配协作者)

1.4.6. Method Injection(方法注入)

1.4.6.1. Lookup Method Injection(查找方法注入)

1.4.6.2. Arbitrary Method Replacement(任意方法替换)

1.5. Bean Scopes（Bean作用域）

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1.4.2.2. References to Other Beans (Collaborators) (引用其他bean(协作者))

The ref element is the final element inside a <constructor-arg/> or <property/> definition element. Here, you set the value of the specified property of a bean to be a reference to another bean (a collaborator) managed by the container. The referenced bean is a dependency of the bean whose property is to be set, and it is initialized on demand as needed before the property is set. (If the collaborator is a singleton bean, it may already be initialized by the container.) All references are ultimately a reference to another object. Scoping and validation depend on whether you specify the ID or name of the other object through the bean or parent attribute.

ref元素是<constructor-arg/>或<property/>定义元素中的最后一个元素。这里，您将bean指定属性的值设置为对容器管理的另一个bean（协作者）的引用。被引用的bean是要设置其属性的bean的依赖项，并且在设置属性之前根据需要对其进行初始化(如果协作者是单例（singleton）bean，它可能已经被容器初始化。）。所有引用最终都是对另一个对象的引用。作用域和验证（Scoping and validation）取决于是否通过bean或parent属性指定其他对象的ID或名称。

Specifying the target bean through the bean attribute of the <ref/> tag is the most general form and allows creation of a reference to any bean in the same container or parent container, regardless of whether it is in the same XML file. The value of the bean attribute may be the same as the id attribute of the target bean or be the same as one of the values in the name attribute of the target bean. The following example shows how to use a ref element:

通过<ref/>标记（tag）的bean属性指定目标bean是最常见的形式，它允许创建对同一容器或父容器中任何bean的引用，而不管它是否在同一XML文件中。bean属性的值可以与目标bean的id属性相同，或者与目标bean的name属性中的一个值相同。以下示例展示了如何使用ref元素：

<ref bean="someBean"/>

Specifying the target bean through the parent attribute creates a reference to a bean that is in a parent container of the current container. The value of the parent attribute may be the same as either the id attribute of the target bean or one of the values in the name attribute of the target bean. The target bean must be in a parent container of the current one. You should use this bean reference variant mainly when you have a hierarchy of containers and you want to wrap an existing bean in a parent container with a proxy that has the same name as the parent bean. The following pair of listings shows how to use the parent attribute:

通过parent属性指定目标bean将创建对当前容器的父容器中的bean的引用。parent 属性的值可以与目标bean的id属性或目标bean的name属性中的一个值相同。目标bean必须位于当前bean的父容器中。当您有容器的层次结构，并且希望使用与父bean同名的代理将现有bean包装到父容器中时，应该主要使用这个bean引用变量。以下两个清单展示了如何使用父属性：

<!-- in the parent context -->
<bean id="accountService" class="com.something.SimpleAccountService">
    <!-- insert dependencies as required as here -->
</bean>
<!-- in the child (descendant) context -->
<bean id="accountService" <!-- bean name is the same as the parent bean -->
    class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
    <property name="target">
        <ref parent="accountService"/> <!-- notice how we refer to the parent bean -->
    </property>
    <!-- insert other configuration and dependencies as required here -->
</bean>

The local attribute on the ref element is no longer supported in the 4.0 beans XSD, since it does not provide value over a regular bean reference any more. Change your existing ref local references to ref bean when upgrading to the 4.0 schema.

ref元素上的local属性在4.0 bean XSD中不再受支持，因为它不再提供常规bean引用上的值。升级到4.0 schema时，将现有的ref 本地引用（ ref local reference）更改为ref bean。