浅拷贝
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Person
{
public:
//有参构造函数
Person(int age, int height)
{
cout << "有参构造函数!" << endl;
m_age = age;
m_height = height;
/*m_height = new int(height);*/
}
public:
int m_age;
int m_height;
};
void test01()
{
Person p1(18, 180);
Person p2(p1);
cout << "p1的年龄: " << p1.m_age << " 身高: " << p1.m_height << endl;
cout << "p2的年龄: " << p2.m_age << " 身高: " << p2.m_height << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
浅拷贝函数和析构函数程序员不需要自己写,编译器会自己帮你完成,在函数test01()中拷贝的函数放在栈区,函数完成之后会自动删除里面的变量。
深拷贝
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Person
{
public:
//有参构造函数
Person(int age, int height)
{
cout << "有参构造函数!" << endl;
m_age = age;
m_height = new int(height);
}
//拷贝构造函数
Person(const Person& p)
{
cout << "拷贝构造函数!" << endl;
//如果不利用深拷贝在堆区创建新内存,会导致浅拷贝带来的重复释放堆区问题
m_age = p.m_age;
m_height = new int(*p.m_height);
}
//析构函数
~Person()
{
cout << "析构函数!" << endl;
delete m_height;
}
public:
int m_age;
int* m_height;
};
void test01()
{
Person p1(18, 180);
Person p2(p1);
cout << "p1的年龄: " << p1.m_age << " 身高: " << *p1.m_height << endl;
cout << "p2的年龄: " << p2.m_age << " 身高: " << *p2.m_height << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
深拷贝的拷贝函数和析构函数需要程序员自己写,把变量放在堆区,并且在构造函数和拷贝函数中分别要在堆区创建新的空间,如果只在构造函数中创造没有在拷贝函数中创造,那么析构函数会连续删除两次堆区中的同一空间,编译器出错。