SpringMVC总结

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-23 09:13:39 发布

Chet 豪

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-23 09:13:39 发布

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分类专栏：笔记文章标签： spring mvc

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SpringMVC总结

初始配置
乱码问题
jackson

初始配置

配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
        version="4.0">

   <!--1.注册servlet-->
   <servlet>
       <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
       <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
       <!--通过初始化参数指定SpringMVC配置文件的位置，进行关联-->
       <init-param>
           <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
           <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
       </init-param>
       <!-- 启动顺序，数字越小，启动越早 -->
       <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
   </servlet>

   <!--所有请求都会被springmvc拦截 -->
   <servlet-mapping>
       <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
       <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

/ 和 /* 的区别：< url-pattern > / </ url-pattern > 不会匹配到.jsp，只针对我们编写的请求；即：.jsp 不会进入spring的 DispatcherServlet类。< url-pattern > /* </ url-pattern > 会匹配 *.jsp，会出现返回 jsp视图时再次进入spring的DispatcherServlet 类，导致找不到对应的controller所以报404错。

配置SpringMVC文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 自动扫描包，让指定包下的注解生效,由IOC容器统一管理 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller"/>
    <!-- 让Spring MVC不处理静态资源 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />
    <!--
    支持mvc注解驱动
        在spring中一般采用@RequestMapping注解来完成映射关系
        要想使@RequestMapping注解生效
        必须向上下文中注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping
        和一个AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter实例
        这两个实例分别在类级别和方法级别处理。
        而annotation-driven配置帮助我们自动完成上述两个实例的注入。
     -->
       <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
            </bean>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="objectMapper">
                    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                        <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!-- 视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <!-- 后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

创建Controller类

package com.kuang.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class ControllerTest {
    //自定义的访问位置
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public String test2(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg","Hello,ControllerTest2");
     //已创建的jsp页面名称
        return  "hello";

    }

乱码问题

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.kuang.Filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        
        <url-pattern> /*</url-pattern>
        
    </filter-mapping>
  </web-app>

配置过滤器

package com.kuang.Filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        chain.doFilter(request,response);
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }
}

jackson

依赖导入

   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-annotations -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.2</version>
        </dependency>

fastjson

       //javaObject->JsonString
        String user1ToJsonString = JSON.toJSONString(user1);
        //jsonString->javaObject
        User user2 =  JSON.parseObject(user1ToJsonString,User.class);
        //javaObject->jsonObject
        JSONObject user1ToJsonObject = (JSONObject) JSON.toJSON(user1);
        //jsonObject->javaObject
        User user3 = JSON.toJavaObject(user1ToJsonObject, User.class);

实体类

@Controller
public class UserController {
   //@RequestMapping(value = "/j1", produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8")
    @RequestMapping("/j1")
   //可以跳过视图解析器
    @ResponseBody
    public  String jason1() throws JsonProcessingException {
        ObjectMapper mapper=new ObjectMapper();
        User user =new User("李四",20,"male");
        String string = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
        return string;
    }

@Controller和 @ResponseBody配合使用
@RestController可以代替@Controller和 @ResponseBody

@RestController
public class UserController {
    @RequestMapping("/j1")
    public  String jason1() throws JsonProcessingException {
        ObjectMapper mapper=new ObjectMapper();
        User user =new User("李四",20,"male");
        String string = mapper.writeValueAsString(user);
        return string;
    }
}

乱码解决

第一种：@RequestMapping注解中有一个produces，设置成utf-8

@RequestMapping(value = "/xx", produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8")

第二种： springMVC配置文件上添加StringHttpMessageConverter转换配置

<!--Jackson乱码解决-->
<mvc:annotation-driven>
    <mvc:message-converters>
        <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
            <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
        </bean>
        <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
            <property name="objectMapper">
                <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                    <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
                </bean>
            </property>
        </bean>
    </mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>