Springmvc入门及增删改查

一、Springmvc简介和配置

Springmvc与struts相似，不同的是

1.struts配置的是过滤器，springMVC配置的是servlet

2.struts每写一个子控制器都需要在xml中配置，但是springMVC只需要配置一次

3.针对于结果的跳转，struts中需要额外配置，springMVC不需要

共同点：

1.web.xml进行核心类的配置

2.子控制器都需要交给框架来管理

SpringMVC处理请求的流程

1.首先用户发送请求----》DispatherServlet   找到 hangdlermapping使hangdlermapping拿到 

/hello字符串

2.HandlerAdapt 通过 /hello找到对应方法

3.方法被调用，return一个结果

4.结果会变成modelAndVie  通过 InternalResourceViewResolver实现这个过程返回到客户端

二、Springmvc之helloword实现

步骤：

1.配置pom依赖

  <dependency>
             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
             <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

如果有spring-context依赖必须替换掉

2.修改web.xml文件

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <!-- 读取Spring上下文的监听器 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!--此参数可以不配置，默认值为：/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    <!--web.xml 3.0的新特性，是否支持异步-->
    <async-supported>true</async-supported>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3.创建文件夹spring-mvc

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    <!-- 通过context:component-scan元素扫描指定包下的控制器-->
    <!--1) 扫描com.javaxl.zf及子子孙孙包下的控制器(扫描范围过大，耗时)-->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.sjy"/>

    <!--2) 此标签默认注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter -->
    <!--两个bean，这两个bean是spring MVC为@Controllers分发请求所必须的。并提供了数据绑定支持，-->
    <!--@NumberFormatannotation支持，@DateTimeFormat支持，@Valid支持，读写XML的支持（JAXB），读写JSON的支持（Jackson）-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!--3) ViewResolver -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- viewClass需要在pom中引入两个包：standard.jar and jstl.jar -->
        <property name="viewClass"
                  value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"></property>
        <property name="prefix" value="/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--4) 单独处理图片、样式、js等资源 -->
    <!--<mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**"/>-->
   <!-- <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**"/>-->
    <!--<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>-->


</beans>

 4.建立HelloController类

package com.sjy.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
        return "hello";
    }
}

 @Controller 表示交给spring进行管理

@RequestMapping("/hello")相当于struts-sy中的 Action标签的配置

5.建立jsp页面

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: 小宝的宝
  Date: 2021/12/17
  Time: 20:50
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
hello springMVC
</body>
</html>

6.配置tomcat，选择下面第四个

因为第四个已经编译好了，运行起来较快 

 

 

选择浏览器和更新类和资源（修改页面内容自动更新）

7.启动项目

页面效果

 控制台

项目启动成功！！！ 

三、Springmvc常用注解及返回值处理

1.建立BookController类

package com.sjy.controller;

import com.sjy.model.Book;
import com.sjy.service.BookService;
import com.sjy.util.PageBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;


@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;

    @RequestMapping("/preSave")
    public String preSave(Book book, HttpServletRequest request){
        if(book.getBid() != null){
            Book b = this.bookService.selectByPrimaryKey(book.getBid());
            request.setAttribute("book2",b);
        }

        return "bookEdit";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/add")
    public String add(Book book){
        this.bookService.insert(book);
        return "redirect:/book/list";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/del/{bid}")
    public String del(@PathVariable(value = "bid") Integer bid){
        this.bookService.deleteByPrimaryKey(bid);
        return "redirect:/book/list";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/list")
    public String list(HttpServletRequest request,Book book){
        PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
        pageBean.setRequest(request);
        Map map = new HashMap();
        map.put("bname","%圣墟%");
        List<Map> list = this.bookService.listPager(map, pageBean);
        request.setAttribute("bookList",list);
        request.setAttribute("pageBean",pageBean);
        return "bookList";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/edit")
    public String edit(Book book){
        this.bookService.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(book);
        return "redirect:/book/list";
    }
}

@Controller ：标识当前controller类交给spring进行管理

@RequestMapping：
①此注解标记在类上面，那么相当于struts中命名空间的概念sy/book.action
②此注解标记在方法上，仅代表浏览器访问地址

springMVC针对于结果的处理有四种形式： 

①转发到页面 ：“hello”

②重定向到页面  ：“redirect：hello”

③转发到子控制器 ：“forward：/book/list”

④重定向到子控制器  ：return “redirect:/book/list”

删除方法中 

@RequestMapping("/del/{bid}")和@PathVariable(value = "bid") Integer bid

第一个的pid要与第二个的pid一致，否则拿不到

@PathVariable将浏览器中最后的参数进行封装获取

2.建立查询和修改的页面

bookList

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
     <%--<%@ taglib uri="/zking" prefix="z" %>--%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
	function add(){
		// window.location.href = "bookEdit.jsp";
		window.location.href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/preSave";
	}
	
	function update(bid){
		window.location.href = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/preSave?bid="+bid;
	}
	
	function del(bid){
		window.location.href = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/"+bid;
	}
</script>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/list"
		method="post">
		书名：<input type="text" name="bname"> <input type="submit"
			value="确定">
	</form>
	<button onclick="add();">新增</button>
	<table border="1" width="100%">
		<tr>
			<td>编号</td>
			<td>名称</td>
			<td>价格</td>
			<td>操作</td>
		</tr>
		<c:forEach items="${bookList }" var="b">
			<tr>
				<td>${b.bid }</td>
				<td>${b.bname }</td>
				<td>${b.price }</td>
				<td>
					<button onclick="update(${b.bid });">修改</button>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
					<button onclick="del(${b.bid });">删除</button>
				</td>
			</tr>
		</c:forEach>
	</table>
	<%--<z:page pageBean="${pageBean }"></z:page>--%>
</body>
</html>

bookEdit

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
	function doSubmit(bid){
		var bookForm = document.getElementById("bookForm");
		if(bid){
			//修改时候执行
			bookForm.action = '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/edit';
		}else{
			//新增时候执行
			bookForm.action = '${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/add';
		}
		bookForm.submit();
	}
</script>
</head>
<body>
	<form id="bookForm" action="" method="post">
		bid:<input type="text" name="bid" value="${book2.bid }"><br>
		bname:<input type="text" name="bname" value="${book2.bname }"><br>
		price:<input type="text" name="price" value="${book2.price }"><br>
		<input type="submit" value="提交" onclick="doSubmit('${book2.bid }');"><br>
	</form>
</body>
</html>

3.运行

四、Springmvc静态资源处理

把图片当成一个请求处理

需要在spring-mvc中进行配置

<mvc:resources location="/static/" mapping="/static/**"/>