select实现tcp并发服务器

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已于 2023-04-24 18:14:13 修改

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文章标签： tcp/ip 服务器网络

于 2023-04-20 18:42:22 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_52741083/article/details/130273019

版权

该代码示例展示了如何使用C语言实现一个简单的TCP服务器，它监听指定IP和端口，接收客户端连接并进行通信。当接收到输入时，服务器会广播消息给所有已连接的客户端。同时，还有一个对应的客户端程序，用于连接到服务器并接收广播的消息。

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server

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>         //exit()
#include <stdlib.h>         //
#include <sys/types.h>      //socket()
#include <sys/socket.h>     //socket()
#include <netinet/in.h>     //struct sockaddr_in
#include <arpa/inet.h>      //inet_addr
#include <string.h>         //strlen()

#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/time.h>


#define ERR_LOG(errmsg) do{\
    perror(errmsg);\
    fprintf(stdout, "%s - %s - %d", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);\
    exit(1);\
}while(0)

#define MAX 128

int main( int argc, char *argv[])
{
    if( argc != 3 )
    {
        fprintf( stdout, "Usage:%s<IP><port>\n", argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }

    int sockfd, acceptfd; //套接字,sockfd负责连接，accept负责通信
    struct sockaddr_in serveraddr, clientaddr; //服务器网络信息结构体，客户端网络信息结构体
    socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(serveraddr);   //网络信息结构体大小
    char buf[MAX] = {0};    //用于通信存放数据
    //创建套接字
    if( (sockfd = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1 )
    {
        ERR_LOG("fail to socket");
    }
    //填充网络信息结构体
    serveraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serveraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
    serveraddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
    //绑定套接字和网络信息结构体
    if( bind( sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&serveraddr, addrlen) == -1 )
    {
        ERR_LOG("fail to bind");
    }
    //设置套接字为监听状态
    if( listen( sockfd, 5) == -1 )
    {
        ERR_LOG("fail to listen");
    }

    // 初始化表
    fd_set readfds, tempfds;
    FD_ZERO(&readfds);
    FD_ZERO(&tempfds);
    FD_SET(sockfd,&readfds);
    FD_SET(0,&readfds);
    int maxfd = sockfd;
    int select_retval = 0;
    int recv_retval = 0;
    while(1)
    {
        tempfds = readfds;
        if( (select_retval = select(maxfd + 1,&tempfds,NULL,NULL,NULL)) == -1 )
        {
            ERR_LOG("fail to select");
        }
        
        for(int i = 0; i < maxfd + 1; i++)
        {
            if(FD_ISSET(i,&tempfds))
            {
                if(i == sockfd)
                {
                    if( (acceptfd = accept( sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&clientaddr, &addrlen)) == -1 )
                    {
                        ERR_LOG("fail to accept");
                    }
                    printf("客户端已连接: <ip>:%s <port>:%d\n",inet_ntoa(clientaddr.sin_addr), ntohs(clientaddr.sin_port));
                    FD_SET(acceptfd,&readfds);
                    maxfd = maxfd > acceptfd ? maxfd : acceptfd;
                    printf("maxfd = %d\n", maxfd);
                }
                else if(i == 0) // 广播
                {
                    memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
                    fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),stdin);
				    buf[strlen(buf)-1] = 0;
                    for(int j = sockfd + 1; j < maxfd + 1; j++)
                    {
                        if(FD_ISSET(j,&readfds))
                        {      
                            if(send(j,buf,sizeof(buf),0)<0)
                            {
                                ERR_LOG("fail to send");
                                return -1;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    recv_retval = recv(i, &buf, sizeof(buf),0); // 如果发送方关闭套接字或者结束进程，recv的返回值是0
                    if( recv_retval == 0 )
                    {
                        FD_CLR(i, &readfds); // 从合集中清除文件描述符。
                        close(i);       // 关闭文件描述符
                        printf("%d客户端已退出\n",i);
                        for(int j=maxfd;j>0;j--)    // 刷新maxfd
					    {
                            if(FD_ISSET(j,&readfds))
                            {
                                maxfd = j;
                                break;
                            }
					    }
                    }
                    else
                    printf("%s %d:%s\n", inet_ntoa(clientaddr.sin_addr), ntohs(clientaddr.sin_port), buf);
                }
            }
        }
    }


     return 0;
}

client

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>         //exit()
#include <stdlib.h>         //
#include <sys/types.h>      //socket()
#include <sys/socket.h>     //socket()
#include <netinet/in.h>     //struct sockaddr_in
#include <arpa/inet.h>      //inet_addr
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

#define ERR_LOG(errmsg) do{\
    perror(errmsg);\
    fprintf(stdout, "%s - %s - %d", __FILE__, __func__, __LINE__);\
    exit(1);\
}while(0)

#define MAX 128

int main( int argc, char *argv[])
{
    if( argc != 3 )
    {
        fprintf( stdout, "Usage:%s<IP><port>\n", argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }

    int sockfd; //套接字,sockfd负责连接，accept负责通信
    struct sockaddr_in serveraddr; //服务器网络信息结构体
    socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(serveraddr);   //网络信息结构体大小
    char buf[MAX] = {0};    //用于通信存放数据
    //1. 创建套接字
    if( (sockfd = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1 )
    {
        ERR_LOG("fail to socket");
    }
    //2. 填充网络信息结构体
    serveraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serveraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
    serveraddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
    //3. 请求连接
    if( connect( sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&serveraddr, addrlen) == -1 )
    {
        ERR_LOG("fail to connect");
    }
    //通信

    fd_set readfds, tempfds;
    FD_ZERO(&readfds);
    FD_ZERO(&tempfds);
    FD_SET(sockfd,&readfds);
    FD_SET(0,&readfds);
    int maxfd = sockfd;
    int select_retval = 0;
    int recv_retval = 0;

    while(1)
    {
        tempfds = readfds;
        if( (select_retval = select(maxfd + 1,&tempfds,NULL,NULL,NULL)) == -1 )
        {
            ERR_LOG("fail to select");
        }
        
        for(int i = 0; i < maxfd + 1; i++)
        {
            if(FD_ISSET(i,&tempfds))
            {
                if(i == 0)
                {
                    memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
                    fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),stdin);
				    buf[strlen(buf)-1] = 0;  
                    if(send(sockfd,buf,sizeof(buf),0)<0)
                    {
                        ERR_LOG("fail to send");
                        return -1;
                    }
                }
                else if(i == sockfd)
                {
                    recv_retval = recv(i, &buf, sizeof(buf),0);
                    if( recv_retval == 0 )
                    {
                        ERR_LOG("服务器已关闭");
                        close(sockfd);
                        exit(1);
                    }
                    printf("收到服务器广播：%s\n",buf);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}