SpringMVC请求入门案例

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-29 22:42:46 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-10-29 22:42:46 发布

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分类专栏： SpringMVC 文章标签： java 前端开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_52851967/article/details/123213461

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1、项目结构

2、UserController代码

package com.itheima.controller;

import domain.User;
import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    //方法传递普通类型参数，数量任意，类型必须匹配
    //http://localhost/requestParam1?name=itheima
    //http://localhost/requestParam1?name=itheima&age=14
    @RequestMapping("/requestParam1")
    public String requestParam1(String name,int age){
        System.out.println(name+","+age);
        return "page.jsp";
    }

    //方法传递普通类型参数，使用@RequestParam参数匹配URL传参中的参数名称与方法形参名称
    //http://localhost/requestParam2?userName=Jock
    @RequestMapping("/requestParam2")
    public String requestParam2(@RequestParam(value = "userName",required = true) String name){
        System.out.println(name);
        return "page.jsp";
    }

    //方法传递POJO类型参数，URL地址中的参数作为POJO的属性直接传入对象
    //http://localhost/requestParam3?name=Jock&age=39
    @RequestMapping("/requestParam3")
    public String requestParam3(User user){
        System.out.println(user);
        return "page.jsp";
    }

    //当方法参数中具有POJO类型参数与普通类型参数嘶，URL地址传入的参数不仅给POJO对象属性赋值，也给方法的普通类型参数赋值
    //http://localhost/requestParam4?name=Jock&age=39
    @RequestMapping("/requestParam4")
    public String requestParam4(User user,int age){
        System.out.println("user="+user+",age="+age);
        return "page.jsp";
    }

    //使用对象属性名.属性名的对象层次结构可以为POJO中的POJO类型参数属性赋值
    //http://localhost/requestParam5?address.city=beijing
    @RequestMapping("/requestParam5")
    public String requestParam5(User user){
        System.out.println(user.getAddress().getCity());
        return "page.jsp";
    }

    //通过URL地址中同名参数，可以为POJO中的集合属性进行赋值，集合属性要求保存简单数据
    //http://localhost/requestParam6?nick=Jock1&nick=Jockme&nick=zahc
    @RequestMapping("/requestParam6")
    public String requestParam6(User user){
        System.out.println(user);
        return "page.jsp";
    }

    //POJO中List对象保存POJO的对象属性赋值，使用[数字]的格式指定为集合中第几个对象的属性赋值
    //http://localhost/requestParam7?addresses[0].city=beijing&addresses[1].province=hebei
    @RequestMapping("/requestParam7")
    public String requestParam7(User user){
        System.out.println(user.getAddresses());
        return "page.jsp";
    }
    //POJO中Map对象保存POJO的对象属性赋值，使用[key]的格式指定为Map中的对象属性赋值
    //http://localhost/requestParam8?addressMap['job'].city=beijing&addressMap['home'].province=henan
    @RequestMapping("/requestParam8")
    public String requestParam8(User user){
        System.out.println(user.getAddressMap());
        return "page.jsp";
    }

    //方法传递普通类型的数组参数，URL地址中使用同名变量为数组赋值
    //http://localhost/requestParam9?nick=Jockme&nick=zahc
    @RequestMapping("/requestParam9")
    public String requestParam9(String[] nick){
        System.out.println(nick[0]+","+nick[1]);
        return "page.jsp";
    }

    //方法传递保存普通类型的List集合时，无法直接为其赋值，需要使用@RequestParam参数对参数名称进行转换
    //http://localhost/requestParam10?nick=Jockme&nick=zahc
    @RequestMapping("/requestParam10")
    public String requestParam10(@RequestParam("nick") List<String> nick){
        System.out.println(nick);
        return "page.jsp";
    }

    //数据类型转换，使用自定义格式化器或@DateTimeFormat注解设定日期格式
    //两种方式都依赖springmvc的注解启动才能运行
    //http://localhost/requestParam11?date=1999-09-09
    @RequestMapping("/requestParam11")
    public String requestParam11(@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd") Date date){
        System.out.println(date);
        return "page.jsp";
    }

    //数据类型转换，使用自定义类型转换器，需要配置后方可使用
    //http://localhost/requestParam12?date=1999-09-09
    @RequestMapping("/requestParam12")
    public String requestParam12(Date date){
        System.out.println(date);
        return "page.jsp";
    }

    //无类映射地址访问格式
    //http://localhost/requestURL1
    @RequestMapping("/requestURL1")
    public String requestURL1(){
        return "page.jsp";
    }

    //带有类映射地址访问格式，需要将类映射地址作为前缀添加在实际映射地址的前面
    //最终返回的页面如果未设定绝对访问路径，将从类映射地址所在目录中查找
    //http://localhost/user/requestURL2     （注意：要配合类上定义的路径使用）
    @RequestMapping("/requestURL2")
    public String requestURL2(){
        return "/page.jsp";
    }

    //@RequestMapping参数，一个路径参数，6个访问限定性参数（了解）
    @RequestMapping(value="/requestURL3",params = "name")
    public String requestURL3(){
        return "page.jsp";
    }
}

3、MyDateConverter代码

package com.itheima.converter;

import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter;

import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
//自定义类型转换器，实现Converter接口，接口中指定的泛型即为最终作用的条件
//本例中的泛型填写的是String，Date，最终出现字符串转日期时，该类型转换器生效
public class MyDateConverter implements Converter<String, Date> {
    //重写接口的抽象方法，参数由泛型决定
    public Date convert(String source) {
        DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        Date date = null;
        //类型转换器无法预计使用过程中出现的异常，因此必须在类型转换器内部捕获，不允许抛出，框架无法预计此类异常如何处理
        try {
            date = df.parse(source);
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return date;
    }
}

4、Address代码

package domain;

public class Address {
    private String province;
    private String city;
    private String address;

    public String getProvince() {
        return province;
    }

    public void setProvince(String province) {
        this.province = province;
    }

    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }

    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Address{" +
                "provice='" + province + '\'' +
                ", city='" + city + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

}

5、User代码

package domain;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class User {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;

    private Address address;

    private List<String> nick;

    private List<Address> addresses;

    public List<Address> getAddresses() {
        return addresses;
    }

    public Map<String,Address> addressMap;

    public Map<String, Address> getAddressMap() {
        return addressMap;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", address=" + address +
                ", nick=" + nick +
                ", addresses=" + addresses +
                ", addressMap=" + addressMap +
                '}';
    }

    public void setAddressMap(Map<String, Address> addressMap) {
        this.addressMap = addressMap;
    }

    public void setAddresses(List<Address> addresses) {
        this.addresses = addresses;
    }

    public List<String> getNick() {
        return nick;
    }

    public void setNick(List<String> nick) {
        this.nick = nick;
    }

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

}

6、spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"/>



    <!--    自定义格式转换器案例，配合不带@DateTimeFormat的requestParam11使用-->
    <!--    自定义格式转换器案例，配合不带@DateTimeFormat的requestParam11使用-->
    <!--    自定义格式转换器案例，配合不带@DateTimeFormat的requestParam11使用-->
    <!--    自定义格式转换器案例，配合不带@DateTimeFormat的requestParam11使用-->
    <!--开启注解驱动，加载自定义格式化转换器对应的类型转换服务-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"/>
    <!--自定义格式化转换器-->
    <bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
        <!--覆盖格式化转换器定义规则，该规则是一个set集合，对格式化转换器来说是追加和替换的思想，而不是覆盖整体格式化转换器-->
        <property name="formatters">
            <set>
                <!--具体的日期格式化转换器-->
                <bean class="org.springframework.format.datetime.DateFormatter">
                    <!--具体的规则，不具有通用性，仅适用于当前的日期格式化转换器-->
                    <property name="pattern" value="yyyy-MM-dd"/>
                </bean>
            </set>
        </property>
    </bean>



    <!--    自定义格式转换器案例，配合带@DateTimeFormat的requestParam11使用-->
    <!--    自定义格式转换器案例，配合带@DateTimeFormat的requestParam11使用-->
    <!--    自定义格式转换器案例，配合带@DateTimeFormat的requestParam11使用-->
    <!--    自定义格式转换器案例，配合带@DateTimeFormat的requestParam11使用-->

    <mvc:annotation-driven/>



    <!--    自定义格数据类型转换器案例，配合requestParam12使用-->
    <!--    自定义格数据类型转换器案例，配合requestParam12使用-->
    <!--    自定义格数据类型转换器案例，配合requestParam12使用-->
    <!--    自定义格数据类型转换器案例，配合requestParam12使用-->

    <mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"/>
    <!--自定义类型转换器-->
    <bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
        <!--覆盖类型转换器定义规则，该规则是一个set集合，对类型转换器来说是追加和替换的思想，而不是覆盖整体格式化转换器-->
        <property name="converters">
            <set>
                <!--添加自定义的类型转换器，会根据定义的格式覆盖系统中默认的格式-->
                <!--当前案例中是将String转换成Date的类型转换器进行了自定义，所以添加后，系统中原始自带的String——>Date的类型转换器失效-->
                <bean class="com.itheima.converter.MyDateConverter"/>
            </set>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

7、web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath*:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

8、page.jsp

<%@page pageEncoding="UTF-8" language="java" contentType="text/html;UTF-8" %>
<html>
<body>
<h1>请求参数测试页面</h1>
</body>
</html>

9、pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc_request</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <!--设置插件-->
    <plugins>
      <!--具体的插件配置-->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
        <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <port>80</port>
          <path>/</path>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>



















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