Linux基础第三天作业

(1)查看/etc/passwd文件的第6行
1.[root@localhost ~]# cat -n /etc/passwd
6 sync❌5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
2.[root@localhost ~]# head -n 6 /etc/passwd
root❌0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin❌1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon❌2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm❌3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp❌4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync❌5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync

(2)查看/etc/selinux/config以SELINUX开头的行
[root@localhost ~]# grep ^SELINUX /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=enforcing
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
[root@localhost ~]#

(3)查找/etc/ssh/sshd_config以no结尾的行
[root@localhost ~]# grep no$ /etc/ssh/sshd_config

(4)过滤/etc/ssh/sshd_config包含数字的行
[root@localhost ~]# grep [0-9] /etc/ssh/sshd_config

2、文本处理
查看/etc/passwd文件以"："为分隔符的第一列内容，并按字母逆序排序写入/username文件
统计/etc/passwd文件一共有几行，只把行数显示。
方法一：[root@localhost ~]# cut -d : -f 1 /etc/passwd >username
[root@localhost ~]# sort -r username -r 首字母逆向排序
方法二：[root@localhost ~]# cut -d : -f 1 /etc/passwd | sort -r >username
[root@localhost ~]# cat username
[root@localhost ~]# wc -l /etc/passwd -l ：只显示行数
46 /etc/passwd

3、文件查找
1>在当前目录及子目录中，查找大写字母开头的txt文件
[root@localhost ~]# find -name ‘[A-Z]*.txt’ -print
./A.txt
./Z.txt
./L.txt

2>在当前目录及子目录中，查找a开头的文件
[root@localhost ~]# find -name ‘a*’ -print
./anaconda-ks.cfg
./.cache/evolution/addressbook
./.cache/gnome-software/appstream
./.local/share/gnome-shell/application_state
./.local/share/evolution/addressbook
./.local/share/applications
./a
./abc
./acc
./abd

3>在KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 39: …ot@localhost ~]#̲ find -name 'HOME*’ -print
4、介绍4个文件查找的区别
whereis： 搜索系统命令的命令，不能搜索普通文件:，查找所有文件，包括各可执行文件
which ：查找系统命令文件
loacle ：基于数据文件进行查找，所以每次查找前需要通过updaedb更新据库文件进行查找
find ：全盘搜索，通过文件属性搜索需要的文件

5.在newfile文件中编写以下内容(通过echo cat vim三种方式实现)He love his lover
He love his liker
He like his lover
He like his liker
以cat的方式实现编辑
[root@localhost ~]# cat < nwefile

He love his lover
He love his liker
He like his lover
He like his liker
a
[root@localhost ~]#
以echo方式实现编辑
[root@localhost ~]# echo -e “echo He love his lover\echo He love his liker\echo He like his lover\echo He like his liker\n”>newfiee
[root@localhost ~]# cat newfiee
echo He love his lover
ho He love his liker
ho He like his lover
ho He like his liker

以vim的方式实现编辑
[root@localhost ~]# vim aaa
[root@localhost ~]# cat aaa
He love his lover
He love his liker
He like his love
He like his liker
[root@localhost ~]#