#1、案例
##2、心得
通过这个案列,让我对C++的面向对象特性有了更深的理解,对一切皆对象也有了一定的了解,对多态的优点也有了一定的认识,同时复习了基本的循环、判断和顺序结构。在这个案列中对工程文件的组织结构有了一定的了解。
###3、代码
1、boss类头文件
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"
//老板类
class Boss :public Worker
{
public:
//构造函数
Boss(int id, string name, int dId);
//显示个人信息
virtual void showInfo();
//获取岗位名称
virtual string getDeptName();
};
2、Employee类头文件
//普通员工文件
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"
class Employee :public Worker
{
public:
//构造函数
Employee(int id, string name, int dId);
//显示个人信息
virtual void showInfo() ;
//获取岗位名称
virtual string getDeptName() ;
};
3、Manager类头文件
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"
//经理类
class Manager :public Worker
{
public:
//构造函数
Manager(int id, string name, int dId);
//显示个人信息
virtual void showInfo();
//获取岗位名称
virtual string getDeptName();
};
4、抽象职工父类
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
//职工抽象基类
class Worker
{
public:
//显示个人信息
virtual void showInfo() = 0;
//获取岗位名称
virtual string getDeptName() = 0;
int m_Id;//职工编号
string m_Name;//职工姓名
int m_DeptId;//职工所在部门名称编号
};
5、职工管理系统类头文件
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"
#include"employee.h"
#include"manager.h"
#include"boss.h"
#include<fstream>
#define FILENAME "systemFile.txt"
class WorkerManager
{
public:
//构造函数
WorkerManager();
//展示菜单函数
void show_Menu();
//退出系统
void ExitSystem();
//记录职工的人数
int m_EmpNum;
//职工数组指针
Worker** m_EmpArray;
//添加员工
void Add_Emp();
//保存文件
void save();
//判断文件是否为空 标志
bool m_FileIsEmpty;
//统计文件中的人数
int get_EmpNum();
//初始化员工
void init_Emp();
//显示职工
void Show_Emp();
//删除职工
void Del_Emp();
//判断职工是否存在,如果存在返回职工所在数组中的位置,不存在返回-1
int IsExist(int id);
//修改职工
void Mod_Emp();
//查找职工
void Find_Emp ();
//排序职工
void Sort_Emp();
//清空文件
void Clean_File();
//析构函数
~WorkerManager();
};
6、boss类源文件
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include"boss.h"
//构造函数
Boss::Boss(int id, string name, int dId)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_DeptId = dId;
}
//显示个人信息
void Boss::showInfo()
{
cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_Id
<< "\t职工姓名:" << this->m_Name
<< "\t岗位:" << this->getDeptName()
<< "\t岗位职责:管理公司所有的事务" << endl;
}
//获取岗位名称
string Boss::getDeptName()
{
return string("老板");
}
7、Employee类源文件
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include"employee.h"
//构造函数
Employee::Employee(int id,string name,int dId)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_DeptId = dId;
}
//显示个人信息
void Employee::showInfo()
{
cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_Id
<< "\t职工姓名:" << this->m_Name
<< "\t岗位:" << this->getDeptName()
<< "\t岗位职责:完成经理交给的任务" << endl;
}
//获取岗位名称
string Employee::getDeptName()
{
return string("岗位");
}
8、Manager类源文件
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include"manager.h"
//构造函数
Manager::Manager(int id, string name, int dId)
{
this->m_Id = id;
this->m_Name = name;
this->m_DeptId = dId;
}
//显示个人信息
void Manager::showInfo()
{
cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_Id
<< "\t职工姓名:" << this->m_Name
<< "\t岗位:" << this->getDeptName()
<< "\t岗位职责:完成老板交给的任务,并下发任务给普通员工" << endl;
}
//获取岗位名称
string Manager::getDeptName()
{
return string("经理");
}
9、职工管理系统类源文件
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include"workerManager.h"
WorkerManager::WorkerManager()
{
//1、文件不存在
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);//读文件
if (!ifs.is_open())
{
cout << "文件不存在" << endl;
//初始化属性
//初始化记录人数
this->m_EmpNum = 0;
//初始化数组指针
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
//初始化文件是否为空
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
ifs.close();
return;
}
//2、文件存在,并且没有记录
char ch;
ifs >> ch;
if (ifs.eof())
{
cout << "文件为空" << endl;
//初始化属性
//初始化记录人数
this->m_EmpNum = 0;
//初始化数组指针
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
//初始化文件是否为空
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
ifs.close();
return;
}
//3、文件存在,并且记录数据
int num = this->get_EmpNum();
//cout << "职工人数为:" << num << endl;
this->m_EmpNum = num;
//开辟空间
this->m_EmpArray = new Worker * [this->m_EmpNum];
//将文件中的数据,存到数组中
this->init_Emp();
//测试代码
/*for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
cout << "职工编号:" << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id
<< "姓名:" << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name
<< "部门编号:" << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_DeptId << endl;
}*/
}
//展示菜单函数
void WorkerManager::show_Menu()
{
cout << "**********************************" << endl;
cout << "****** 欢迎使用职工管理系统 ******" << endl;
cout << "********* 0.退出管理系统 *********" << endl;
cout << "********* 1.增加职工信息 *********" << endl;
cout << "********* 2.显示职工信息 *********" << endl;
cout << "********* 3.删除离职职工 *********" << endl;
cout << "********* 4.修改职工信息 *********" << endl;
cout << "********* 5.查找职工信息 *********" << endl;
cout << "********* 6.按照编号排序 *********" << endl;
cout << "********* 7.清空所有文档 *********" << endl;
cout<< "**********************************" << endl;
cout << endl;
}
//退出系统
void WorkerManager::ExitSystem()
{
cout << "欢迎下次使用!" << endl;
system("pause");
exit(0);//退出程序
}
//添加员工
void WorkerManager::Add_Emp()
{
cout << "请输入添加员工的数量:" << endl;
int addNum = 0;//保存用户的输入数量
cin >> addNum;
if (addNum > 0)
{
//添加
//计算添加新空间大小
int newSize = this->m_EmpNum + addNum;//新空间人数=原来记录人数+新增人数
//开辟新空间
Worker** newSpace = new Worker * [newSize];
//将原来空间下的数据,拷贝到新空间下
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
{
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
newSpace[i] = this->m_EmpArray[i];
}
}
//批量添加新数据
for (int i = 0; i < addNum; i++)
{
int id;//职工编号
string name;//职工姓名
int dSelect;//部门选择
cout << "请输入第 " << i + 1 << "个新职工编号:" << endl;
cin >> id;
cout << "请输入第 " << i + 1 << "个新职工姓名:" << endl;
cin >> name;
cout << "请选择该职工岗位:" << endl;
cout << "1、普通员工" << endl;
cout << "2、经理" << endl;
cout << "3、老板" << endl;
cin >> dSelect;
Worker* worker = NULL;
switch (dSelect)
{
case 1:
worker = new Employee(id, name, 1);
break;
case 2:
worker = new Manager(id, name, 2);
break;
case 3:
worker = new Boss(id, name, 3);
break;
}
//将创建职工指针,保存到数组中
newSpace[this->m_EmpNum + i] = worker;
}
//释放原有的空间
delete[]this->m_EmpArray;
//更改新空间的指向
this->m_EmpArray = newSpace;
//更新一下新的职工人数
this->m_EmpNum = newSize;
//更新职工不为空标志
this->m_FileIsEmpty = false;
//提示添加成功
cout << "成功添加" << addNum<<"名新职工"<<endl;
//保存数据到文件中
this->save();
}
else
{
cout << "输入数据有误!" << endl;
}
//按任意键后 清屏回到上级目录
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//保存文件
void WorkerManager::save()
{
ofstream ofs;
ofs.open(FILENAME, ios::out);//用输出的方式打开文件---写文件
//将每个人的数据写入到文件中
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
ofs << this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id << " "
<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name << " "
<< this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_DeptId << endl;
}
//关闭文件
ofs.close();
}
//统计文件中的人数
int WorkerManager:: get_EmpNum()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);//读文件
int id;
string name;
int dId;
int num = 0;
while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> dId)
{
//统计人数变量
num++;
}
return num;
}
//初始化员工
void WorkerManager::init_Emp()
{
ifstream ifs;
ifs.open(FILENAME, ios::in);//读文件
int id;
string name;
int dId;
int index = 0;
while (ifs >> id && ifs >> name && ifs >> dId)
{
Worker* worker = NULL;
if (dId == 1)//员工
{
worker = new Employee(id,name,dId);
}
else if(dId==2)//经理
{
worker = new Manager(id, name, dId);
}
else if (dId == 3)//老板
{
worker = new Boss(id, name, dId);
}
this->m_EmpArray[index] = worker;
index++;
}
//关闭文件
ifs.close();
}
//显示职工
void WorkerManager::Show_Emp()
{
//判断文件是否为空
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或者记录为空!" << endl;
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
//利用多态调用程序接口
this->m_EmpArray[i]->showInfo();
}
}
//按任意键后清屏
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//删除职工
void WorkerManager::Del_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空!" << endl;
}
else
{
//按照职工编号删除
cout << "请输入想要删除职工编号:" << endl;
int id = 0;
cin >> id;
int index=this->IsExist(id);
if (index != -1)//说明职工存在,并且要删除掉index位置上的职工
{
//数据前移
for (int i = index; i < this->m_EmpNum - 1; i++)
{
this->m_EmpArray[i] = this->m_EmpArray[i + 1];
}
this->m_EmpNum--;//更新数组中记录人员个数
//数据同步更新到文件中
this->save();
cout << "删除成功!" << endl;
}
else
cout << "删除失败,未找到该职工!" << endl;
}
//按任意键清屏
system("pasue");
system("cls");
}
//判断职工是否存在,如果存在返回职工所在数组中的位置,不存在返回-1
int WorkerManager::IsExist(int id)
{
int index = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id == id)
{
//找到职工
index = i;
break;
}
}
return index;
}
//修改职工
void WorkerManager::Mod_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "请输入修改职工编号:" << endl;
int id;
cin >> id;
int ret = this->IsExist(id);
if (ret != -1)
{
//查找到编号的职工
delete this->m_EmpArray[ret];
int newId = 0;
string newName = "";
int dSelect = 0;
cout << "查到:" << id << "号职工,请输入新职工号:" << endl;
cin >> newId;
cout << "请输入新姓名:" << endl;
cin >> newName;
cout << "请输入岗位:" << endl;
cout << "1、普通岗位" << endl;
cout << "2、经理" << endl;
cout << "3、老板" << endl;
cin >> dSelect;
Worker* worker = NULL;
switch (dSelect)
{
case 1:
worker = new Employee(newId, newName, dSelect);
break;
case 2:
worker = new Manager(newId, newName, dSelect);
break;
case 3:
worker = new Boss(newId, newName, dSelect);
break;
default:
break;
}
//更新数据 到数组中
this->m_EmpArray[ret] = worker;
cout << "修改成功! " << this->m_EmpArray[ret]->m_DeptId << endl;
//保存到文件中
this->save();
}
else
cout << "修改失败、查无此人!" << endl;
}
//按任意键清屏
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//查找职工
void WorkerManager::Find_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "请输入查找方式:" << endl;
cout << "1、按职工编号查找" << endl;
cout << "2、按姓名查找" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)//按职工号查找
{
int id;
cout << "请输入查找的职工编号:" << endl;
cin >> id;
int ret = IsExist(id);
if (ret != -1)
{
cout << "查找成功!该职工信息如下:" << endl;
this->m_EmpArray[ret]->showInfo();
}
else
{
cout << "查找失败,查无此人" << endl;
}
}
else if (select == 2)//按姓名查找
{
string name;
cout << "请输入查找的姓名:" << endl;
cin >> name;
bool flag = false;//查找到的标志
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (m_EmpArray[i]->m_Name == name)
{
cout << "查找成功,职工编号为:"
<< m_EmpArray[i]->m_Id
<< " 号的信息如下:" << endl;
flag = true;
this->m_EmpArray[i]->showInfo();
}
}
if (flag == false)
{
//查无此人
cout << "查找失败,查无此人" << endl;
}
}
else
{
cout << "输入选项有误" << endl;
}
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//排序职工
void WorkerManager::Sort_Emp()
{
if (this->m_FileIsEmpty)
{
cout << "文件不存在或记录为空!" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
else
{
cout << "请选择排序方式:" << endl;
cout << "1、按职工号进行升序" << endl;
cout << "2、按职工号进行降序" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
for (int i = 0; i < m_EmpNum; i++)
{
int minOrMax = i;
for (int j = i + 1; j < m_EmpNum; j++)
{
if (select == 1)
{
if (m_EmpArray[minOrMax]->m_Id > m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id)
{
minOrMax = j;
}
}
else //降序
{
if (m_EmpArray[minOrMax]->m_Id < m_EmpArray[j]->m_Id)
{
minOrMax = j;
}
}
}
if (i != minOrMax)
{
Worker* temp = m_EmpArray[i];
m_EmpArray[i] = m_EmpArray[minOrMax];
m_EmpArray[minOrMax] = temp;
}
}
cout << "排序成功,排序后结果为:" << endl;
this->save();
this->Show_Emp();
}
}
//清空文件
void WorkerManager::Clean_File()
{
cout << "确认清空?" << endl;
cout << "1、确认" << endl;
cout << "2、返回" << endl;
int select = 0;
cin >> select;
if (select == 1)
{
//打开模式 ios::trunc如果存在删除文件并重新创建
ofstream ofs(FILENAME, ios::trunc);
ofs.close();
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
{
//删除堆区的每个职工对象
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[i] != NULL)
{
delete this->m_EmpArray[i];
}
}
this->m_EmpNum = 0;
//删除堆区数组指针
delete[] this->m_EmpArray;
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
this->m_FileIsEmpty = true;
}
cout << "清空成功!" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
WorkerManager::~WorkerManager()
{
if (this->m_EmpArray != NULL)
{
for (int i = 0; i < this->m_EmpNum; i++)
{
if (this->m_EmpArray[i] != NULL)
{
delete this->m_EmpArray[i];
}
}
delete[] this->m_EmpArray;
this->m_EmpArray = NULL;
}
}
10、主函数源文件
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include<iostream>
#include"workerManager.h"
using namespace std;
#include"worker.h"
#include"employee.h"
#include"manager.h"
#include"boss.h"
int main()
{
//测试代码
/*Worker * worker = NULL;
worker = new Employee(1, "张三", 1);
worker->showInfo();
delete worker;
worker = new Manager(2, "李四", 2);
worker->showInfo();
delete worker;
worker = new Boss(3, "王五", 3);
worker->showInfo();
delete worker;*/
//实例化管理者对象
WorkerManager wm;
int choice = 0;//用来代表用户的选择
while (true)
{
//调用展示菜单成员函数
wm.show_Menu();
cout << "请输入您的选择:" << endl;
cin >> choice;//接受用户的选项
switch (choice)
{
case 0://退出系统
wm.ExitSystem();
break;
case 1://增加职工
wm.Add_Emp();
break;
case 2://显示职工
wm.Show_Emp();
break;
case 3://删除职工
wm.Del_Emp();
break;
case 4://修改职工
wm.Mod_Emp();
break;
case 5://查找职工
wm.Find_Emp();
break;
case 6://排序职工
wm.Sort_Emp();
break;
case 7://清空文档
wm.Clean_File();
break;
default:
system("cls");//清屏
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}