Spring5 底层原理 ApplicationContext 常用实现（黑马）

常见 ApplicationContext 实现

我们这里看着的四个ApplicationContext 的子实现类：

• ClassPathXmlApplicationContext：类路径解析xml来进行Bean的注入等（较老）
• FileSystemXmlApplicationContext： 文件系统路径解析xml进行Bean的注入等（较老）
• AnnotationConfigApplicationContext：注解配置
• AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext：web配置

完整代码：

A02:

package com.itheima.a02;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.DispatcherServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.server.ServletWebServerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

/*
    常见 ApplicationContext 实现
 */
public class A02 {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(A02.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        testClassPathXmlApplicationContext();
//        testFileSystemXmlApplicationContext();
//        testAnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
//        testAnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext();


       /* DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
        System.out.println("读取之前...");
        for (String name : beanFactory.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
            System.out.println(name);
        }
        System.out.println("读取之后...");
        XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
        reader.loadBeanDefinitions(new ClassPathResource("b01.xml"));
        for (String name : beanFactory.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
            System.out.println(name);
        }
*/



        /*
            学到了什么
                a. 常见的 ApplicationContext 容器实现
                b. 内嵌容器、DispatcherServlet 的创建方法、作用
         */
    }

    // ⬇️较为经典的容器, 基于 classpath 下 xml 格式的配置文件来创建
    private static void testClassPathXmlApplicationContext() {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("b01.xml");

        for (String beanName : context.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
            System.out.println(beanName);
        }
        System.out.println(context.getBean(Bean2.class).getBean1());

    }

    // ⬇️基于磁盘路径下 xml 格式的配置文件来创建
    private static void testFileSystemXmlApplicationContext() {
        FileSystemXmlApplicationContext context =
                new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("D:\\Java\\SpringSrc\\show\\src\\main\\resources\\b01.xml");

        for (String beanName : context.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
            System.out.println(beanName);
        }
        System.out.println(context.getBean(Bean2.class).getBean1());
    }

    // ⬇️较为经典的容器, 基于 java 配置类来创建
    private static void testAnnotationConfigApplicationContext() {
        ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Config.class);

        for (String beanName : context.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
            System.out.println(beanName);
        }
        System.out.println(context.getBean(Bean2.class).getBean1());
    }

    // ⬇️较为经典的容器, 基于 java 配置类来创建, 用于 web 环境
    private static void testAnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext() {
        ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext(WebConfig.class);

        for (String beanName : context.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
            System.out.println(beanName);
        }
    }

    @Configuration
    static class WebConfig {
        @Bean
        public ServletWebServerFactory servletWebServerFactory() {
            return new TomcatServletWebServerFactory();
        }
        @Bean
        public DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet() {
            return new DispatcherServlet();
        }
        @Bean
        public DispatcherServletRegistrationBean registrationBean(DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
            return new DispatcherServletRegistrationBean(dispatcherServlet, "/");
        }
        @Bean("/hello")
        public Controller controller1() {

//            new Controller() {
//                @Override
//                public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
//                    return null;
//                }
            // 上面是lambda表达式的展开
            return (request, response) -> {
                response.getWriter().print("hello");
                return null;
            };
        }

    }



    @Configuration
    static class Config {
        @Bean
        public Bean1 bean1() {
            return new Bean1();
        }

        @Bean
        public Bean2 bean2(Bean1 bean1) {
            Bean2 bean2 = new Bean2();
            bean2.setBean1(bean1);
            return bean2;
        }
    }

    static class Bean1 {
    }

    static class Bean2 {

        private Bean1 bean1;

        public void setBean1(Bean1 bean1) {
            this.bean1 = bean1;
        }

        public Bean1 getBean1() {
            return bean1;
        }
    }
}

b01.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <bean id="bean1" class="com.itheima.a02.A02.Bean1"/>

    <bean id="bean2" class="com.itheima.a02.A02.Bean2">
        <property name="bean1" ref="bean1"/>
    </bean>

    <!--  作用其实就是加了几个后处理器  -->
<!--    <context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>-->

</beans>

演示

testClassPathXmlApplicationContext、testFileSystemXmlApplicationContext

结果：

可以发现对照xml配置文件看，bean的注入以及Bean1的注入全部完成；

testAnnotationConfigApplicationContext

结果（在我们像注入的bean上加上@Bean注解，需要自动装配的地方加上@Autowired）：

可以看到我们加上注解后也能注入进去，但是会多出来几个来解析注解的后处理器。

testAnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext

结果：

上面包含了web容器初始化信息，注入的一些web服务相关的bean、我们自己的bean、以及我们访问的路径、/hello。

收获

1. 常见的 ApplicationContext 容器实现
2. 内嵌容器、DispatcherServlet 的创建方法、作用