fortran和C++耦合编程问题

实现fortran和c++的耦合编程，主要有两种方式，一种是采用静态链接库，一种是使用动态链接库；

区别是，静态链接库在c++的程序中，可以直接设置断点进行调试，二动态链接库则不行；

下面分别给出两个的代码示例，程序中还调用了sundials库求解常微分方程：

静态链接库方式：

1.fortran代码：

    implicit none
 
    interface
        subroutine solve_ode() bind(C, name="solve_ode")
        end subroutine solve_ode
    end interface
 
    call solve_ode()
 
end program call_cpp_solver

c++ 代码：

 
#include "pch.h"
 
// ExampleLib.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <cvode/cvode.h>             // 包含SUNDIALS的CVODE库
#include <nvector/nvector_serial.h>  // 用于序列向量操作
#include <sunmatrix/sunmatrix_dense.h> // 密集矩阵操作
#include <sunlinsol/sunlinsol_dense.h> // 密集线性求解器
#include <cvode/cvode_direct.h>      // CVODE直接方法求解器
#include <sundials/sundials_types.h> // 定义SUNDIALS的类型
 
// 简单的微分方程函数 dy/dt = -ky
static int f(realtype t, N_Vector y, N_Vector ydot, void* user_data) {
    realtype k = *(realtype*)user_data;
    NV_Ith_S(ydot, 0) = -k * NV_Ith_S(y, 0);
    return 0;
}
 
extern "C" {
 
 
    void solve_ode() {
        SUNContext sunctx;
        SUNContext_Create(NULL, &sunctx);
        realtype t0 = 0.0, t = 1.0, dt = 0.1, k = 0.1;
        N_Vector y = N_VNew_Serial(1, sunctx);
        NV_Ith_S(y, 0) = 1.0; // 初始条件
 
        void* cvode_mem = CVodeCreate(CV_ADAMS, sunctx);
        CVodeInit(cvode_mem, f, t0, y);
        CVodeSStolerances(cvode_mem, 1e-4, 1e-4);
        CVodeSetUserData(cvode_mem, &k);
 
        SUNMatrix A = SUNDenseMatrix(1, 1, sunctx);
        SUNLinearSolver LS = SUNLinSol_Dense(y, A, sunctx);
        CVodeSetLinearSolver(cvode_mem, LS, A);
 
        while (t < 10) {
            CVode(cvode_mem, t, y, &t, CV_NORMAL);
            std::cout << "At t = " << t << ", y = " << NV_Ith_S(y, 0) << std::endl;
            t += dt;
        }
 
        // 清理
        N_VDestroy(y);
        CVodeFree(&cvode_mem);
        SUNMatDestroy(A);
        SUNLinSolFree(LS);
    }
}

2. 动态链接库方式

fortran 代码：

program call_cpp_dll
    implicit none

    interface
        subroutine solve_ode() bind(C, name="solve_ode")
        end subroutine solve_ode
    end interface

    call solve_ode()

end program call_cpp_dll

c++代码：

// dllmain.cpp : 定义 DLL 应用程序的入口点。
#include "pch.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <cvode/cvode.h>             // 包含SUNDIALS的CVODE库
#include <nvector/nvector_serial.h>  // 用于序列向量操作
#include <sunmatrix/sunmatrix_dense.h> // 密集矩阵操作
#include <sunlinsol/sunlinsol_dense.h> // 密集线性求解器
#include <cvode/cvode_direct.h>      // CVODE直接方法求解器
#include <sundials/sundials_types.h> // 定义SUNDIALS的类型

//BOOL APIENTRY DllMain( HMODULE hModule,
//                       DWORD  ul_reason_for_call,
//                       LPVOID lpReserved
//                     )
//{
//    switch (ul_reason_for_call)
//    {
//    case DLL_PROCESS_ATTACH:
//    case DLL_THREAD_ATTACH:
//    case DLL_THREAD_DETACH:
//    case DLL_PROCESS_DETACH:
//        break;
//    }
//    return TRUE;
//}


// ExampleLib.cpp
#include <iostream>

// 确保正确地定义导出和导入宏
#ifdef EXAMPLELIB_EXPORTS
#define EXAMPLELIB_API __declspec(dllexport)
#else
#define EXAMPLELIB_API __declspec(dllimport)
#endif

extern "C" {
    EXAMPLELIB_API void solve_ode();
}

// 简单的微分方程函数 dy/dt = -ky
static int f(realtype t, N_Vector y, N_Vector ydot, void* user_data) {
    realtype k = *(realtype*)user_data;
    NV_Ith_S(ydot, 0) = -k * NV_Ith_S(y, 0);
    return 0;
}

void solve_ode() {
    SUNContext sunctx;
    SUNContext_Create(NULL, &sunctx);
    realtype t0 = 0.0, t = 1.0, dt = 0.1, k = 0.1;
    N_Vector y = N_VNew_Serial(1, sunctx);
    NV_Ith_S(y, 0) = 1.0; // 初始条件

    void* cvode_mem = CVodeCreate(CV_ADAMS, sunctx);
    CVodeInit(cvode_mem, f, t0, y);
    CVodeSStolerances(cvode_mem, 1e-4, 1e-4);
    CVodeSetUserData(cvode_mem, &k);

    SUNMatrix A = SUNDenseMatrix(1, 1, sunctx);
    SUNLinearSolver LS = SUNLinSol_Dense(y, A, sunctx);
    CVodeSetLinearSolver(cvode_mem, LS, A);

    while (t < 10) {
        CVode(cvode_mem, t, y, &t, CV_NORMAL);
        std::cout << "At t = " << t << ", y = " << NV_Ith_S(y, 0) << std::endl;
        t += dt;
    }

    // 清理
    N_VDestroy(y);
    CVodeFree(&cvode_mem);
    SUNMatDestroy(A);
    SUNLinSolFree(LS);
}