Spring Bean 生命周期

注解：
@postConstruct   //指定Bean实例完成初始化后调用的方法，用于监控Bean对象初始化节点
      
@PreDestroy      //指定Bean实例销毁前调用的方法，用于监控Bean对象销毁节点

Bean的生命周期是指Bean实例被创建、初始化和被销毁的过程。在Bean的两种作用域singleton和prototype中，Spring容器对Bean的生命周期管理是不同的。

在singleton作用域中，Spring容器可以管理Bean的生命周期控制Bean的创建、初始化和被销毁;

在prototype作用域中，Spring容器只负责创建Bean实例的创建；

singleton和prototype：Spring Bean作用域_FOOL_amazing的博客-CSDN博客

代码：

Student.java

package com.zd.pojo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;
import java.io.Serializable;

@Component("student")
public class Student implements Serializable {

    @Value("1")
    private String id;
    @Value("张三")
    private String name;

    public  void setId(String id){
        this.id=id;
    }

    public String getId(){
        return id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @PostConstruct //使用@PostConstruct标注Bean对象初始化节点的监控方法
    public void init(){
        System.out.println("Bean的初始化完成，调用init()方法");
    }

    @PreDestroy
    public void destroy(){
        System.out.println("Bean销毁前调用destroy()方法");
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "id='" + id + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--组件扫描器-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zd"/>


    

测试类：

package com.zd;

import com.zd.pojo.Student;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MyTest {

    static ApplicationContext ac=null;
    {
        ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    }

    @Test
    public void PostConstructAndPreDestroyTest(){
        Student student= (Student) ac.getBean("student");
        System.out.println(student);

        //销毁Spring容器中的所有Bean
        AbstractApplicationContext abstractApplicationContext = (AbstractApplicationContext) ac;
        abstractApplicationContext.registerShutdownHook();
    }
}

结果：