首先，需要下载并安装
MySQL数据库，然后创建一个
数据库，并创建一个表格存储
数据。
接下来，打开IntelliJ
IDEA，创建一个Web应用程序工程。
在工程的src目录下，创建一个Java类，用于连接和操作
数据库。
```
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class DBHelper {
private static String driver = "com.
mysql.jdbc.Driver";
private static String url = "jdbc:
mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8";
private static String user = "root";
private static String password = "123456";
public static Connection getConn() {
Connection conn =
null;
try {
Class.forName(driver);
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return conn;
}
public static void closeConn(Connection conn) {
if (conn !=
null) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static int executeUpdate(String sql) {
Connection conn =
null;
Statement stmt =
null;
int result = 0;
try {
conn = getConn();
stmt = conn.createStatement();
result = stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
closeConn(conn);
}
return result;
}
public static ResultSet executeQuery(String sql) {
Connection conn =
null;
Statement stmt =
null;
ResultSet rs =
null;
try {
conn = getConn();
stmt = conn.createStatement();
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return rs;
}
}
```
这个类中包含了
获取数据库连接、关闭
数据库连接、执行增删改查语句的方法。
接下来，创建一个Servlet的Java类，用于处理Http请求，并调用DBHelper中的方法操作
数据库。
```
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class StudentServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public StudentServlet() {
super();
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String action = request.getParameter("action");
if ("add".equals(action)) {
String name = request.getParameter("name");
int age = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("age"));
String gender = request.getParameter("gender");
String sql = "insert into student(name,age,gender) values('" + name + "'," + age + ",'" + gender + "')";
int result = DBHelper.executeUpdate(sql);
if (result > 0) {
out.print("<script>alert('添加成功');window.location.href='index.jsp';</script>");
} else {
out.print("<script>alert('添加失败');history.go(-1);</script>");
}
} else if ("delete".equals(action)) {
int id = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
String sql = "delete from student where id=" + id;
int result = DBHelper.executeUpdate(sql);
if (result > 0) {
out.print("<script>alert('删除成功');window.location.href='index.jsp';</script>");
} else {
out.print("<script>alert('删除失败');history.go(-1);</script>");
}
} else if ("update".equals(action)) {
int id = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
String name = request.getParameter("name");
int age = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("age"));
String gender = request.getParameter("gender");
String sql = "update student set name='" + name + "',age=" + age + ",gender='" + gender + "' where id=" + id;
int result = DBHelper.executeUpdate(sql);
if (result > 0) {
out.print("<script>alert('修改成功');window.location.href='index.jsp';</script>");
} else {
out.print("<script>alert('修改失败');history.go(-1);</script>");
}
} else if ("query".equals(action)) {
String name = request.getParameter("name");
String sql = "select id,name,age,gender from student where name like '%" + name + "%'";
ResultSet rs = DBHelper.executeQuery(sql);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("<table border='1'>");
sb.append("<tr><th>编号</th><th>姓名</th><th>年龄</th><th>性别</th><th>操作</th></tr>");
try {
while (rs.next()) {
sb.append("<tr>");
sb.append("<td>" + rs.getInt("id") + "</td>");
sb.append("<td>" + rs.getString("name") + "</td>");
sb.append("<td>" + rs.getInt("age") + "</td>");
sb.append("<td>" + rs.getString("gender") + "</td>");
sb.append("<td><a href='update.jsp?id=" + rs.getInt("id") + "'>修改</a> <a href='StudentServlet?action=delete&id=" + rs.getInt("id") + "'>删除</a></td>");
sb.append("</tr>");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
DBHelper.closeConn(DBHelper.getConn());
}
sb.append("</table>");
out.print(sb.toString());
} else {
response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
}
out.flush();
out.close();
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
```
这个Servlet中包含了添加学生记录、删除学生记录、修改学生记录、查询学生记录的方法。
最后，在Web应用程序中创建JSP页面，用于添加、修改、查询和展示学生信息的操作。
以查询学生信息页面query.jsp为例：
```
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>学生信息查询</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>学生信息查询</h2>
<form action="StudentServlet" method="get">
姓名：<input type="text" name="name">
<input type="hidden" name="action" value="query">
<input type="submit" value="查询">
</form>
<hr>
<h3>查询结果</h3>
<%= request.getAttribute("resultStr") %>
</body>
</html>
```
在这个页面中，用户可以输入学生姓名，然后点击查询按钮，调用Servlet中的查询学生记录的方法，
返回查询结果并显示在页面上。
这样就完成了使用
Idea连接
MySQL数据库和Servlet
进行增删改查操作的示例。
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