静态综合实验

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最新推荐文章于 2024-01-13 15:33:24 发布

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文章标签：路由器网络

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_54084181/article/details/118684375

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实验旨在建立一个基于192.168.1.0/24的IP地址划分网络，通过路由器R1-R5实现全网可达。IP地址按128、64、32、16、8、4、2、1的方式划分，确保每个路由器有两个环回接口，并分配了相应的IP地址。路由配置中，R1-R4不直接配置到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由，但仍能访问。此外，实验设置了路由黑洞和故障切换机制，当R4关闭时，R5的链路速度自动降至100M。

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实验要求：

1.除R5的环回地址已固定外，整个其他所有的网段基于192.168.1.0/24 进行合理的IP地址划分

2.R1-R4每个路由器存在两个环回接口，用于模拟连接PC的网段，地址也在192.168.1.0/24这个网络范围

3.R1-R4上不能直接编写到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由，但依然可以访问

4.全网可达，尽量减少每台路由器，路由表条目的数量，避免环路出现

5.R4与R5间，正常1000M链路通信，故障时自动改为100M

实验步骤：

1.R4关机后添加端口

2.划分IP地址：

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

192.168.1.00000000/24

192.168.1.000 00000/27---骨干链路

网段基于192.168.1.0/24，需要划分6个网段如下：

192.168.1.000 00000/30 ---192.168.1.0/30

192.168.1.000 00100/30---192.168.1.4/30

192.168.1.000 01000/30---192.168.1.8/30

192.168.1.000 01100/30---192.168.1.12/30

192.168.1.000 10000/30---192.168.1.16/30

192.168.1.000 10100/30---192.168.1.20/30

192.168.1.000 11000/30

192.168.1.000 11100/30

路由器的地址分配

192.168.1.001 00000/27 ---R1 192.168.1.32/27

192.168.1.001 0 0000/28---R1环回 192.168.1.32/28

192.168.1.001 1 0000/28---R1环回 192.168.1.48/28

192.168.1.010 00000/27 ---R2 192.168.1.64/27

192.168.1.010 0 0000/28 --- R2环回 192.168.1.64/28

192.168.1.010 1 0000/28 --- R2环回 192.168.1.80/28

192.168.1.011 00000/27 ---R3 192.168.1.96/27

192.168.1.011 0 0000/28 --- R3环回 192.168.1.96/28

192.168.1.011 1 0000/28 --- R3环回 192.168.1.112/28

192.168.1.100 00000/27 ---R4 192.168.1.128/27

192.168.1.100 0 0000/28---R4环回 192.168.1.128/28

192.168.1.100 1 0000/28---R4环回 192.168.1.144/28

预留网段：

192.168.1.101 00000/27

192.168.1.110 00000/27

192.168.1.111 00000/27

网段划分图：

3.配IP地址：

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]sysname r1
[r1]int g
[r1]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 30
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
Jul 13 2021 21:18:49-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r1]int g
[r1]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.5 30
Jul 13 2021 21:19:25-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r1]int l0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.33 28
[r1-LoopBack0]int l1
[r1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.49 28
[r1-LoopBack1]
[r1-LoopBack1]q
[r1]
[r1]display ip in b
[r1]display ip in brief

<Huawei>
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysnam
[Huawei]sysname r2
[r2]
[r2]int g 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 30
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
Jul 13 2021 21:23:59-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.9 30
Jul 13 2021 21:24:39-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r2]
[r2]int l0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.65 28
[r2-LoopBack0]int l1
[r2-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.81 28
[r2-LoopBack1]q
[r2]dis ip in b

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname r3
[r3]int g 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.6 30
Jul 13 2021 21:28:05-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.13 30
Jul 13 2021 21:29:04-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r3]int l0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.97 28
[r3-LoopBack0]int l1
[r3-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.113 28
[r3-LoopBack1]q
[r3]
[r3]
[r3]dis ip in b

<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname r4
[r4]
[r4]int g 0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.14 30
Jul 13 2021 21:31:33-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.10 30
Jul 13 2021 21:32:19-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r4]int l0
[r4-LoopBack0]q
[r4]int g 0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.17 30
Jul 13 2021 21:33:48-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g 4/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 198.168.1.21 30
Jul 13 2021 21:34:33-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet4/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]q
[r4]
[r4]
[r4]int l0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.129 28
[r4-LoopBack0]int l1
[r4-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.145 28
[r4-LoopBack1]q
[r4]dis ip in b

<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname r5
[r5]
[r5]
[r5]int g 0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.22 30
Jul 13 2021 21:38:52-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.18 30
Jul 13 2021 21:39:22-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 24
[r5-LoopBack0]q
[r5]dis ip in b

4.配路由下一跳：

<r1>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[r1]
[r1]ip ro
[r1]ip route
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[r1]ip route-static 192.169.1.8 27 192.168.1.2
[r1]ip route-static 192.169.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[r1]ip route-static 192.169.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[r1]ip route-static 192.169.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[r1]ip route-static 192.169.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[r1]ip route-static 192.169.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[r1]ip route-static 192.169.1.96 30 192.168.1.6

<r2>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[r2]
[r2]ip ro
[r2]ip route
[r2]ip rou 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[r2]ip rou 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[r2]ip rou 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[r2]ip rou 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[r2]ip rou 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[r2]ip rou 192.168.1.4 27 192.168.1.1
[r2]ip rou 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[r2]ip rou 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

<r3>
<r3>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[r3]
[r3]ip rou 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[r3]ip rou 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[r3]ip rou 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[r3]ip rou 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[r3]ip rou 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[r3]ip rou 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[r3]ip rou 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14

<r4>
<r4>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[r4]
[r4]
[r4]ip rou 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[r4]ip rou 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[r4]ip rou 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13
[r4]ip rou 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[r4]ip rou 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[r4]ip rou 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9

<r5>
<r5>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[r5]ip rou 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[r5]ip rou 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[r5]ip rou 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[r5]ip rou 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[r5]ip rou 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[r5]ip rou 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[r5]ip rou 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[r5]ip rou 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1

5.配缺省路由

<r1>
<r1>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[r1]ip rou 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[r1]ip rou 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

<r2>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[r2]ip rou 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

<r3>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[r3]ip rou 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

<r2>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[r2]ip rou 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

6.实验验证（全网可达）

7.路由黑洞汇总信息指向空接口

[r1]ip rou 192.168.1.32 27 nu0
[r2]ip rou 192.168.1.64 27 n 0
[r3]ip rou 192.168.1.96 27 n0
[r4]ip rou 192.168.1.128 27 n0
8.故障设置

[r1]ip rou 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[r1]ip rou 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6

[r2]ip rou 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10

[r3]ip rou 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14
[r4]ip rou 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 pre 61

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 pre 61
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 pre 61