LeetCode_sql_day18（1841.联赛信息统计）

描述

表: Teams

+----------------+---------+
| Column Name    | Type    |
+----------------+---------+
| team_id        | int     |
| team_name      | varchar |
+----------------+---------+
team_id 是该表主键.
每一行都包含了一个参加联赛的队伍信息.

表: Matches

+-----------------+---------+
| Column Name     | Type    |
+-----------------+---------+
| home_team_id    | int     |
| away_team_id    | int     |
| home_team_goals | int     |
| away_team_goals | int     |
+-----------------+---------+
(home_team_id, away_team_id) 是该表主键.
每一行包含了一次比赛信息.
home_team_goals 代表主场队得球数.
away_team_goals 代表客场队得球数.
获得球数较多的队伍为胜者队伍.

写一段SQL，用来报告联赛信息. 统计数据应使用已进行的比赛来构建，其中 获胜 球队获得 三分 ，而失败球队获得 零分 。如果 打平 ，两支球队都得 一分 。

result 表的每行应包含以下信息:

• team_name - Teams 表中的队伍名字
• matches_played - 主场与客场球队进行的比赛次数.
• points - 球队获得的总分数.
• goal_for - 球队在所有比赛中获取的总进球数
• goal_against - 球队在所有比赛中，他的对手球队的所有进球数
• goal_diff - goal_for - goal_against.

按 points 降序 返回结果表。 如果两队或多队得分相同，则按 goal_diff 降序 排列。 如果仍然存在平局，则以 team_name 按字典顺序 排列它们。

查询的结果格式如下例所示。

示例 1:

输入：
Teams 表:
+---------+-----------+
| team_id | team_name |
+---------+-----------+
| 1       | Ajax      |
| 4       | Dortmund  |
| 6       | Arsenal   |
+---------+-----------+
Matches 表:
+--------------+--------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| home_team_id | away_team_id | home_team_goals | away_team_goals |
+--------------+--------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| 1            | 4            | 0               | 1               |
| 1            | 6            | 3               | 3               |
| 4            | 1            | 5               | 2               |
| 6            | 1            | 0               | 0               |
+--------------+--------------+-----------------+-----------------+
输出：
+-----------+----------------+--------+----------+--------------+-----------+
| team_name | matches_played | points | goal_for | goal_against | goal_diff |
+-----------+----------------+--------+----------+--------------+-----------+
| Dortmund  | 2              | 6      | 6        | 2            | 4         |
| Arsenal   | 2              | 2      | 3        | 3            | 0         |
| Ajax      | 4              | 2      | 5        | 9            | -4        |
+-----------+----------------+--------+----------+--------------+-----------+
解释：
Ajax (team_id=1) 有4场比赛: 2败2平. 总分数 = 0 + 0 + 1 + 1 = 2.
Dortmund (team_id=4) 有2场比赛: 2胜. 总分数 = 3 + 3 = 6.
Arsenal (team_id=6) 有2场比赛: 2平. 总分数 = 1 + 1 = 2.
Dortmund 是积分榜上的第一支球队. Ajax和Arsenal 有同样的分数, 但Arsenal的goal_diff高于Ajax, 所以Arsenal在表中的顺序在Ajaxzhi'qian.

数据准备

Create table If Not Exists Teams (team_id int, team_name varchar(20))
Create table If Not Exists Matches
(
    home_team_id    int,
    away_team_id    int,
    home_team_goals int,
    away_team_goals int
)
Truncate table Teams ;
insert into Teams (team_id, team_name)
values ('1', 'Ajax')
insert
into Teams (team_id, team_name)
values ('4', 'Dortmund')
insert into Teams (team_id, team_name)
values ('6', 'Arsenal');
Truncate table Matches;
insert into Matches (home_team_id, away_team_id, home_team_goals, away_team_goals)
values ('1', '4', '0', '1')
insert into Matches (home_team_id, away_team_id, home_team_goals, away_team_goals)
values ('1', '6', '3', '3')
insert into Matches (home_team_id, away_team_id, home_team_goals, away_team_goals)
values ('4', '1', '5', '2')
insert into Matches (home_team_id, away_team_id, home_team_goals, away_team_goals)
values ('6', '1', '0', '0');

分析

①先构造出得分情况

select *,
                   case
                       when home_team_goals > away_team_goals then 3
                       when home_team_goals = away_team_goals then 1
                       when home_team_goals < away_team_goals then 0
                       end as home_team_points,
                   case
                       when home_team_goals < away_team_goals then 3
                       when home_team_goals = away_team_goals then 1
                       when home_team_goals > away_team_goals then 0
                       end as away_team_points
            from Matches

②然后分别计算球队比赛次数（主队的次数+客队的次数）、球队总得分（主队时的得分+客队时的得分）、球队总进球数（主队时的总进球数+客队时的总进球数）、对手总进球数（作为主队时对手作为客队的进球数+作为客队时对手作为主队的总进球数）

with t1 as (select *,
                   case
                       when home_team_goals > away_team_goals then 3
                       when home_team_goals = away_team_goals then 1
                       when home_team_goals < away_team_goals then 0
                       end as home_team_points,
                   case
                       when home_team_goals < away_team_goals then 3
                       when home_team_goals = away_team_goals then 1
                       when home_team_goals > away_team_goals then 0
                       end as away_team_points
            from Matches)
select distinct team_name,
       (select count(1) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.home_team_id or away_team_id =Matches.home_team_id)  as matches_played,
       (select sum(home_team_points) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.home_team_id) +
       (select sum(away_team_points) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.home_team_id) as points,
       (select sum(home_team_goals) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.home_team_id) +
       (select sum(away_team_goals) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.home_team_id) as goal_for,
       (select sum(away_team_goals) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.home_team_id) +
       (select sum(home_team_goals) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.home_team_id) as goal_against
from matches , teams where matches.home_team_id = teams.team_id
    union
select distinct team_name,
       (select count(1) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.away_team_id or home_team_id =Matches.away_team_id)  as matches_played,
       (select ifnull(sum(home_team_points),0 ) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.away_team_id) +
       (select ifnull(sum(away_team_points),0) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.away_team_id) as points,
       (select ifnull(sum(home_team_goals),0) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.away_team_id) +
       (select ifnull(sum(away_team_goals),0) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.away_team_id) as goal_for,
       (select ifnull(sum(away_team_goals),0) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.away_team_id) +
       (select ifnull(sum(home_team_goals),0) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.away_team_id) as goal_against
from matches , teams where matches.away_team_id = teams.team_id

③基于上述结果 求goal_diff并且按照题目要求排序

select          team_name,
                matches_played,
                points,
                goal_for,
                goal_against
                ,(goal_for-goal_against) as goal_diff from t2
order by points desc,goal_diff desc,team_name desc;

图解：

输入
home_team_id	away_team_id	home_team_goals	away_team_goals	home_team_points	away_team_points			team_id	team_name
1	4	0	1	0	3			4	Dortmund
1	6	3	3	1	1			1	Ajax
4	1	5	2	3	0			6	Arsenal
6	1	0	0	1	1
						分别求出各队作为 主队和客队时的分数、球数		结果
								team_name	matches_played	points	goal_for	goal_against
结果(最终)								Dortmund	2	6	6	2
	主队的+客队的	主队的+客队的	主队的+客队的	主队的+客队的	主队的+客队的			Arsenal	2	2	3	3
								Ajax	4	2	5	9
								在此基础上求出goal_diff
team_name	matches_played	points	goal_for	goal_against	goal_diff
Dortmund	2	6	6	2	4
Arsenal	2	2	3	3	0
Ajax	4	2	5	9	-4

代码

with t1 as (select *,
                   case
                       when home_team_goals > away_team_goals then 3
                       when home_team_goals = away_team_goals then 1
                       when home_team_goals < away_team_goals then 0
                       end as home_team_points,
                   case
                       when home_team_goals < away_team_goals then 3
                       when home_team_goals = away_team_goals then 1
                       when home_team_goals > away_team_goals then 0
                       end as away_team_points
            from Matches)
, t2 as (
select home_team_id,
       (select count(1) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.home_team_id or away_team_id =Matches.home_team_id)             as matches_played,
       (select sum(home_team_points) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.home_team_id) +
       (select sum(away_team_points) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.home_team_id) as points,
       (select sum(home_team_goals) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.home_team_id) +
       (select sum(away_team_goals) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.home_team_id) as goal_for,
       (select sum(away_team_goals) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.home_team_id) +
       (select sum(home_team_goals) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.home_team_id) as goal_against
#         goal_for-goal_against as goal_diff
from matches

union all
(select away_team_id,
       (select count(1) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.away_team_id or home_team_id =Matches.away_team_id)             as matches_played,
       (select sum(away_team_points) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.away_team_id) +
       (select sum(home_team_points) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.away_team_id) as points,
       (select sum(home_team_goals) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.away_team_id) +
       (select sum(away_team_goals) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.away_team_id) as goal_for,
       (select sum(away_team_goals) from t1 where home_team_id = Matches.away_team_id) +
       (select sum(home_team_goals) from t1 where away_team_id = Matches.away_team_id) as goal_against
 from Matches)
)

select distinct (select team_name from teams where team_id=t2.home_team_id)team_name,
                matches_played,
                points,
                goal_for,
                goal_against
                ,(goal_for-goal_against) as goal_diff from t2
order by points desc,goal_diff desc,team_name;

总结

最后要考虑到有的球队只有客队场 所以使用union 既要关联到主队id又要关联到客队id