简单实现双机热备步骤

快速实现双机热备步骤

双机热备是应用于服务器的一种解决方案，其构造思想是主机和从机通过TCP/IP网络连接，正常情况下主机处于工作状态，从机处于监视状态，一旦从机发现主机异常，从机将会在很短的时间之内代替主机，完全实现主机的功能。

1.准备工作：

项目	详情(ip为自动分配即可)
centos	2台
node1	192.168.70.154
node2	192.168.70.152

#步骤1到5两台设备都得执行

1.在两台设备上都执行关闭防火墙和配置selinux

[root@node1 ~]#systemctl disable firewalld
[root@node1 ~]#systemctl stop firewalld
[root@node1 ~]#setenforce 0
[root@node1 ~]#cat /etc/sysconfig/selinux
 SELINUX=disabled

2.安装pacemaker(如出现进程睡眠报错则执行rm -rf /var/run/yum.pid即可)

[root@node1 ~]#yum install -y fence-agents-all corosync pacemaker pcs

3.改节点名称并重启

[root@node1 ~]#vim /etc/hostname
(将Host名改为node1)
[root@node1 ~]#vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.70.154 node1
192.168.70.142 node2
[root@node1 ~]#reboot

4.生成密钥互信

[root@node1 ~]#ssh-keygen
(弹出程序直接按回车即可)
[root@node1 ~]#ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node2
（在node2执行时换成root@node1）

5.配置集群用户信息

[root@node1 ~]#passwd hacluster
（node1和node2密码要一致）
[root@node1 ~]#systemctl start pcsd.service
[root@node1 ~]#systemctl enable pcsd.service

6.认证–仅在node1执行

[root@node1 ~]#pcs cluster auth node1 node2

7.安装阿帕奇以及修改配置文件、写入测试文件

两台设备都要执行以下命令

[root@node1 ~]# yum install -y httpd
[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Listen 0.0.0.0:80
ServerName www.test.com

<Location /server-status>
  SetHandler server-status
  Require all granted
  </Location>
[root@node1 ~]# echo "welcome to node1" > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service
[root@node1 ~]# curl http://192.168.70.154
welcome to node1

8.建立新集群（此步骤以及以下步骤仅在node1执行）

[root@node1 ~]# pcs cluster setup --name mycluster node1 node2
[root@node1 ~]# pcs cluster start --all
[root@node1 ~]# pcs cluster enable --all
[root@node1 ~]# pcs status

9.分配资源以及心跳检测

[root@node1 ~]# pcs resource create VIP ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 ip=192.168.70.118 cidr_netmask=24 op monitor interval=30s
[root@node1 ~]# pcs resource create Web ocf:heartbeat:apache 
[root@node1 ~]# pcs status

10.捆绑并设置优先级

[root@node1 ~]# pcs resource group add myweb VIP
[root@node1 ~]# pcs resource group add myweb Web
[root@node1 ~]# pcs constraint order start VIP then start Web
[root@node1 ~]# pcs constraint location Web prefers node1=10
[root@node1 ~]# pcs constraint location Web prefers node2=5
[root@node1 ~]# crm_simulate -sL

11.测试

[root@node1 ~]# pcs cluster stop --all
[root@node1 ~]# pcs cluster start --all
[root@node1 ~]# pcs status
Cluster name: mycluster

WARNINGS:
No stonith devices and stonith-enabled is not false

Stack: corosync
Current DC: node1 (version 1.1.23-1.el7_9.1-9acf116022) - partition with quorum
Last updated: Tue Jun 22 19:38:58 2021
Last change: Tue Jun 22 19:33:54 2021 by root via cibadmin on node1

2 nodes configured
2 resource instances configured

Online: [ node1 node2 ]

Full list of resources:

 Resource Group: myweb
     VIP	(ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2):	Stopped
     Web	(ocf::heartbeat:apache):	Stopped

Daemon Status:
  corosync: active/enabled
  pacemaker: active/enabled
  pcsd: active/enabled

到这就完成了双击热备啦！！！小白编辑，如有勘误，望各位指出