IOC容器-bean管理-注解方式

什么是注解？
1.注解是代码特殊标记，格式：@注解名称（属性名称=属性值，属性名称=属性值…）
2.使用注解，注解作用在类上面，方法上面，属性上面
3.使用注解目的：简化xml配置

Spring 针对 Bean管理中创建对象提供注解
1.@Component
2.@Service
3.@Controller
4.@Repository
上面四个注解功能是一样的，都可以用来创建bean实例

基于注解方式实现对象创建
一、引入依赖（spring-aop）
二、开启组件扫描
在配置文件中引入一个名称空间context

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<!-- 		开启组件扫描
        1 如果扫描多个包，多个包之间使用逗号隔开
        2 扫描包上层目录。com下面的所有包
     -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zhujie,com.service"></context:component-scan>

三、创建类，在类上面添加创建对象注解

package com.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

//注解里面value属性值可以省略不写，默认为类名称首字母小写
@Component(value = "userService")   //<bean id="userService" class=".."></bean>
public class UserService {
    public void add(){
        System.out.println("service add...");
    }
}

测试类

package com.service;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class TestService {

    @Test
    public void testUserService(){
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new
                ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean7.xml");
        UserService userService = applicationContext.getBean("userService", UserService.class);
        userService.add();
    }
}

组件扫描补充：

    <!--
        use-default-filters="false" 表示现在不使用默认filter,自己配置filter
        context:include-filter  设置扫描哪些内容，例如只扫描@Controller
     -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zhujie" use-default-filters="false">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    <!--
        下面配置扫描包所有内容
        context:exclude-filter  设置不扫描哪些内容，例如不扫描@Controller
     -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.service">
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

基于注解方式实现属性注入
1.@Autowired
根据属性类型进行自动装配
2.@Qualifier
根据属性名称进行注入
3.@Resource
可以根据类型注入，可以根据名称注入
4.@Value
注入普通类型属性

@Autowired注解演示
UserP接口

package com.service;

public interface UserP {
    public void pdd();
}

UserP实现类UserImpl

package com.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Repository//创建对象
public class UserImpl implements UserP {

    @Override
    public void pdd() {
        System.out.println("pdddd...");
    }
}

package com.service;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserService {
    /*
        不需要添加set方法
        添加注入属性注解
        根据类型注入属性，根据UserP类型找到实现类
     */
    @Autowired
    private UserP userP;
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("service add...");
        userP.pdd();
    }
}

@Qualifier注解的使用，和@Autowired一起搭配
当接口中有多个实现类的时候，需要指定名称

UserP实现类UserImpl

package com.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Repository(value = "userImpl1")
public class UserImpl implements UserP {

    @Override
    public void pdd() {
        System.out.println("pdddd...");
    }
}

package com.service;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserService {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier(value = "userImpl1")//根据名称进行注入
    private UserP userP;
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("service add...");
        userP.pdd();
    }
}

@Resource注解演示

package com.service;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserService {
    //@Resource		根据类型注入
    @Resource(name = "userImpl1")//根据名称注入
    private UserP userP;
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("service add...");
        userP.pdd();
    }
}

@Value注解演示

package com.service;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserService {
	@Value(value = "abc")
    private String name;
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("service add..."+name);
    }
}

完全注解开发
1.创建配置类,代替xml配置文件

package com.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Configurable;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration //作为配置类，替代xml配置文件
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.service"})//开启扫描
public class SpringConfig {

}

测试类

package com.service;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class TestService {
    @Test
    public void testUserService2(){
        //加载配置类
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new
                AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
        UserService userService = applicationContext.getBean("userService", UserService.class);
        userService.add();
    }
}