DRF~ day09 之全局异常、接口文档、jwt介绍和原理、base64编码和解码

DRF之之全局异常、接口文档、jwt介绍和原理、base64编码和解码

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1、全局异常

1.1、全局异常源码介绍

1、只要三大认证，视图类的方法出了异常，都会执行一个函数：rest_framework.views import exception_handler
查看源码：如下

模块： import rest_framework.settings
模块： from rest_framework.views import APIView

    import rest_framework.settings  # 从settings中找源码
    源码84行左右
    # Exception handling
    'EXCEPTION_HANDLER': 'rest_framework.views.exception_handler',
    'NON_FIELD_ERRORS_KEY': 'non_field_errors',

2、drf只要出了异常，就会执行：‘EXCEPTION_HANDLER’: ‘rest_framework.views.exception_handler’ 这个函数

执行这个’EXCEPTION_HANDLER’: ‘rest_framework.views.exception_handler’
就会执行 rest_framework.views.exception_handler

'''
去继承的APIView中的dispatch方法中的       
        except Exception as exc:
            response = self.handle_exception(exc)
异常代码执行handle_exception方法


    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        `.dispatch()` is pretty much the same as Django's regular dispatch,
        but with extra hooks for startup, finalize, and exception handling.
        """
        self.args = args
        self.kwargs = kwargs
        request = self.initialize_request(request, *args, **kwargs)
        self.request = request
        self.headers = self.default_response_headers  # deprecate?

        try:
            self.initial(request, *args, **kwargs)

            # Get the appropriate handler method
            if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names:
                handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(),
                                  self.http_method_not_allowed)
            else:
                handler = self.http_method_not_allowed

            response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
    
        # 走这一行执行self.handle_exception(exc)代码然后执行handle_exception方法
        except Exception as exc:
            response = self.handle_exception(exc)

        self.response = self.finalize_response(request, response, *args, **kwargs)
        return self.response
'''

'''
执行handle_exception 方法
时就会执行方法中exception_handler = self.get_exception_handler()  这一行代码
但是这一行代码就是  前面 'EXCEPTION_HANDLER': 'rest_framework.views.exception_handler’中的rest_framework.views.exception_handle函数


    def handle_exception(self, exc):
        """
        Handle any exception that occurs, by returning an appropriate response,
        or re-raising the error.
        """
        if isinstance(exc, (exceptions.NotAuthenticated,
                            exceptions.AuthenticationFailed)):
            # WWW-Authenticate header for 401 responses, else coerce to 403
            auth_header = self.get_authenticate_header(self.request)

            if auth_header:
                exc.auth_header = auth_header
            else:
                exc.status_code = status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN
        
        # 最终执行这一行代码
        exception_handler = self.get_exception_handler()

        context = self.get_exception_handler_context()
        response = exception_handler(exc, context)

        if response is None:
            self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)

        response.exception = True
        return response
'''

3、drf只要出了异常，就会执行：‘EXCEPTION_HANDLER’: ‘rest_framework.views.exception_handler’ 这个函数
看这个函数 rest_framework.views.exception_handler

4、导入这个执行异常函数的模块
from rest_framework.views import exception_handler
点进去里面就是def exception_handler(exc, context):函数

下面是源代码

'''
def exception_handler(exc, context):
    """
    Returns the response that should be used for any given exception.

    By default we handle the REST framework `APIException`, and also
    Django's built-in `Http404` and `PermissionDenied` exceptions.

    Any unhandled exceptions may return `None`, which will cause a 500 error
    to be raised.
    """
    if isinstance(exc, Http404):
        exc = exceptions.NotFound()
    elif isinstance(exc, PermissionDenied):
        exc = exceptions.PermissionDenied()

    if isinstance(exc, exceptions.APIException):
        headers = {}
        if getattr(exc, 'auth_header', None):
            headers['WWW-Authenticate'] = exc.auth_header
        if getattr(exc, 'wait', None):
            headers['Retry-After'] = '%d' % exc.wait

        if isinstance(exc.detail, (list, dict)):
            data = exc.detail
        else:
            data = {'detail': exc.detail}

        set_rollback()
        return Response(data, status=exc.status_code, headers=headers)

    return None
'''

1.2、验证drf出现异常就会执行上面exception_handler函数

场景：只要drf出现异常就会执行上面exception_handler函数
设置drf的异常查看是否执行exception_handler函数

• 设置源代码（验证完成要改回来）
  

• 要执行的drf代码

# 场景只要drf出现异常就会执行上面exception_handler函数
# 设置drf的异常查看是否执行exception_handler函数
from rest_framework.exceptions import APIException
from app01 import models


class BookView(APIView):
    def get(self, request)