SpringClould的组件Hystrix和详细使用步骤

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-11 22:45:54 发布

王路

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-11 22:45:54 发布

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文章标签： spring spring cloud java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_56310628/article/details/120910997

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本文介绍了如何使用Spring Cloud搭建Eureka注册中心，创建服务提供者并注册到中心，然后配置服务消费者使用Feign进行服务调用，并开启Hystrix熔断。涉及Spring Boot、Eureka、Feign和Hystrix的配置及应用。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

大致思路：指定springcloud和spingboot版本，先搭建注册中心，再次搭建提供者和消费者的服务，注册到注册中心，配置fegin 再配置降级

1，创建maven 项目，pom.xml中配置springcloud和springboot的版本，和jdk和字符集版本


    <!--指定springcloud和springboot的版本要一致，才可也搭配使用-->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
        <springboot.version>2.0.5.RELEASE</springboot.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${springboot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

1.1配置 Eureka注册中心配置 application.yml 文件这里做两个注册中心集群

server:
  port: 1020
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka1  #显示的注册中心的实列名字 不能一样
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false #是否要注册到eureka
    fetchRegistry: false #表示是否从Eureka Server获取注册信息
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://eureka1:1020/eureka,http://eureka2:1030/eureka
spring:
  application:
    name: eureka1 #给注册中心取个名字  名字不能一样
  profiles: e1 #用于run启动可以根据 此名字加载对应的配置
---
server:
  port: 1030
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka1  #显示的注册中心的实列名字 不能一样
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false #是否要注册到eureka
    fetchRegistry: false #表示是否从Eureka Server获取注册信息
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://eureka1:1020/eureka,http://eureka2:1030/eureka
spring:
  application:
    name: eureka2   #给注册中心取个名字  名字不能一样
  profiles: e2  #用于run启动可以根据 此名字加载对应的配置

配置电脑的 host文件路径 C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc 加以下内容，启动的时候会自动以eureka1找到代理的地址127.0.0.1 IP

--本机地址映射域名

127.0.0.1 eureka1
127.0.0.1 eureka2

配置启动类


import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer//启用eureka注册服务
public class EurekaApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaApp.class);
    }
}

2搭建服务提供者。导入依赖

 <!--导入eureak客户端-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--导入web依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--链接数据库依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring-boot整合mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 单元测试的包 -->
        <!-- Spring测试要求junit为4.12及以上：SpringJUnit4ClassRunner requires JUnit 4.12 or higher-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--导入hytrix依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>

配置提供者启动类

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient//启用eureka客户端
@MapperScan("cn.*.mapper")//扫描mapper
public class ServerApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ServerApp.class);
    }
}

配置提供者yml文件

server:
  port: 8084
spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/itsource-course?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
mybatis:
  # mapper-locations: classpath*:cn/itsouce/mapper/*Mapper.xml
  type-aliases-package: cn.itsource.domain
  application:
    name: course-server #不要有下划线
  profiles: s1
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
     defaultZone: http://eureka1:1020/eureka,http://eureka2:1030/eureka
  instance:
     prefer-ip-address: true # 当调用getHostname获取实例的hostname时，返回ip而不是host名称
     ip-address: 127.0.0.1  # 指定自己的ip信息，不指定的话会自己寻找
     instance-id: course-server1
---
server:
  port: 8083
spring:
  application:
    name: course-server #不要有下划线   集群的名字大家都要一样，因为调用的时候要通过名字找
  profiles: s2
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
     defaultZone: http://eureka1:1020/eureka,http://eureka2:1030/eureka
  instance:
     prefer-ip-address: true # 当调用getHostname获取实例的hostname时，返回ip而不是host名称
     ip-address: 127.0.0.1  # 指定自己的ip信息，不指定的话会自己寻找
     instance-id: course-server2
logging: #日志打印
  level:
    root: info
    cn:
      wl: debug

3搭建服务消费者

@FeignClient(value = "course-server" ,fallbackFactory = MyBack.class)
@RequestMapping("/course")
public interface IFeginServer {
           
   ///此处代码从提供者复制
    //MyBack为此接口的实现类

}

server:
  port: 7071
spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/itsource-buy?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
mybatis:
  # mapper-locations: classpath*:cn/itsouce/mapper/*Mapper.xml
  type-aliases-package: cn.itsource.domain  #配置别名
  application:
    name: buy-server #不要有下划线
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
     defaultZone: http://eureka1:1020/eureka,http://eureka2:1030/eureka
  instance:
     prefer-ip-address: true # 当调用getHostname获取实例的hostname时，返回ip而不是host名称
     ip-address: 127.0.0.1  # 指定自己的ip信息，不指定的话会自己寻找
     instance-id: buy-server1
logging: #日志打印
  level:
    root: info
    cn:
      wl: debug
feign:
   hystrix:
       enabled: true #开启熔断支持
   client:
    config:
      remote-service:   #服务名，为course-server熔断
        connectTimeout: 3000
        readTimeout: 3000
hystrix:
  command:
      default:
        execution:
          isolation:
            thread:
              timeoutInMilliseconds: 3000

创建服务消费者启动类

package cn.itsouce;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;
import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient//启用eureka客户端
@MapperScan("cn.*.mapper")//扫描mapper
@EnableFeignClients//启用feign调用
public class BuyApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(BuyApp.class);
    }
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplat(){
        System.out.println("在启动类加上@Bean注解，spring" +
                "容器就加载此对象");
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
    @Bean//注入随机调用
    public IRule getRandom(){
        System.out.println("返回值为IRule，运行的确是RandomRule对象。这里用多态。实现随机调用");
        return  new RandomRule();
    }
}