OSPF综合实验

搭建网络拓扑图，如图

一、配置各路由器的环回地址以及接口IP

[r1]int LoopBack 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.32.1 24
[r1-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.48.1 29

[r2]interface LoopBack 0 
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.40.1 24
[r2-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.48.2 29

[r3]int LoopBack 0 
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.0.1 24
[r3-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0   
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.48.3 29
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int     
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.1 24

[r4]interface Serial 4/0/0
[r4-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.2 24
[r4-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1 
[r4-Serial4/0/1]ip address 45.1.1.2 24
[r4-Serial4/0/1]int s3/0/0
[r4-Serial3/0/0]ip address 46.1.1.2 24
[r4-Serial3/0/0]int s3/0/1
[r4-Serial3/0/1]ip address 47.1.1.2 24

[r4]interface LoopBack 0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip ad    
[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 24

[r5]int LoopBack 0 
[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.4.1 24
[r5-LoopBack0]int s4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip address 45.1.1.1 24

[r6]int LoopBack 0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.8.1 24
[r6-LoopBack0]int s4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]ip address 46.1.1.1 24 
[r6-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/1 
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.72.1 30

[r7]interface LoopBack 0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.12.1 24
[r7-LoopBack0]int s4/0/0  
[r7-Serial4/0/0]ip address 47.1.1.1 24
[r7-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/1 
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.104.1 30

[r8]int LoopBack 0 
[r8-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.96.1 24
[r8-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0   
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.104.2 30
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1   
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.104.129 30

[r9]int LoopBack 0   
[r9-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.128.1 24
[r9-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.104.130 30
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.144.1 30

[r10]int LoopBack 0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.136.1 24
[r10-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.144.2 30

[r11]int LoopBack 0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.64.1 24
[r11-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.72.2 30
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1  
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.72.129 30

[r12]int LoopBack 0
[r12-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.160.1 24
[r12-LoopBack0]int lo1  
[r12-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.168.1 24
[r12-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.72.130 30

二、处理area0

1、配置R3/5/6/7缺省路由条目，指向R4（公网环境）

[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.1.1.2

[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.1.1.2

[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.1.1.2

[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.1.1.2

2、创建tunnel隧道      R3---R5/6/7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点，R5/6/7为分支站点

R3(中心站点配置)

[r3]interface Tunnel 0/0/0        创建tunnel口
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.16.1 29       配置接口IP地址
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp        修改接口模式为点到多点
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.1.1.1                        定义公有的源IP地址
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100                 
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic        本地成为NHRP中心，同时可以进行伪广播

R5/6/7（分支站点配置）

[r5]int Tunnel0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.16.2 29  
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp  
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source 45.1.1.1
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.16.1 34.1.1.1 register             分支需要到中心站点注册

[r6]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.16.3 29
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source 46.1.1.1
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.16.1 34.1.1.1 register 

[r7]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.16.4 29
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source 47.1.1.1
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.16.1 34.1.1.1 register 

3、开启OSPF协议，宣告网段

[r3]ospf 10 router-id 93.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-10]area 0  
[r3-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255
[r3-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.16.1 0.0.0.0

[r5]ospf 10 router-id 95.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-10]area 0  
[r5-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.16.2 0.0.0.0
[r5-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255

[r6]ospf 10 router-id 96.6.6.6 
[r6-ospf-10]area 0  
[r6-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.16.3 0.0.0.0 
[r6-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.8.0 0.0.0.255

[r7]ospf 10 router-id 97.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-10]area 0 
[r7-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.16.4 0.0.0.0
[r7-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.12.0 0.0.0.255

4、更改area0中的OSPF网络类型

[r3]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast 

[r5]interface Tunnel 0/0/0 
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast 

[r6]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[r7]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

 

[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

三、处理area1/2/3/4区域

area1：

[r1]ospf 10 router-id 91.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-10]area 1
[r1-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.0.255
[r1-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.48.1 0.0.0.0

[r2]ospf 10 router-id 92.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-10]area 1  
[r2-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.40.0 0.0.0.255   
[r2-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.48.2 0.0.0.0

[r3]ospf 10
[r3-ospf-10]area 1
[r3-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.48.2 0.0.0.0

area2：

[r6]ospf 10 router-id 96.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-10]area 2
[r6-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.72.1 0.0.0.0

[r11]ospf 10 router-id 101.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-10]area 2  
[r11-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.64.0 0.0.0.255
[r11-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.72.2 0.0.0.0
[r11-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.72.129 0.0.0.0

[r12]ospf 10 router-id 102.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-10]area 2
[r12-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.72.130 0.0.0.0

area3：

[r7]ospf 10 router-id 97.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-10]area 3
[r7-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.104.1 0.0.0.0

[r8]ospf 10 router-id 98.8.8.8  
[r8-ospf-10]area 3  
[r8-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.96.0 0.0.0.255   
[r8-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.104.2 0.0.0.0
[r8-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.104.129 0.0.0.0

[r9]ospf 10 router-id 99.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-10]area 3  
[r9-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.104.130 0.0.0.0

area4及加快收敛，保障更新安全：

不规则区域问题在后面解决

[r9]ospf 10   
[r9-ospf-10]area 4
[r9-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.0.255
[r9-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.144.1 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.4]q
[r9-ospf-10]q
[r9]interface g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5    
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer dead 15
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 10 cipher huawei

[r10]ospf 10 router-id 100.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-10]area 4 
[r10-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.136.0 0.0.0.255
[r10-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.144.2 0.0.0.0
[r10-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.4]q
[r10-ospf-10]q
[r10]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5 
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer dead 15
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 10 cipher huawei

四、汇总减少LSA条目及不规则区域处理

1、解决不规则区域

[r9]ospf 10
[r9-ospf-10]area 4
[r9-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.4]undo network 172.16.128.0 0.0.0.255
[r9-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.4]undo network 172.16.144.1 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.4]q
[r9-ospf-10]undo area 4
[r9-ospf-10]ospf 20
[r9-ospf-20]area 4
[r9-ospf-20-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.0.255
[r9-ospf-20-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.144.1 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-20-area-0.0.0.4]q

[r9-ospf-20]ospf 10
[r9-ospf-10]import-route ospf 20

2、路由条目汇总

R3:

[r3]ospf 10
[r3-ospf-10]area 2   
[r3-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0

R6:

[r6]ospf 10   
[r6-ospf-10]area 2
[r6-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0

R12:

[r12]ospf 10
[r12-ospf-10]import-route direct 
[r12-ospf-10]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0

R7:

[r7]ospf 10
[r7-ospf-10]area 3
[r7-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0

R9:

[r2]ospf 10
[r2-ospf-10]asbr-summary 172.16.129.0 255.255.224.0

3、创建特殊区域，减少LSA

[r3]ospf 10  
[r3-ospf-10]area 1
[r3-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary 

[r1]ospf 10   
[r1-ospf-10]area 1
[r1-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.1]nssa no-summary

[r2-ospf-10]area 1
[r2-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.1]nssa no-summary

[r6]ospf 10 
[r6-ospf-10]area 2
[r6-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

[r11]ospf 10
[r11-ospf-10]area 2  
[r11-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.2]nssa 

[r12]ospf 10
[r12-ospf-10]area 2  
[r12-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.2]nssa 

[r7]ospf 10    
[r7-ospf-10]area 3
[r7-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

[r8]ospf 10
[r8-ospf-10]area 3 
[r8-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.3]nssa 

[r9]ospf 10
[r9-ospf-10]area 3
[r9-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.3]nssa 
[r9-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.3]q
[r9-ospf-10]q
[r9]ospf 20
[r9-ospf-20]default-route-advertise

4、全网可达（配置NAT）

[r3]acl 2000 
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3-acl-basic-2000]in s4/0/0    
[r3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[r5]acl 2000 
[r5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r5-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[r6]acl 2000    
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[r7]acl 2000
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[r7-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000