mysql 语句练习 基础篇及进阶篇（含答案）

建表及数据

CREATE DATABASE `emp`;
USE emp;

CREATE TABLE `emp` (
                       `empno` int(4) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,-- 员工号
                       `ename` VARCHAR(10),-- 员工名
                       `job` VARCHAR(9),-- 工作类型
                       `mgr` int(4), -- 上级领导编号
                       `hiredate` DATE,-- 受雇日期
                       `sal` float(7,2),-- 月工资
                       `comm` float(7,2),-- 月奖金提成
                       `deptno` int(2), -- 部门编号
                        -- 外键关联
                       CONSTRAINT fk_deptno FOREIGN KEY(deptno) REFERENCES dept(deptno)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7369,'SMITH','CLERK',7902,'1980-12-17',800,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7499,'ALLEN','SALESMAN',7698,'1981-02-20',1600,300,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7521,'WARD','SALESMAN',7698,'1981-02-22',1250,500,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7566,'JONES','MANAGER',7839,'1981-04-02',2975,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7654,'MARTIN','SALESMAN',7698,'1981-09-28',1250,1400,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7698,'BLAKE','MANAGER',7839,'1981-05-01',2850,NULL,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7782,'CLARK','MANAGER',7839,'1981-06-09',2450,NULL,10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7788,'SCOTT','ANALYST',7566,'1987-07-13',3000,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7839,'KING','PRESIDENT',NULL,'1981-11-07',5000,NULL,10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7844,'TURNER','SALESMAN',7698,'1981-09-08',1500,0,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7876,'ADAMS','CLERK',7788,'1987-07-13',1100,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7900,'JAMES','CLERK',7698,'1981-12-03',950,NULL,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7902,'FORD','ANALYST',7566,'1981-12-03',3000,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (7934,'MILLER','CLERK',7782,'1982-01-23',1300,NULL,10);


CREATE TABLE `dept`(
                       `deptno` INT(2) NOT NULL,-- 部门号
                       `dname` VARCHAR(14),-- 部门名称
                       `loc` VARCHAR(13),-- 部门地址
                       CONSTRAINT pk_dept PRIMARY KEY(deptno)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO dept VALUES (10,'ACCOUNTING','NEW YORK');
INSERT INTO dept VALUES (20,'RESEARCH','DALLAS');
INSERT INTO dept VALUES (30,'SALES','CHICAGO');
INSERT INTO dept VALUES (40,'OPERATIONS','BOSTON');

CREATE TABLE `salgrade` (
                            `grade` int,-- 工资等级
                            `losal` int,-- 最低工资
                            `hisal` int -- 最高工资
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (1,700,1200);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (2,1201,1400);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (3,1401,2000);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (4,2001,3000);
INSERT INTO SALGR