1 题目描述
Table: Activity
+--------------+---------+
| Column Name | Type |
+--------------+---------+
| player_id | int |
| device_id | int |
| event_date | date |
| games_played | int |
+--------------+---------+
(player_id, event_date) 是这个表的两个主键(具有唯一值的列的组合)
这个表显示的是某些游戏玩家的游戏活动情况
每一行是在某天使用某个设备登出之前登录并玩多个游戏(可能为0)的玩家的记录
1.1 测试用例
请编写解决方案,描述每一个玩家首次登陆的设备名称
返回结果格式如以下示例:
示例 1:
输入:
Activity table:
+-----------+-----------+------------+--------------+
| player_id | device_id | event_date | games_played |
+-----------+-----------+------------+--------------+
| 1 | 2 | 2016-03-01 | 5 |
| 1 | 2 | 2016-05-02 | 6 |
| 2 | 3 | 2017-06-25 | 1 |
| 3 | 1 | 2016-03-02 | 0 |
| 3 | 4 | 2018-07-03 | 5 |
+-----------+-----------+------------+--------------+
输出:
+-----------+-----------+
| player_id | device_id |
+-----------+-----------+
| 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 3 | 1 |
+-----------+-----------+
2 解题思路
2.1 踩坑思路
这题看上去与 LeetCode–511. 游戏玩法分析 I 相似, 但用到的思想有一定的差异, 一开始想借用这题的思路找到结果
select a.player_id, a.device_id from (select player_id, device_id, min(event_date) as first_login from Activity group by player_id) a
测试用用例
| player_id | device_id | event_date | games_played |
| --------- | --------- | ---------- | ------------ |
| 1 | 2 | 2016-03-01 | 5 |
| 1 | 2 | 2016-05-02 | 6 |
| 1 | 3 | 2015-06-25 | 1 |
| 3 | 1 | 2016-03-02 | 0 |
| 3 | 4 | 2016-02-03 | 5 |
预期结果
| player_id | device_id |
| --------- | --------- |
| 1 | 3 |
| 3 | 4 |
实际输出
| player_id | device_id |
| --------- | --------- |
| 1 | 2 |
| 3 | 1 |
上面的 sql 有坑, 在 group by player_id
和 min(event_date)
条件下, device_id
不是 min(event_date)
这行对应的数据
2.2 min() + join
解题思路
group by player_id
和min(event_date)
通过这个查找每个 player_id 的最早登录时间- 使用
join
外连接Activity
, 连接条件player_id
和event_date
select a.player_id, a.device_id
from Activity as a
inner join (select player_id, min(event_date) as event_date from Activity group by player_id) as b
on a.player_id = b.player_id and a.event_date = b.event_date
2.3 rank() + over()
解题思路
- 使用
rank() + over()
组合函数实现, 按照player_id
分组, 查询最早登录的event_date
和device_id
- 对上面结果进行筛选, 查找出
rank = 1
的数据
select a.player_id, a.device_id
from (select player_id, device_id, rank() over (partition by player_id order by event_date) as 'rank' from Activity) a
where a.rank = 1