页面数据类型为json，后端接受json数据

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于 2024-01-17 13:37:45 发布

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分类专栏： springmvc java json 文章标签： json

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本文介绍了使用SpringBoot构建的一个项目，涉及pom.xml中的依赖管理，web.xml中配置的前端控制器和编码过滤器，以及使用Ajax从addStudent.jsp页面向Controller发送JSON数据的过程。同时展示了Student实体类和SpringMVC的@RequestBody注解的使用。

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项目结构

在这里插入图片描述

依赖pom.xml

<dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">

<!--  配置前端控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

<!--  编码过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

addStudent.jsp

取得input 的输入值然后编写json数据，JSON.stringify(student) 将student 转化为json对象


<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="/JQ/jquery.js"></script>
    <script>
        $(function (){
            $(":button").click(function (){
                let student = {
                    "id":$("[name=id]:text").val(),
                    "name":$("[name=name]:text").val(),
                    "age":$("[name=age]:text").val(),
                    "subject":$("[name=subject]:text").val(),
                    "address":$("[name=address]:text").val()
                };
                $.ajax({
                    "url":"http://localhost:8080/testAjax",
                    "type":"POST",
                    "dataType":"json",
                    "contentType":"application/json",
                    "data":JSON.stringify(student),
                    "success":function (data){
                        console.log(data)
                    }
                })
            })
        })
    </script>
</head>
<body>
<div>
    <input type="text" name="id" placeholder="ID"><br>
    <input type="text" name="name" placeholder="name"><br>
    <input type="text" name="age" placeholder="age"><br>
    <input type="text" name="subject" placeholder="subject"><br>
    <input type="text" name="address" placeholder="address"><br>
    <input type="button" value="添加"><br>
</div>
</body>
</html>

Student实体类，get set toString方法

在这里插入图片描述

StudentController代码

package com.tmg.controller;

import com.tmg.domain.Student;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Controller
public class StudentController {

    List<Student> students=new ArrayList<>();
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("testAjax")
    public List<Student> testAjax(@RequestBody Student student){
        students.add(student);
        return students;
    }

    @RequestMapping("hello")
    public String toIndex(){
        System.out.println("hello");
        return "addStudent";
    }
}

resources下spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.tmg"></context:component-scan>

<!--    配置视图解析器-->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

<!--   配置静态资源的处理器 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler></mvc:default-servlet-handler>

<!--    配置注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>


</beans>