io-day3

1.使用文件IO完成对图像的读写操作

  1 #include <head.h>
  2 int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
  3 {
  4     int fd=-1;//定义一个文件描述符
  5     if ((fd=open("./cat.bmp",O_RDWR))==-1)
  6     {
  7         perror("open error");
  8         return -1;
  9     }
 10     //读取文件大小，先向右偏移２个字节大小
 11     lseek(fd,2,SEEK_SET);
 12     int size = 0;
 13     //读取文件的大小
 14     read(fd,&size,sizeof(size));
 15     printf("%d\n",size);
 16     //将光标向右偏移54个字节
 17     lseek(fd,54,SEEK_SET);                                                                      
 18     //定义一个颜色,白色
 19     unsigned char color[3]={255,255,255};
 20     for (int i=0;i<50 ;i++ )//外行控制的是行像素
 21     {
 22         for (int j=0;j<1200 ;j++ )//内行控制的是列像素
 23         {
 24             write(fd,color,sizeof(color));//写入颜色
 25         }
 26     }
 27     
 28     //关闭文件
 29     close(fd);
 30     return 0;
 31 
~                                                                                                   
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~                                              

2> 使用stat函数实现 ls -l 指令功能

#include <head.h>
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
    DIR *dp=NULL;
    if ((dp=opendir("./"))==NULL)
    {
        perror("opendir error");
        return -1;
    }                                                                                           
    //定义文件状态类型的结构体变量，用于返回文件信息
    struct stat st;
    struct dirent*rp=NULL;
    int dirflag  = 0;
    while((rp=readdir(dp))!=NULL)//遍历目录
    {
        dirflag = 0;
        //调用函数，获取给定的文件状态
        if (stat(rp->d_name,&st)==-1)
        {
            perror("stat error");
            return -1;
        }
        //st中已经存放了指定文件的信息
        switch (st.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
        case S_IFBLK:  printf("b"); break;
        case S_IFCHR:  printf("c"); break;
        case S_IFDIR:  printf("d");dirflag = 1; break;
        case S_IFIFO:  printf("p"); break;
        case S_IFLNK:  printf("l"); break;
        case S_IFREG:  printf("-"); break;
        case S_IFSOCK: printf("s"); break;
        default: return -1; break;
        }
        int res=st.st_mode&0777;
        for (int i=1;i<10 ;i++ )
        {
            int temp=res;
            temp=temp&(0x01<<(9-i));
            temp=temp>>(9-i);
            if (temp==1)
            {

                if (i%3==1)
                {
                    printf("r");
                }
                else if(i%3==2)
                {
                    printf("w");
                }
                else
                {
                    printf("x");
                }
            }
            else
            {
                printf("-");
            }
        }
        printf(" %ld",st.st_nlink);
        struct passwd *user = NULL;
        struct group *group = NULL;
        user = getpwuid(st.st_uid);
        group = getgrgid(st.st_gid);
        printf(" %s",user->pw_name);
        printf(" %s",group->gr_name);
        printf(" %10ld",st.st_size);
        struct tm*time=localtime(&st.st_atim);
        printf(" %2d %2d %02d:%02d",\
                time->tm_mon+1,time->tm_mday,time->tm_hour,time->tm_min);
        printf(" %s",rp->d_name);
        if (dirflag)
        {
            printf("/");
        }
        printf("\n");

    }

    closedir(dp);
    return 0;
}