Java生产者-消费者问题线程交互

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已于 2022-06-16 00:00:15 修改

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分类专栏： java入门文章标签： java 开发语言

于 2022-06-15 10:23:02 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_57780057/article/details/125291996

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该博客介绍了如何使用Java实现生产者-消费者问题的经典案例。通过Product类表示产品，ProductStack作为缓冲区，Producter和Consumer线程分别扮演生产者和消费者的角色，利用wait()和notifyAll()进行线程交互，确保数据同步。示例展示了如何在多线程环境中避免数据溢出和空指针异常，保证生产与消费的平衡。

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线程交互的应用

生产者-消费者问题是多线程数据同步的经典问题，请编程实现生产者、消费者和缓冲数据区域，并编写测试代码验证。

// 产品
public class Product {
    public int id;
    private String prodecuBy = "N/A";
    private String consumeBy = "N/A";

    // 产品ID，和生产者的名字
    public Product(int id, String prodecuBy) {
        this.id = id;
        this.prodecuBy = prodecuBy;
    }

    public String getProdecuBy() {
        return prodecuBy;
    }

    public void setProdecuBy(String prodecuBy) {
        this.prodecuBy = prodecuBy;
    }

    public String getConsumeBy() {
        return consumeBy;
    }

    public void setConsumeBy(String consumeBy) {
        this.consumeBy = consumeBy;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Product{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", prodecuBy='" + prodecuBy + '\'' +
                ", consumeBy='" + consumeBy + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

// 存储产品
public class ProductStack {
    public int index = 0;
    public Product[] products = new Product[5];
    //生产者放入
    public synchronized void push(Product product){
        // 等待，避免越界
        while (index >= products.length){
            System.out.println(product.getProdecuBy() + "is waiting!");
            try {
                wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        // 唤醒
        System.out.println(product.getProdecuBy()+"send a notifyAll.");
        notifyAll();
        products[index] = product;
        index++;
        System.out.println(product.getProdecuBy()+"生产了"+product);
    }

    //消费者取出
    public synchronized Product pop(String consumerName){

        while (index == 0){
            System.out.println(consumerName + "is waiting!");
            try {
                wait();
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        // 唤醒等待的生产者
        System.out.println(consumerName+"send a notifyAll.");
        notifyAll();
        index--;
        Product product = products[index];
        System.out.println(product.getConsumeBy()+"生产了"+product);
        return product;
    }

}

// 消费者、生产者线程创建、运行线程
class Producter implements Runnable{
    private String name;
    private ProductStack productStack = null;

    public Producter(String name, ProductStack productStack) {
        this.name = name;
        this.productStack = productStack;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){
            Product product = new Product(i, name);
            productStack.push(product);
            try {
                Thread.sleep(200);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

class Consumer implements Runnable {
    private String name;
    private ProductStack productStack;

    public Consumer(String name, ProductStack productStack) {
        this.name = name;
        this.productStack = productStack;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Product product = productStack.pop(name);

            try {
                Thread.sleep(200);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}


public class ProducerConsumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ProductStack productStack = new ProductStack();
        Producter producter = new Producter("生产者:A ", productStack);
        Consumer consumer = new Consumer("消费者：1", productStack);
        new Thread(producter).start();
        new Thread(consumer).start();
    }
}