Mysql5.7 二进制 部署

一 下载

下载路径：MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server (Archived Versions)

文档路径：MySQL ：： MySQL 5.7 参考手册

环境：centos7

二 部署

1、上传并解压

[root@localhost opt]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.37-el7-x86_64.tar.gz 
[root@localhost opt]# ls
mysql-5.7.37-el7-x86_64  mysql-5.7.37-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

2、创建用户和data目录

[root@localhost opt]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost opt]# mkdir mysql-5.7.37-el7-x86_64/data
[root@localhost opt]# chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql-5.7.37-el7-x86_64
[root@localhost opt]# mv mysql-5.7.37-el7-x86_64 mysql #重命名

3 初始化

[root@localhost opt]# cd /opt/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/data/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/data --log-error=/opt/mysql/error.log --pid-file=/opt/mysql/data/mysql.pid
[root@localhost mysql]# cat error.log  #查看初始化密码 最后一行 root@localhost：后面
2022-08-04T07:07:22.333620Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2022-08-04T07:07:23.530589Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2022-08-04T07:07:23.561088Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2022-08-04T07:07:23.626307Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 16da16ed-13c4-11ed-8751-000c2947a17b.
2022-08-04T07:07:23.627382Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2022-08-04T07:07:24.461211Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-08-04T07:07:24.461235Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2022-08-04T07:07:24.462478Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2022-08-04T07:07:24.948371Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: &L:o<uBr+5>3

初始化参数说明：

--user=mysql: 指定用户

--basedir= ：指定mysql 目录

--datadir=：指定mysql 的data 数据目录

--log-error= ：指定mysql log 日志文件路径

--pid-file=：指定pid 文件路径

4 设置my.cnf

[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/opt/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
basedir=/opt/mysql
datadir=/opt/mysql/data
socket=/opt/mysql/mysql.sock
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
skip-name-resolve
default-time-zone='+08:00'
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_connections=500
max_heap_table_size=64M
sort_buffer_size=64M
join_buffer_size=32M
query_cache_size=128M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=8G
lower_case_table_names=1
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/opt/mysql/error.log
pid-file=/opt/mysql/data/mysql.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

重要参数说明：

lower_case_table_names=1 ：windows 默认是1，linux 默认是0 ，0：表名字是存储给定的大小并且是区分大小写的，1：表名字存储在磁盘是小写的，但是比较的时候不区分大小写，存储的时候是按照给定的大小写存储的，比较的时候是按照小写的方式比较。

default-character-set=utf8：设置字符集，mysql默认字符集为latin，这里设置UTF8

default-time-zone='+08:00'：MySQL默认的时区是UTC时区，比北京时间晚8个小时，设置MySQL默认时区为东八区。

max_connections=500：最大连接数。

5 启动并设置开机自启

cp support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

vim /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/opt/mysql
datadir=/opt/mysql/data
mysqld_pid_file_path=/opt/mysql/data/mysql.pid  #设置这3个参数即可

chkconfig --add mysqld

/etc/init.d/mysqld start  #启动

6 初始化后修改数据库root 密码

[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/profile  #跳到文件最后加 
export MYSQL_HOME=/opt/mysql
export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH

[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile 

mysql -u root -p   #输入刚刚查看日志的密码登录

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'newpassword';