JAVA序列化和反序列化

1.定义

序列化：Serialize,java对象存储到文件中将java对象的状态保存下来的过程。

反序列化：DeSerialize,将硬盘上的数据重新恢复到内存当中，恢复成java对象。

2.实现序列化和反序列化

1.参与序列化和反序列的对象必须实现Serializable接口

2.Serializable接口是一个标志接口，起到标志作用，没有任何方法

3.Serializable这个标志接口是给java虚拟机参考的，java虚拟机看到这个接口之后，会为该类自动生成一个序列化版本号

3.transient

transient关键字表示不参加序列化

序列化的实现

public class ObjectOutputStreamTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        User user = new User("tom",11);
        ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
        try {
           oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("students"));
           oos.writeObject(user);
           oos.flush();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            if (oos != null){
                try {
                    oos.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

public class User implements Serializable {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    public  User(){}
    public User(String name, int age){
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

反序列化的实现

public class ObjectInputStreamTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ObjectInputStream ois = null;
        try {
             ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("students"));
             Object o = ois.readObject();
             System.out.println(o);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (ois != null){
                try {
                    ois.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

在控制台输出

User{name='tom', age=11}

序列化多个对象

public class ObjectOutputStreamTest02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        List<User> users =new ArrayList<User>();
        users.add(new User("tom",11));
        users.add(new User("lbj",37));
        users.add(new User("gurry",32));
        ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("user"));
        oos.writeObject(users);
        oos.flush();
        oos.close();

    }
}

public class ObjectInputStreamTest02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("user"));
        Object o = ois.readObject();
        System.out.println(o);
        ois.close();
    }
}

控制台输出

[User{name='tom', age=11}, User{name='lbj', age=37}, User{name='gurry', age=32}]

在属性前加入关键字transient

private  transient String name;

控制台输出

[User{name='null', age=11}, User{name='null', age=37}, User{name='null', age=32}]