一、字符串操作
1、字符串的创建
var s1=“hello”
var s2=new String(“hello”)
2、属性
s1.length 获取字符串长度
3、方法
(1)获取字符
charAt() 返回给定位置的字符(单个)
charCodeAt() 返回字符编码
[]
var s1="hello"
01234 -----索引或下标值
(2)拼接字符串
+ 字符串链接
concat():用于将一个或多个字符串拼接起来,并返回拼接后得到的新字符串
var s1 = “hello”
// var s2 = s1.concat(“word”)
var s2 = s1.concat(“word”,“student”,“1”)
console.log(s2)
(3)子字符串
substr(起始位置,长度) 从起始位置截取指定的长度的子字符串
如起始位置位负数,则倒数
console.log(s1.substr(3)) //lo world
console.log(s1.substr(3,6)) //lo wor 长度
console.log(s1.substr(0)) //hello world
console.log(s1.substr(-3)) //rld
console.log(s1.substr(3,-4)) //“”
console.log(s1.substr(8,3)) //rld
substring(起始位置,终止位置) 其实包含,终止不包含
遇到负数,自定转换为0
起始如大于终止,则自动调换
console.log(s1.substring(3)) //lo world
console.log(s1.substring(3,7)) //lo w
console.log(s1.substring(0)) //hello world
console.log(s1.substring(-3)) //hello world
console.log(s1.substring(3,-4)) //hel
console.log(s1.substring(8,3)) //lo wo
slice(起始位置,终止位置)
识别负数
console.log(s1.slice(3)) //lo world
console.log(s1.slice(3,7)) //lo w
console.log(s1.slice(0)) //hello world
console.log(s1.slice(-3)) //rld
console.log(s1.slice(3,-4)) //lo w
console.log(s1.slice(8,3)) //""
(4)字符串大小写转换
s1 = “hello”
console.log(s1.toLowerCase()) //转换小写
console.log(s1.toUpperCase()) //转换大写
(5)去空格
s1 = " he llo "
console.log(s1.trim()) //he llo 去左右空格
(6)split 分割
s1 = “he,l,l,o,wo,r,d”
console.log(s1.split(“,”)) //[ “he”, “l”, “l”, “o”, “wo”, “r”, “d” ]
console.log(s1.split(“,”,2)) //[ “he”, “l” ]
s2 = “heollolw”
console.log(s2.split(“ol”)) //[ “he”, “l”, “w” ]
(7)字符串的位置方法、
indexOf() 返回指定字符串的第一个位置,如找不到,返回-1
第二个参数表示查找他的起始位置
lastIndexOf() 从后向前查找
s1 = "hello world"
console.log(s1.indexOf("e")) //1
console.log(s1.indexOf("o")) //4
console.log(s1.indexOf("m")) //-1
console.log(s1.indexOf("o",6)) //7
console.log(s1.lastIndexOf("o")) //7
console.log(s1.lastIndexOf("l")) //9
(8)替换replace
(1)返回新字符串
(2)替换第一个匹配项
s1 = “hello”
// s2 = s1.replace(“e”,“m”)
// console.log(s2) //hmllo
s2=s1.replace(“l”,“m”)
console.log(s2)
while(s1.indexOf("l")!=-1){
s1=s1.replace("l","m")
}console.log(s1) //hemmo
s1="heabcAbca"
//正则表达式:i-忽略大小写 g-全局查找
reg=/a/ig
s3 = s1.replace(reg,"m")
console.log(s3)
二、Ascii码
a 97
z 122
A 65
Z 90
0 48
9 57
空格 32
回车 13