@PathVariable注解踩坑PathVariable annotation was empty on param 0.

项目场景：

在controller中使用@PathVariable注解能够正常使用，在做feign远程服务调用时却出了问题。

---

问题描述

情况对比：

controller中：

package com.xiaoma.controller;

import com.xiaoma.pojo.Member;
import com.xiaoma.service.MemberService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/shop/member")
public class MemberController {

    @Autowired
    MemberService memberService;

    /**
     * 根据id查询员工
     * @param id 员工id
     * @return 单个员工信息
     */
    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public Member findById(@PathVariable Long id){
        return memberService.findById(id);
    }

}

创建测试GET http://localhost:8080/shop/member/1能够成功拿到数据库中的数据。

在做feign调用时：

feign接口MemberClient

package com.xiaoma.feign;

import com.xiaoma.pojo.Member;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;


@FeignClient("shop-user-provider")
public interface MemberClient {

    @GetMapping("/shop/member/{id}")
    Member findById(@PathVariable Long id);

}

服务消费者

package com.xiaoma.controller;

import com.xiaoma.feign.MemberClient;
import com.xiaoma.pojo.Member;
import com.xiaoma.service.MemberService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/shop/member")
public class MemberConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    MemberClient memberClient;

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public Member findById(@PathVariable Long id){
        return memberClient.findById(id);
    }

}

---

原因分析：

CTRL+左键点进去@PathVariable注解查看源码

我们在controller中只要id和/{id}相同会做默认赋值，

在做feign调用时需要指明id绑定的占位符参数位置，即@PathVariable("id")写法

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2018 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.web.bind.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;

/**
 * Annotation which indicates that a method parameter should be bound to a URI template
 * variable. Supported for {@link RequestMapping} annotated handler methods.
 *
 * <p>If the method parameter is {@link java.util.Map Map&lt;String, String&gt;}
 * then the map is populated with all path variable names and values.
 *
 * @author Arjen Poutsma
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @since 3.0
 * @see RequestMapping
 * @see org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter
 */
@Target(ElementType.PARAMETER)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface PathVariable {

	/**
	 * Alias for {@link #name}.
	 */
	@AliasFor("name")
	String value() default "";

	/**
	 * The name of the path variable to bind to.
	 * @since 4.3.3
	 */
	@AliasFor("value")
	String name() default "";

	/**
	 * Whether the path variable is required.
	 * <p>Defaults to {@code true}, leading to an exception being thrown if the path
	 * variable is missing in the incoming request. Switch this to {@code false} if
	 * you prefer a {@code null} or Java 8 {@code java.util.Optional} in this case.
	 * e.g. on a {@code ModelAttribute} method which serves for different requests.
	 * @since 4.3.3
	 */
	boolean required() default true;

}

---

解决方案：

修改feign接口，指明id绑定的占位符参数位置，即@PathVariable("id")写法

package com.xiaoma.feign;

import com.xiaoma.pojo.Member;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import java.util.List;

@FeignClient("shop-user-provider")
public interface MemberClient {

    @GetMapping("/shop/member/{id}")
    Member findById(@PathVariable("id") Long id);


}