Python matlibplot 绘制线段、矩形、多边形函数

接触了函数之后发现会更高效，故记录，以便日后使用。

1 绘制线段

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.set_xlim(0, 15)
ax.set_ylim(0, 15)

# 线段
x_line = [0, 3]
y_line = [3, 3]
plt.plot(x_line, y_line)

plt.show()

2 绘制矩形

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as pch
fig, ax = plt.subplots()

ax.set_xlim(0, 5)
ax.set_ylim(0, 5)

#定义矩形绘图函数，依次是矩形左下角的点从点(x,y)开始，矩形的宽、高，填充颜色，边框颜色，填充与否
def rect(x,y,width,h,facecolor='white', edgecolor='black'):
    rect = pch.Rectangle(xy=(x, y), width=width, height=h, facecolor=facecolor, edgecolor=edgecolor)
    ax.add_patch(rect)


#绘制矩形
rect(x=1,y=1,width = 3, h = 3,edgecolor='black')

plt.show()
​

3 绘制多边形

点与点之间的连接

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.set_xlim(0, 15)
ax.set_ylim(0, 15)

# 定义多边形的顶点（x和y坐标），用列表一一对应
x = np.array([1, 10, 5, 4])
y = np.array([1, 3, 8, 3])


def draw_poly(x, y, facecolor='blue', edgecolor='black'):
    poly = plt.Polygon(np.column_stack((x, y)), facecolor=facecolor, edgecolor=edgecolor)
    ax.add_patch(poly)

# 绘制多边形
draw_poly(x, y, facecolor='grey', edgecolor='black')

plt.show()