MVVM——存储学生信息

MVVM（Model-View-ViewModel）是一种软件架构模式，用于实现用户界面（UI）和业务逻辑之间的分离。 view 和 model 之间没有直接的关系，通过 viewModel 来完成数据双向绑定。

 

xaml界面（输入框与StudentViewModel相关属性绑定）

     <Control:MetroWindow.Resources>
        <Style x:Key="FromLabel" TargetType="{x:Type Label}">
            <Setter Property="FontSize" Value="20"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="White"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="Margin" Value="5"></Setter>
        </Style>
        <Style x:Key="FromTextBox" TargetType="{x:Type TextBox}">
            <Setter Property="FontSize" Value="20"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="White"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="Margin" Value="5"></Setter>
            <Setter Property="Width" Value="200"></Setter>
        </Style>
    </Control:MetroWindow.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="auto"></RowDefinition>
            <RowDefinition Height="1*"></RowDefinition>
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <StackPanel Grid.Row="0" DataContext="{Binding StudentViewModel}"> 
        <!--绑定的是MainViewModel中的StudentViewModel属性-->
            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                <Label Style="{StaticResource FromLabel}">姓名</Label>
                <TextBox Style="{StaticResource FromTextBox}" Text="{Binding Name, Mode=TwoWay}"></TextBox>
            </StackPanel>
            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                <Label Style="{StaticResource FromLabel}">班级</Label>
                <TextBox Style="{StaticResource FromTextBox}" Text="{Binding ClassName, Mode=TwoWay}"></TextBox>
            </StackPanel>
            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                <Label Style="{StaticResource FromLabel}">年龄</Label>
                <TextBox Style="{StaticResource FromTextBox}" Text="{Binding Age, Mode=TwoWay}"></TextBox>
            </StackPanel>
            <Button Width="50" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="65,5,5,5" Command="{Binding SaveCommand}">保存</Button>
        </StackPanel>  
   

 MainWindow.Datacontext为MainViewModel

 public partial class MainWindow : MetroWindow
 {
     MainViewModel vm = new MainViewModel();
     public MainWindow()
     {
         InitializeComponent();
         this.DataContext = this.vm; //MainWindow界面的数据源为MainViewModel
     }
 }

MainViewModel含有的属性和方法

 public class MainViewModel : ObservableObject
 {
     StudentViewModel studentViewModel;
     public StudentViewModel StudentViewModel //MainViewModel实例属性有StudentViewModel
     {  get { return studentViewModel; }
        set { SetProperty(ref studentViewModel, value, nameof(StudentViewModel)); }
     }
     public ObservableCollection<Student> Students { get; set; } //用于存储学生对象
     public MainViewModel() 
     {
         StudentViewModel = new StudentViewModel(); // 实例化 StudentViewModel 对象
         studentViewModel.StudentSaveEvent += StudentViewModel_StudentSaveEvent; // studentViewModel.StudentSaveEvent，处理方法为 StudentViewModel_StudentSaveEvent

         Students = new ObservableCollection<Student>(); //实例化-存储学生对象
     }

     private void StudentViewModel_StudentSaveEvent(object sender, StudentViewModel.StudentSaveEventArgs e)
     {
         Students.Clear();
         foreach (var student in MockData.Students)
         {
             Students.Add(student);
         }
     }

StudentViewModel含有的属性和方法
 

  public class StudentViewModel : ObservableObject
  {
      #region 实例属性：姓名，班级，年龄  
      string name;
      public string Name
      {
          get { return name; }
          set { SetProperty(ref name, value, nameof(Name)); }
      }

      string classname;
      public string ClassName
      {
          get { return classname; }
          set { SetProperty(ref classname, value, nameof(ClassName)); }
      }

      int age;
      public int Age
      {
          get { return age; }
          set { SetProperty(ref age, value, nameof(Age)); }
      }

      #endregion

      public RelayCommand SaveCommand { get; }  // 存储命令，用于保存学生信息（只读，防止实例化后被修改）
      public StudentViewModel() 
      {
          SaveCommand = new RelayCommand(ExcuteCommand);
      }

      public event StudentSaveEventHandler StudentSaveEvent; // 学生保存事件
      public void ExcuteCommand()
      {
          Student student;
          if((student = MockData.Students.Find(s => s.Name == this.Name)) == null) // 判断是否已存在同名学生对象
          {
              student = new Student
              {
                  Name = this.Name,
                  ClassName = this.ClassName,
                  Age = this.Age,
              };
              MockData.Students.Add(student);
          }
          else
          {
              student.Name = this.Name;
              student.ClassName = this.ClassName;
              student.Age = this.Age;
          }
          StudentSaveEvent?.Invoke(this, new StudentSaveEventArgs { Data = student.Name });
      }

      public class StudentSaveEventArgs
      {
          public string  Data { get; set; }
      }

      public delegate void StudentSaveEventHandler(object sender, StudentSaveEventArgs e); // 定义用于处理学生保存事件的委托
  }

 Student类和MockData类

    public class Student
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string ClassName { get; set; }
        public int Age { get; set; }
    }

    public class MockData
    {
        static List<Student> students = new List<Student>(); // 创建一个静态的 List<Student> 类型的变量
        public static List<Student> Students => students;    // 创建一个公共的静态只读属性 Students，返回静态变量 students 的值
    }