K8s的kubectl命令、Pod-控制器、service类型

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-03 15:12:30 发布

Rose my my`

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-03 15:12:30 发布

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文章标签：运维 nginx

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_60172184/article/details/120795030

版权

1、k8s的kubectl命令

启用harbor仓库

在harbor文件的路径下 server8上
在这里插入图片描述
在server1上的master上

[root@server1 ~]#  export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

启动成功

[root@server1 ~]# kubectl run nginx --image=nginx:latest
pod/nginx created

[root@server1 ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME    READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
nginx   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          10s

[root@server1 ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE      NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx   1/1     Running   0          27s   10.244.1.2   server2   <none>           <none>

[root@server1 ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx 
[root@server1 ~]# curl 10.244.1.2			#尝试访问它

[root@server1 ~]# kubectl delete pod nginx		#删除容器 
pod "nginx" deleted

2、K8s的容器负载均衡及版本回

检验所需的文件，下载并进行上传 server1上

lftp 172.25.254.250:/pub/images> get myapp.tar
15931392 bytes transferred

[root@server1 ~]# docker load -i myapp.tar 			#docker本地上传
[root@server1 ~]# docker images | grep myapp 
ikubernetes/myapp                                                 v1        d4a5e0eaa84f   3 years ago    15.5MB
ikubernetes/myapp                                                 v2        54202d3f0f35   3 years ago    15.5MB

改标签
[root@server1 ~]# docker tag ikubernetes/myapp:v1 reg.westos.org/library/myapp:v1
[root@server1 ~]# docker tag ikubernetes/myapp:v2 reg.westos.org/library/myapp:v2	
[root@server1 ~]# docker login reg.westos.org		#登陆harbor的仓库
[root@server1 ~]# docker push reg.westos.org/library/myapp:v1	#上传
[root@server1 ~]# docker push reg.westos.org/library/myapp:v2

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 ~]# kubectl create deployment webserver --image=myapp:v1	#创建容器
deployment.apps/webserver created
[root@server1 ~]# kubectl get pod			#查看
NAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
webserver-555478bbb6-2wpzh   1/1     Running   0          26s
[root@server1 ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide		#较详细的查看
NAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE      NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
webserver-555478bbb6-2wpzh   1/1     Running   0          52s   10.244.2.2   server3   <none>           <none>
[root@server1 ~]# curl 10.244.2.2		
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
[root@server1 ~]# curl 10.244.2.2/hostname.html
webserver-555478bbb6-2wpzh

在这里插入图片描述
特点：快速（可以自己实验试一试，删除一个副本）、方便（自动拉取或删除根据你的副本个数）

[root@server1 ~]# kubectl scale  deployment webserver --replicas=3	#设置副本个数，做负载均衡使用
deployment.apps/webserver scaled

[root@server1 ~]# kubectl get pod		#设置副本个数后，少了帮你拉取，多了帮你删
NAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
webserver-555478bbb6-2wpzh   1/1     Running   0          4m32s
webserver-555478bbb6-7xcj6   1/1     Running   0          64s		#新
webserver-555478bbb6-vbtzc   1/1     Running   0          64s		#新


[root@server1 ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide		#更详细的查看容器
curlNAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP           NODE      NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
webserver-555478bbb6-2wpzh   1/1     Running   0          12m     10.244.2.2   server3   <none>           <none>
webserver-555478bbb6-7xcj6   1/1     Running   0          9m15s   10.244.1.3   server2   <none>           <none>
webserver-555478bbb6-vbtzc   1/1     Running   0          9m15s   10.244.2.3   server3   <none>           <none>
[root@server1 ~]# curl 10.244.2.2
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
[root@server1 ~]# curl 10.244.2.2/hostname.html
webserver-555478bbb6-2wpzh
[root@server1 ~]# curl 10.244.2.3/hostname.html
webserver-555478bbb6-vbtzc
[root@server1 ~]# curl 10.244.1.3/hostname.html
webserver-555478bbb6-7xcj6

[root@server1 ~]# kubectl expose deployment webserver --port=80 --target-port=80   #负载均衡
service/webserver exposed
[root@server1 ~]# kubectl get svc		#可以查到调度器的ip   10.111.70.237
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP   5d16h
webserver    ClusterIP   10.111.70.237   <none>        80/TCP    13s
[root@server1 ~]# kubectl describe svc webserver		#以下是详细信息

在这里插入图片描述

其实是以iptables
在这里插入图片描述
[root@server1 ~]# kubectl set image deployment webserver myapp=myapp:v2
deployment.apps/webserver image updated

NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
replicaset.apps/webserver-555478bbb6 0 0 0 34m #之前的版本
replicaset.apps/webserver-779b7fd5d7 3 3 3 39s
在这里插入图片描述
[root@server1 ~]# kubectl rollout undo deployment webserver --to-revision=1 #版本回退
deployment.apps/webserver rolled back

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 ~]# mkdir pod
[root@server1 ~]# cd pod/
[root@server1 pod]# ls
[root@server1 pod]# vim pod.yaml
[root@server1 pod]# cat pod.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: ubuntu
    image: ubuntu:trusty
    command: ["echo"]
    args: ["Hello World"]

网址：https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/v1.22/#pod-v1-core

[root@server1 pod]# kubectl api-versions #查看api的版本

[root@server1 pod]# kubectl delete deployments.apps  webserver 
deployment.apps "webserver" deleted
[root@server1 pod]# 
[root@server1 pod]# kubectl run nginx --image=nginx
pod/nginx created
[root@server1 pod]# kubectl get pod
NAME    READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx   1/1     Running   0          13s

[root@server1 pod]# kubectl get pod nginx -o yaml	#详细的查看它的信息

[root@server1 pod]# vim pod.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
    
[root@server1 pod]# kubectl delete pod nginx 
pod "nginx" deleted

[root@server1 pod]# kubectl get pod
No resources found in default namespace.

[root@server1 pod]# kubectl apply -f pod.yaml 
pod/pod-example created
[root@server1 pod]# kubectl get pod				#启用成功
NAME          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod-example   1/1     Running   0          2m37s
[root@server1 pod]# kubectl delete -f pod.yaml 
pod "pod-example" deleted

[root@server1 pod]# vim pod.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
  - name: busybox
    image: busyboxplus
    stdin: true
    tty: true  
[root@server1 pod]# kubectl get pod
NAME          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod-example   2/2     Running   0          43s		#2/2两个容器都已经准备好了


[root@server1 pod]# kubectl exec -it pod-example -- sh
Defaulted container "nginx" out of: nginx, busybox
command terminated with exit code 130
[root@server1 pod]# kubectl exec -it pod-example -c busybox -- sh
/ # curl localhost
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>

[root@server1 pod]# kubectl delete -f pod.yaml 
pod "pod-example" deleted
[root@server1 pod]# vim  pod.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
  - name: busybox
    image: nginx

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 pod]# kubectl delete -f pod.yaml 
pod "pod-example" deleted
[root@server1 pod]# vim pod.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: pod-example
spec:
  containers:
  - name: nginx
    image: nginx
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    ports:
      - name: http					#记得缩进
        hostPort: 80
        containerPort: 80			
[root@server1 pod]# kubectl apply -f pod.yaml 
pod/pod-example created
[root@server1 pod]# kubectl get pod -o wide			#在server2上开启
NAME          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP            NODE      NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
pod-example   1/1     Running   0          91s   10.244.1.11   server2   <none>           <none>

在其他server上进行iptables -t nat -nL |grep :80 #发现

Pod-控制器

控制器类型：
ReplicaSet
Deployment
DaemonSet
StatefulSet
Job
CronJob

建立文件/root/deployment

1、replicaset

[root@server1 deployment]# ls
deployment.yaml replicaset.yaml

[root@server1 deployment]# vim replicaset.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1					#缩进很重要
kind: ReplicaSet
metadata:
  name: replicaset
spec:
  replicas: 3			#你的副本数
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx		#标签		
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx

[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl apply -f replicaset.yaml 
replicaset.apps/replicaset created
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl get rs
NAME         DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
replicaset   3         3         3       113s


[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl get pod --show-labels 
NAME               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE    LABELS
replicaset-f27q9   1/1     Running   0          3m9s   app=nginx
replicaset-hbfcb   1/1     Running   0          3m9s   app=nginx
replicaset-mrtln   1/1     Running   0          3m9s   app=nginx
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl label pod replicaset-f27q9 app=myapp --overwrite 
pod/replicaset-f27q9 labeled
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl get pod --show-labels 
NAME               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     LABELS
replicaset-f27q9   1/1     Running   0          4m23s   app=myapp		
replicaset-hbfcb   1/1     Running   0          4m23s   app=nginx	#rs只管标签为app=nginx的   也就是文件内写啥它官什么别的不管，所以他又拉取了一个
replicaset-mrtln   1/1     Running   0          4m23s   app=nginx
replicaset-z2qlq   1/1     Running   0          15s     app=nginx

[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl label pod replicaset-f27q9 app=nginx --overwrite 			#再次覆盖回去
pod/replicaset-f27q9 labeled
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl get pod --show-labels 
NAME               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     LABELS
replicaset-f27q9   1/1     Running   0          6m39s   app=nginx	#你会发现：它把之前的回收了。  	
replicaset-hbfcb   1/1     Running   0          6m39s   app=nginx	#AGE时间一致，时间存在短的被回收！
replicaset-mrtln   1/1     Running   0          6m39s   app=nginx

[root@server1 deployment]# cp replicaset.yaml deployment.yaml 
cp: overwrite ‘deployment.yaml’? y
[root@server1 deployment]# vim deployment.yaml 
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment			#改这个
metadata:
  name: deployment		#改这个
spec:
  replicas: 3						#改这个

[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml 
deployment.apps/deployment created

你的rs
在这里插入图片描述

2、deployment

[root@server1 deployment]# vim deployment.yaml 

        image: myapp:v1
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml 
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl get pod			#过个1min 后就ok	这个第2步
NAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
deployment-c5fbbb494-7m9t2   1/1     Running   0          21s
deployment-c5fbbb494-7ssjs   1/1     Running   0          16s
deployment-c5fbbb494-h6rqc   1/1     Running   0          11s
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl get all				#这个一直执行	第1步执行
NAME                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/deployment-c5fbbb494-7m9t2   1/1     Running   0          26s
pod/deployment-c5fbbb494-7ssjs   1/1     Running   0          21s
pod/deployment-c5fbbb494-h6rqc   1/1     Running   0          16s

NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
service/kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP   5d20h
service/webserver    ClusterIP   10.111.70.237   <none>        80/TCP    4h36m

NAME                         READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.apps/deployment   3/3     3            3           13m

NAME                                    DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
replicaset.apps/deployment-6799fc88d8   0         0         0       13m
replicaset.apps/deployment-c5fbbb494    3         3         3       26s

3、 DaemonSet

[root@server1 deployment]# vim DaemonSet.yaml 
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: daemonset-example
  labels:
    k8s-app: zabbix-agent
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: zabbix-agent
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: zabbix-agent
    spec:
      hostNetwork: true
      containers:
      - name: zabbix-agent
        image: nginx

[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl delete -f deployment.yaml --all
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl apply -f DaemonSet.yaml 
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl get pod 
NAME                      READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
daemonset-example-6znql   1/1     Running   0          3m35s
daemonset-example-9cnm4   1/1     Running   0          3m35s
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                      READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP             NODE      NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
daemonset-example-6znql   1/1     Running   0          2m54s   172.25.111.2   server2   <none>           <none>
daemonset-example-9cnm4   1/1     Running   0          2m54s   172.25.111.3   server3   <none>           <none>

[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl delete -f DaemonSet.yaml		#没事回收好习惯 
daemonset.apps "daemonset-example" deleted

4、Job
lftp 172.25.254.250 去下载perl.tar文件

上传到私有仓库中

vim job.yaml

apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: pi
spec:
  template:
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: pi
        image: perl
        command: ["perl",  "-Mbignum=bpi", "-wle", "print bpi(2000)"]
      restartPolicy: Never
  backoffLimit: 4

[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl  describe pod pi--1-xjhjm 
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl logs pi--1-xjhjm

[root@server1 deployment]# vim cronjob.yaml
apiVersion: batch/v1beta1
kind: CronJob
metadata:
  name: cronjob-example
spec:
  schedule: "* * * * *"			#每分钟执行下面的命令
  jobTemplate:
    spec:
      template:
        spec:
          containers:
          - name: cronjob
            image: busybox
            args:
            - /bin/sh
            - -c
            - date; echo Hello from k8s cluster
          restartPolicy: OnFailure
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl apply -f cronjob.yaml 
Warning: batch/v1beta1 CronJob is deprecated in v1.21+, unavailable in v1.25+; use batch/v1 CronJob
cronjob.batch/cronjob-example created

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl logs cronjob-example-27239577--1-wlcmq
Sat Oct 16 08:57:22 UTC 2021
Hello from k8s cluster
[root@server1 deployment]# kubectl logs cronjob-example-27239576--1-kjx8q
Sat Oct 16 08:56:16 UTC 2021				#他们之间差1min
Hello from k8s cluster

service

[

root@server1 ~]# mkdir service
[root@server1 ~]# cd 
[root@server1 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@server1 yum.repos.d]# ls
docker.repo  dvd.repo  k8s.repo  redhat.repo
[root@server1 yum.repos.d]# vim k8s.repo 
[root@server1 yum.repos.d]# cat k8s.repo 			
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=0				#每个server都要改
gpgcheck=0

[root@server1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y ipvsadm		#每个server都要下载

[root@server1 yum.repos.d]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
[root@server1 yum.repos.d]# lsmod |grep ip_vs
ip_vs_sh               12688  0 
ip_vs_wrr              12697  0 
ip_vs_rr               12600  0 
ip_vs                 145497  6 ip_vs_rr,ip_vs_sh,ip_vs_wrr
nf_conntrack          133095  10 ip_vs,nf_nat,nf_nat_ipv4,nf_nat_ipv6,xt_conntrack,nf_nat_masquerade_ipv4,nf_nat_masquerade_ipv6,nf_conntrack_netlink,nf_conntrack_ipv4,nf_conntrack_ipv6
libcrc32c              12644  4 xfs,ip_vs,nf_nat,nf_conntrack

[root@server1 ~]# kubectl -n kube-system get pod
[root@server1 ~]# kubectl -n kube-system get cm

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 ~]# kubectl -n kube-system edit  cm kube-proxy
configmap/kube-proxy edited					#修改IPVS模式
 
[root@server1 ~]# kubectl get pod -n kube-system |grep kube-proxy | awk '{system("kubectl delete pod "$1" -n kube-system")}'		#更新kube-proxy pod

在这里插入图片描述

对比可知 ipvsadm -ln 更简洁，容易观看
[root@server1 ~]# iptables -nL #太繁琐了
在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 ~]# kubectl get  all
NAME                 TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
service/kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP   5d22h
service/webserver    ClusterIP   10.111.70.237   <none>        80/TCP    6h20m
[root@server1 ~]# kubectl delete svc webserver 
service "webserver" deleted
[root@server1 ~]# ip addr
[root@server1 ~]# cd service/
[root@server1 service]# vim service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: web-service
spec:
  ports:
    - name: http
      port: 80
      targetPort: 80
  selector:
      app: nginx
  type: ClusterIP
[root@server1 service]# kubectl apply -f service.yaml 
service/web-service created

在这里插入图片描述

[root@server1 service]# cp /root/deployment/deployment.yaml .
[root@server1 service]# ls
deployment.yaml  service.yaml
[root@server1 service]# vim deployment.yaml 
        image: myapp:v1							#改这个
[root@server1 service]# kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml 
deployment.apps/deployment created
[root@server1 service]# kubectl get pod --show-labels 
NAME                          READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   LABELS
deployment-6456d7c676-54fm5   1/1     Running   0          14s   app=nginx,pod-template-hash=6456d7c676
deployment-6456d7c676-7c2kv   1/1     Running   0          14s   app=nginx,pod-template-hash=6456d7c676
deployment-6456d7c676-txtjm   1/1     Running   0          14s   app=nginx,pod-template-hash=6456d7c676

[root@server1 service]# kubectl describe svc web-service 
Name:              web-service
Namespace:         default
Labels:            <none>
Annotations:       <none>
Selector:          app=nginx
Type:              ClusterIP
IP Family Policy:  SingleStack
IP Families:       IPv4
IP:                10.110.134.40
IPs:               10.110.134.40
Port:              http  80/TCP
TargetPort:        80/TCP
Endpoints:         10.244.1.23:80,10.244.2.16:80,10.244.2.17:80
Session Affinity:  None
Events:            <none>
[root@server1 service]# kubectl get svc
NAME          TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
kubernetes    ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP   5d22h
web-service   ClusterIP   10.110.134.40   <none>        80/TCP    18m
[root@server1 service]# curl 10.110.134.40
Hello MyApp | Version: v1 | <a href="hostname.html">Pod Name</a>
[root@server1 service]# curl 10.110.134.40/hostname.html
deployment-6456d7c676-7c2kv
[root@server1 service]# curl 10.110.134.40/hostname.html
deployment-6456d7c676-txtjm
[root@server1 service]# curl 10.110.134.40/hostname.html
deployment-6456d7c676-54fm5							#负载均衡

可以看到负载均衡的分配情况（InActConn列）
在这里插入图片描述

server3上也能看到负载均衡
在这里插入图片描述
交互式的容器内，也能访问到

集群外部访问

[root@server1 service]# vim service.yaml 
   type: NodePort	
[root@server1 service]# kubectl delete pod demo
pod "demo" deleted
[root@server1 service]# kubectl apply -f service.yaml 
service/web-service configured
[root@server1 service]# kubectl get svc
NAME          TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes    ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP        5d23h
web-service   NodePort    10.110.134.40   <none>        80:32715/TCP   37m		#端口随机生成
[root@server1 service]# netstat -antlp |grep :32715		#在其他server同样能访问	
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:32715           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      6592/kube-proxy

在server8上也能访问，私有仓库
在这里插入图片描述
额，没写的后续补充（能补充应该就怪了！）
下半了，白白！

Rose my my`

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K8s的kubectl命令、Pod-控制器、service类型

1、k8s的kubectl命令启用harbor仓库在harbor文件的路径下 server8上在server1上的master上[root@server1 ~]# export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf启动成功[root@server1 ~]# kubectl run nginx --image=nginx:latestpod/nginx created[root@server1 ~]# kubectl get podNAME
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