思维导图:
1.
main.c:
#include "head.h"
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
int n=5;
per_t *p=create_space(5);
Input(p,5);
int num=Num_t(p,5);
printf("老师的个数是:%d\n",num);
int avg=Avg_s(p,5,num);
printf("学生分数的平均值是:%d\n",avg);
Output(p,5);
p=free_space(p);
return 0;
}
test.c:
#include "head.h"
//在堆区申请空间
per_t * create_space(int n){
//定义指针指向堆区
per_t *p=(per_t*)malloc(sizeof(per_t)*n);
if(NULL==p){
puts("ERROR");
return NULL;
}
return p;
}
//循环输入
void Input(per_t *p,int len){
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
printf("请输入第%d个名字:",i+1);
scanf("%s",(p+i)->name);
getchar();
printf("请输入性别:");
scanf("%s",(p+i)->sex);
getchar();
printf("请输入职业(老师还是学生):");
scanf("%c",&(p+i)->job);
getchar();
if((p+i)->job=='s' || (p+i)->job=='S'){
printf("请输入分数:");
scanf("%f",&(p+i)->s.score);
}else if((p+i)->job=='t' || (p+i)->job=='T'){
printf("请输入职务:");
scanf("%s",(p+i)->s.position);
}
}
}
//计算老师的个数
int Num_t(per_t *p,int len){
int count=0;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
if((p+i)->job=='t' || (p+i)->job=='T'){
count++;
}
}
return count;
}
//计算平均值
int Avg_s(per_t *p,int len,int num){
int sum=0;
int avg;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
if((p+i)->job=='s' || (p+i)->job=='S'){
sum+=(p+i)->s.score;
}
}
avg=sum/(len-num);
return avg;
}
//循环输出
void Output(per_t *p,int len){
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
printf("%s ",(p+i)->name);
printf("%s ",(p+i)->sex);
printf("%c ",(p+i)->job);
if((p+i)->job=='s' || (p+i)->job=='S'){
printf("%.2f ",(p+i)->s.score);
}else if((p+i)->job=='t' || (p+i)->job=='T'){
printf("%s ",(p+i)->s.position);
}
puts("");
}
}
//释放堆区空间
per_t *free_space(per_t *p){
if(NULL==p){
return NULL;
}
free(p);
p=NULL;
return p;
}
head.h:
#ifndef __HEAD_H__ //防止头文件被多次包含
#define __HEAD_H__
//存储头文件,函数声明,全局变量
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef union different
{
float score;
char position[20];
}diff_t;
typedef struct {
char name[20];
char sex[10];
char job;
diff_t s;
}per_t;
per_t * create_space(int n);
void Input(per_t *p,int len);
int Num_t(per_t *p,int len);
int Avg_s(per_t *p,int len,int num);
void Output(per_t *P,int len);
per_t *free_space(per_t *p);
#endif
2.
sizeof(s1): 20
sizeof(s2): 16
sizeof(s3): 12
3.写一个简单的宏,交换a,b的值
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define EXCHANGE(a,b) ({int t=a;a=b;b=t;})
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
char m=1,n=8;
printf("m=%d n=%d\n",m,n);
EXCHANGE(m,n);
printf("m=%d n=%d\n",m,n);
return 0;
}
4.关键字static有什么含义?
1.静态变量,static修饰全局变量未初始化,默认结果是0
2.延长修饰的局部变量的生命周期至本文件结束,不改变作用域
3.static修饰的函数,不可以跨文件调用
4.static修饰的指针不能指向auto类型的变量地址